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51.
Examining emotion reactivity and recovery following minor problems in daily life can deepen our understanding of how stress affects child mental health. This study assessed children’s immediate and delayed emotion responses to daily problems at school, and examined their correlations with psychological symptoms. On 5 consecutive weekdays, 83 fifth graders (M = 10.91 years, SD = 0.53, 51% female) completed brief diary forms 5 times per day, providing repeated ratings of school problems and emotions. They also completed a one-time questionnaire about symptoms of depression, and parents and teachers rated child internalizing and externalizing problems. Using multilevel modeling techniques, we assessed within-person daily associations between school problems and negative and positive emotion at school and again at bedtime. On days when children experienced more school problems, they reported more negative emotion and less positive emotion at school, and at bedtime. There were reliable individual differences in emotion reactivity and recovery. Individual-level indices of emotion responses derived from multilevel models were correlated with child psychological symptoms. Children who showed more negative emotion reactivity reported more depressive symptoms. Multiple informants described fewer internalizing problems among children who showed better recovery by bedtime, even after controlling for children’s average levels of exposure to school problems. Diary methods can extend our understanding of the links between daily stress, emotions and child mental health. Recovery following stressful events may be an important target of research and intervention for child internalizing problems. 相似文献
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儒家礼治思想与社会和谐 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
在汉代以降的两千多年的历史上,礼治一直充当着治理国家、管理社会的重要手段,发挥着维护社会和谐、稳定、有序的重要作用,特别是那些盛大的王朝更是如此。对于儒家的礼治思想,我们不应简单地视之为封建主义的东西,而应该客观地、历史地对待,努力挖掘其中的合理因素,为我们构建现代和谐社会提供历史的借鉴和传统的思想资源。一儒家主张“为国以礼”[1],把“礼”作为治理国家、管理社会的主要手段,这样的政治模式或政治理想可以称为“礼治”。“礼”对于治理国家具有总纲、大法的意义,这在春秋时期就已有共识。如“礼,国之纪也”;[2]“礼,王… 相似文献
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介绍两种动机测验及其形式:1)多元动机测验(MMG)及其半投射测验形式和网格技术,它综合了投射测验和问卷的优点;2)客观性成就动机测验(OAMT)及其通过被试完成操作性任务测评成就动机的客观性测验形式。 相似文献
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纳络酮、地卓西平(MK-801)对大鼠食物渴求的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
实验以条件性位置偏爱(CPP)的表达为渴求模型观察纳络酮及MK-801对大鼠食物CPP表达,探讨摄食行为调控的心理机制。48只SD大鼠分成食物组(24)与对照组(24),3轮食物匹配训练后,在CPP表达前分别注射生理盐水、纳络酮(1.0 mg˙kg -1)及MK-801(0.1 mg˙kg -1),观察各组动物在食物匹配训练侧停留时间的变化。结果发现,MK-801促进食物CPP的表达,但纳络酮对食物CPP的表达没有显著影响。以上结果表明MK-801(0.1mg˙kg -1)增强动物的食物渴求至少是其增加摄食量的原因之一,而1.0 mg˙kg -1的纳络酮降低动物的摄食量并不是由于食物渴求的下降导致的。MK-801与纳络酮调节动物摄食行为的心理机制可能不一致。 相似文献
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行为遗传学:从宏观到微观的生命研究 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
行为遗传学是在多门学科发展的基础上形成的一门交叉学科。从19世纪末期到现在,行为遗传学已跨入第三个世纪。从孟德尔单基因遗传定律到多基因系统与环境交互作用影响复杂的人类行为,从传统的计量遗传学研究到连锁、关联研究再到功能基因组学技术的应用,无论在思想体系还是研究方法上,行为遗传学都取得了突破性进展。尽管行为遗传学在阐明基因究竟怎样影响行为的道路上仍处于起步阶段,但毋庸置疑,这一学科的进步将有助于人类了解自身行为,减轻人类病痛,并最终推动整个社会健康发展。 相似文献
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Using a sample of young adults, the present study investigated how the participants' attachment to romantic partners was related to that with their parents and peers and how this specific attachment experience was associated with their physiological stress response. We examined 121 pairs of young Chinese (N = 242) heterosexual couples (men's age: 22.26 ± 2.40; women's age: 21.62 ± 2.22) and their attachment to parents, peers, and romantic partners as well as their cortisol recovery from romantic conflict. Robust actor–partner interdependence mediation models showed that women's insecure parental and peer attachment was associated with blunted cortisol recovery from romantic stress through their fearful attachment with romantic partners, whereas men's insecure parental and peer attachment was associated with their partners' adaptive cortisol recovery from romantic stress through their fearful romantic attachment. These findings suggested that women's hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal-axis functioning seemed to be more strongly associated with their own and their partners' attachment relationships compared to men. 相似文献
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