The Benefits of the Learn to Think Program for Preschoolers’ Creativity: An Explorative Study

This paper presents the Learn to Think preschool (LTT-P) program for promoting creativity in preschoolers and reviews its potential benefits. LTT-P was designed within the framework of the successful LTT creativity program for older students and both were developed to fit the Chinese education system. To assess the potential benefits of LTT-P, a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group study was conducted in a preschool in an urban region in the northwest of China, involving 68 middle level and 87 senior level children. The Lines and Circles subtests of the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking were used to examine the development of children's creativity on the dimensions fluency, originality, and elaboration between pretest and posttest. The results suggest that the LTT-P program has the potential to promote young children's creative thinking, especially with regard to the aspects of originality and elaboration. The results for fluency are less clear. To the best of our knowledge, LTT-P is the first program, grounded in a structured learning theory and sound curriculum framework, to support children's creativity development in Chinese early childhood education.     

执行功能水平高与低的大学生心理旋转眼动实验

该文采用执行功能测试,从68名大学生中选出34名(执行功能水平高、低各一半,文、理科各一半)参加心理旋转眼动实验,结果表明:1)执行功能水平高的大学生比执行功能水平低的大学生心理旋转能力强,并且达到了显著的差异;同样理科大学生比文科大学生心理旋转能力强,并且达到了显著的差异。2)大学生心理旋转中的注视时间、注视次数、注视瞳孔直径总体情况是随着角度的增大而增加。     

场景在价值驱动注意捕获中的作用

本研究采用训练-测试范式考察场景信息在价值驱动注意捕获中的作用。实验1训练阶段将唯一性的场景信息与奖励建立联结,测试阶段发现只有当分心刺激出现在高奖励场景中才能捕获注意;实验2训练阶段将场景和颜色信息联合但分别独立预测奖励,结果发现高奖励颜色出现在任何场景中都能捕获注意。研究结果表明:(1)场景-价值联结能够引发注意捕获效应;(2)与场景相比,颜色特征在价值驱动的注意捕获中具有优势效应。     

犹太哈西德运动历史初探

本文对近代犹太哈西德运动产生的社会背景、发展状况进行历史性的考察,认为该运动之产生是东欧犹太社区对其生存境况恶化而做出的反应,其发展一方面与整个东欧犹太社区所面临问题的共性有关,亦与该运动独特的内部结构与发展方式有关;本文还分析了该运动独特的宗教主张,分析其在犹太教神秘主义运动中的地位及宗教价值和社会意义.在现代性日益发展的今天,哈西德运动的存在本身具有其特殊的文化意义,应当得到主流社会文化的理解和尊重.     

阅读知觉广度眼动研究述评

文章述评了测量阅读知觉广度的实验范式,并对阅读知觉广度的研究成果以及影响阅读知觉广度大小的因素进行小结,最后对国内研究阅读知觉广度需要注意的问题进行了讨论。     

不同心理弹性大学新生的积极消极情绪特征

该研究采用颜色词的stroop研究范式,探讨了积极、消极情绪诱导下,大一新生对积极、消极、中性三类颜色词的反应时辨别差异与错误率。实验结果表明,在消极情绪诱导下,高心理弹性个体在消极词汇上表现出较快的反应时;在积极情绪诱导下,高心理弹性个体在积极词汇上表现出较快的反应时;内隐实验获得的情绪反应倾向与心理弹性量表所测的外显情绪反应倾向趋于一致。结论:高心理弹性大学新生具有较多的积极情绪。     

汉语阅读过程潜在成分及其性质检验

该研究旨在验证汉语阅读过程也包含单词识别能力和语言理解能力两个潜在的独立成分,且二者之间存在显著相关,进而从理论上为采用"成分模型"实施汉语阅读障碍检测及亚类型鉴定提供实证支持,同时也为教育工作者和实践者针对儿童阅读成分缺陷采取干预补救策略提供指导性信息;文章采用测验法对小学3、4、5年级儿童实施五项语言技能测验,研究结果表明汉语阅读过程也包含单词识别能力和语言理解能力两个潜在的独立成分,单词识别能力和语言理解能力两个变量之间存在显著相关。     

What to Do in an Unjust State?: On Confucius’s and Socrates’s Views on Political Duty

Confucius argued for the centrality of the superior man’s political duty to his fellow human beings and to the state, while Socrates suggested that the superior man (the philosopher) may have no such political duty. However, Confucius also suggested that one not enter or stay—let alone save—a troubled state, while Socrates stayed in an unjust state, apparently fulfilling his political duty to the state by accepting an unjust verdict. In this essay, I will try to show how Confucius could solve these apparent contradictions. I will then examine the reasons Socrates directly and indirectly offers to resolve his seemingly conflicting positions in light of the discussion of the Confucian case. This article is a first step toward a deeper understanding of both Confucius and Socrates (Plato) by way of comparative studies, and of the general issue of a superior man’s political duty to a bad state.     

牟宗三"实践的智慧学"探求诠论

对哲学作为“实践的智慧学”的探求是牟宗三后期哲学思考的核心。这一探索,开启了牟宗三中国哲学与康德哲学双向诠释的基本视域,也拓出了道德形而上学体系建构的理论地平。“实践的智慧学”诠释具有独特的理论内涵,也隐含了牟氏道德形上学自我批判与超越的思想线索。     

平面香水广告版面设计的眼动研究

本研究以EyeLinkⅡ型眼动仪探讨被试在观看香水广告时的眼动特征。实验设计为4(香水瓶位置:左上角、右上角、左下角、右下角)×3(背景图案:人物、广告词、风景)×2(兴趣区:香水、背景)的被试内设计。结果发现:(1)当香水瓶位于广告的下半部分时能够吸引消费者更多的注意;(2)当以人物为背景图案时,被试对位于广告左下角的香水瓶的注意更多;当以广告词为背景图案时,被试对位于广告的左上角的香水瓶的注意更多;(3)被试对香水广告版面设计时背景图案为风景的香水广告的喜爱甚于人物(名人或模特)和广告词。