The role of dark pattern stimuli and personality in online impulse shopping: An application of S-O-R theory

Online impulse shopping is a growing industry. This paper uses the Stimulus-Organism-Response framework to model online impulse purchase behavior using a novel combination of stimuli and organism characteristics. The stimuli: social proof, limited-quantity scarcity, and high-demand, are three commonly used website features known as dark patterns. The organism characteristic personality is measured by the big 5 personality traits and persona generated through latent profile analysis. Using the machine learning algorithm XGBoost, impulse purchasing response was predicted separately for each dark pattern stimuli. Results show personality characteristics are important features when predicting consumer impulse purchasing in response to dark pattern messages. Moreover, the personality traits (and personas) most predictive of impulse shopping behavior varied by type of dark pattern. Findings suggest personality influences susceptibility to different dark patterns, indicating a need for tailored interventions to mitigate individual consumer vulnerabilities to impulse shopping.     

川金丝猴社会行为模式的观察研究

川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellanae)是我国特有的灵长类动物。本文记述了两个人工饲养繁殖笼内雌雄成年和亚成年川金丝猴成员在社会交往中的各种行为模式。同时记述了各种行为模式发生时的社会情境和所涉及的成员,从而了解各种行为模式的社会含意。社会行为有攻击,作威,屈服,和解和友谊四大类,其中共包括17种不同模式的社会行为节目。     

儿童镜像书写的研究

本实验选择了幼儿园大班,小学一、三、五年级的5—12岁右利儿童133人,用八种书写方式书写自己的姓名、阿拉伯数字1—10和八个汉字,同时检查了儿童的定向能力。结果表明:随着年龄的增大,镜像书写出现的人次和数目减少;自左往右的习惯方向书写所出现的镜像人次和数目比自右往左的非习惯方向少;左手出现镜像书写比右手多;双手同时书写比单手出现的镜像书写多;有空间定向力的比仅有自身定向和无定向力的人出现的镜像书写少。本文验证了镜像书写形成的传统假说后,进一步提出了熟练理论:随着对汉字和数字的认知与视-书写运动图式的牢固掌握,镜像字体的出现就逐渐减少,并认为镜像书写存在着一个复杂的机制,是受多因素控制的。     

大卫·哈维的不平衡地理发展理论述评

不平衡地理发展是涉及诸多领域,如社会学、地理学、历史学、人类学、政治学、经济学等理论和实践中的核心问题之一.正是作为新自由主义政治规划和资本积累地理过程的全球化与多样性之间的冲突,越来越使我们认识到不平衡地理发展的重要性及其在当代政治实践的基础性地位.     

婴儿问题解决行为的特点与发展

采用标准化的实验室测验法 ,考察了 8～ 11个月婴儿问题解决过程中的行为表现与策略特点、注意力集中水平及其与问题解决成效的关系。结果表明 :(1)在问题解决过程中 ,婴儿的尝试行为及方法的有效性水平都呈逐步上升的趋势。在初次面临问题情境时 ,所有 8个月组婴儿不能有效解决问题 ,但到 11个月时 ,6 1 5 %的婴儿已能正确解决问题 ;(2 )在问题解决过程中 ,婴儿的注意力集中水平在 8～ 11个月间显著提高 ;(3)婴儿注意集中水平与其解决问题的成效显著相关。     

应付方式量表的初步编制

编制应付方式问卷 ,并获得该量表的初步常模。来自全国 6个地区的 114 4名被试完成了有效测试 ,其中男性 5 5 9人 ,女性 5 85人 ,平均年龄 31.0 3± 7.99岁。结果 :(1)人们的应付方式主要有 4种类型 :即针对问题积极应付、否认与心理解脱、情感求助与宣泄、回避问题转移注意。 (2 )该量表具有良好的信度和效度 ,达到心理测量学的有关要求 ,可以作为评估应付活动的工具。 (3)初步提供了该量表的成人常模 ,并对应付方式在性别和年龄上的差异进行了讨论。     

A multilevel investigation of motivational cultural intelligence, organizational diversity climate, and cultural sales: evidence from U.S. real estate firms

Adopting a multilevel theoretical framework, the authors examined how motivational cultural intelligence influences individual cultural sales--the number of housing transactions occurring between people of different cultural origins. Data from 305 real estate agents employed at 26 real estate firms in the United States demonstrated that an individual's motivational cultural intelligence is positively related to his or her cultural sales. This positive relationship is enhanced by the firm's motivational cultural intelligence and diversity climate. The authors discuss the theoretical and practical implications of their findings in a workplace context that involves cross-cultural interpersonal interactions.     

The visual field paradox: a theoretical account on the reafference principle providing a common frame for the homogeneity and inhomogeneity of visual representation

Observations on the structure of the visual field and its central representation lead to a paradox. A functional dissociation is indicated in oculomotor or attentional control when different response modes are observed as a function of stimulus eccentricity. Alternatively, constancy of brightness throughout the visual field suggests its homogeneity. This paradox can be resolved, if perceptual and motor processes are not conceived of being controlled by separate neuronal mechanisms, but are interconnected within one frame of reference. The reafference principle allows to formulate such a common frame as it integrates afferent and efferent processes. On the basis of this concept, the visual field paradox can be interpreted as not being a paradox at all, but a necessary condition for optimal information processing.     

老年人医疗语篇理解的影响因素和补偿模型

医疗语篇理解是老年人实现自我照护的关键因素,改善老年人医疗语篇理解有助于提高其生存质量并节约医疗成本。本文整理了老年人医疗语篇理解的影响因素,包括加工能力等老年人个体因素和可读性等语篇设计因素,并在此基础上提出了老年人医疗语篇理解补偿模型。该模型尝试阐述上述各影响因素中,那些随龄衰退的因素(如加工能力),如何从别的因素中得到补偿(如医疗知识),从而支撑老年人的医疗语篇理解。补偿模型有利于干预研究的设计,但也还有待更多的实证研究。