全文获取类型
收费全文 | 26407篇 |
免费 | 878篇 |
国内免费 | 12篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 261篇 |
2018年 | 322篇 |
2017年 | 355篇 |
2016年 | 405篇 |
2015年 | 321篇 |
2014年 | 334篇 |
2013年 | 1938篇 |
2012年 | 654篇 |
2011年 | 667篇 |
2010年 | 420篇 |
2009年 | 438篇 |
2008年 | 625篇 |
2007年 | 566篇 |
2006年 | 500篇 |
2005年 | 496篇 |
2004年 | 459篇 |
2003年 | 469篇 |
2002年 | 490篇 |
2001年 | 698篇 |
2000年 | 697篇 |
1999年 | 479篇 |
1998年 | 250篇 |
1992年 | 482篇 |
1991年 | 458篇 |
1990年 | 464篇 |
1989年 | 463篇 |
1988年 | 412篇 |
1987年 | 425篇 |
1986年 | 453篇 |
1985年 | 491篇 |
1984年 | 419篇 |
1983年 | 381篇 |
1982年 | 276篇 |
1981年 | 316篇 |
1980年 | 247篇 |
1979年 | 447篇 |
1978年 | 324篇 |
1977年 | 292篇 |
1976年 | 278篇 |
1975年 | 416篇 |
1974年 | 461篇 |
1973年 | 493篇 |
1972年 | 415篇 |
1971年 | 404篇 |
1970年 | 380篇 |
1969年 | 410篇 |
1968年 | 500篇 |
1967年 | 479篇 |
1966年 | 453篇 |
1958年 | 252篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Aala El-Khani Wadih Maalouf Dania Abu Baker Nosheen Zahra Ali Noubani Kim Cartwright 《International journal of psychology》2020,55(Z1):26-39
A child's adjustment to wartime stress is reliant not only on individual responses and qualities, but very significantly on the availability of support that they may receive from their parent or caregivers and quality of relationships. Strengthening parental support has the potential to be valuable. A pilot two-arm randomised controlled trial investigated the feasibility of delivering and evaluating the “Caring for Children Through Conflict and Displacement” intervention with caregivers in the West Bank. Feasibility to recruit and train non-specialist staff on-the-ground to screen families for eligibility, collect outcome data, deliver the intervention and to recruit and retain families in the study were examined. Research staff and intervention facilitators were successfully appointed in the field, screened participants and delivered the intervention to 120 caregivers, collecting outcome measures pre-and post-delivery. All families completed the outcome measures, with very little missing data. This indicated that the intervention can be delivered feasibly and evaluated with families in this humanitarian context. Preliminary outcome data showed promise that the intervention may have the potential to both improve family functioning and reduce children's problem behaviour. Implications of family-focused initiatives, particularly within a conflict/post-conflict context for the prevention of several negative health and social outcomes directions, are discussed. 相似文献
22.
23.
John Y. H. Bai Sarah Cowie Anne C. Macaskill Douglas Elliffe Christopher A. Podlesnik 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2020,113(2):363-389
It is widely assumed that reinforcers are biologically relevant stimuli, or stimuli that have been associated with biologically relevant stimuli. However, brief, arbitrary stimuli have also been reported to have reinforcement-like effects, despite being unrelated to biologically relevant stimuli like food. The present study explored the potential reinforcement-like effects of brief stimuli across 5 experiments. In Experiments 1 through 4, pigeon subjects responded for food reinforcement and brief stimulus presentations in a 2-component multiple schedule. Neither baseline response rates nor resistance to change during disruption tests were systematically greater in a component with versus without brief stimulus presentations. Increasing the rate and duration of brief stimulus presentations in Experiment 4 did not reveal reinforcement-like effects when compared directly with food. In Experiment 5, pigeons chose between independent terminal links in a concurrent-chains procedure. Across conditions, varying the location, duration, and rate of brief stimulus presentations in the terminal links had no systematic effects on preference. In contrast, varying rates of food reinforcers resulted in large and reliable shifts in preference. Therefore, the present study found no systematic evidence that brief stimuli unrelated to food reliably increase response rates, resistance to change, or preference. These data demonstrate the value of systematic replication, and a behavioral momentum approach to assessing potential reinforcement-like effects. 相似文献
24.
25.
Early explications of family communication patterns (FCP) suggested that a family's communication pattern arises as a result of interactions in which parents and adolescents influence each other. In contrast, empirical research usually treats FCP as parent‐imposed norms that influence socialization outcomes in adolescents, without testing whether adolescents' socialization influences FCP. This study revisits the assumption that adolescents influence FCP, using data from a longitudinal quasi‐experimental evaluation of a school‐based civics curriculum intervention (N = 313 parent‐adolescent pairs). Results show that the intervention‐stimulated adolescents to initiate discussion of politics at home and that these adolescent‐initiated discussions influenced adolescents' and parents' perceptions of FCP 6 months later. 相似文献
26.
27.
28.
A. G. Baker Hannah Steinwald Mark E. Bouton 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B: Comparative and Physiological Psychology》1991,43(2):199-218
In three experiments we studied the relationship between contextual conditioning and the reinstatement of extinguished lever pressing that occurs when noncontingent food is introduced following extinction. In all three experiments the non-contingent food was presented off-baseline (with the response levers not present). On subsequent tests, with the response levers present, animals that had been exposed to food showed more reinstatement of lever pressing than control animals. This finding rules out alternative mechanisms for the reinstated responding that rely on the interaction of non-contingent food and responding, such as superstitious reinforcement or the discriminative after-effects of food. In addition, in each experiment we demonstrated that manipulations known to affect contextual conditioning (signalling the food in Experiment 1, context extinction in Experiment 2, and switching contexts in Experiment 3) reduced the reinstatement. These results are consistent with the claim that contextual conditioning is important in controlling instrumental conditioning and closely parallel findings concerning the reinstatement of Pavlovian responsing following extinction. 相似文献
29.
Henning Gibbons Thomas H. Rammsayer 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》2004,57(1):61-86
A series of four spatial localization experiments is reported that examined the effects of display duration and presentation mode on positive and negative priming using an attended-repetition and an ignored-repetition paradigm, respectively. Experiment 1 showed larger positive priming with response-dependent than with 150 ms display durations while negative priming remained unaffected. Experiments 2-4 were performed to further elucidate the effects of prime-probe durations. Data suggest largely independent effects of prime and probe duration on priming effects. Manipulation of prime duration affected facilitation due to repetition of the prime distractor location as well as inhibitory effects associated with ignored repetition. Furthermore, anticipated probe duration modulated the effectiveness of inhibition of return. Findings are discussed within a framework proposing two major components of priming effects—a stimulus-driven or automatic component, and a strategic component related to the participant's expectations towards the probe. 相似文献
30.
In this study, we explored the structure of pupils’ creativity in primary education following the Amusement Park Theory, by investigating undiscovered linkages between the domains of writing, mathematics, and drawing. More specifically, we examined: (a) whether some domains and general thematic areas are more closely related to each other than to others, (b) whether literacy and mathematical ability are specific underlying traits of creativity in writing and mathematics, respectively, and (c) whether intelligence and divergent thinking are related to creativity in all domains. The sample consisted of 331 Dutch 4th grade pupils. For each research question, a model was analyzed using structural equation modeling. We found creativity in mathematics and creativity in writing to be most similar, followed by creativity in mathematics and creativity in drawing, with creativity in writing and creativity in drawing being least similar. Additionally, we found evidence for several underlying traits (i.e., literacy ability and mathematical ability) and initial requirements of creativity (i.e., intelligence and divergent thinking), none of which were important for creativity in only one domain, and of which only intelligence was important for creativity in all domains. Herewith, our study provides insights regarding the complexity of the structure of creativity in primary education. 相似文献