全文获取类型
收费全文 | 661篇 |
免费 | 48篇 |
专业分类
709篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 19篇 |
2020年 | 21篇 |
2019年 | 13篇 |
2018年 | 46篇 |
2017年 | 37篇 |
2016年 | 42篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 30篇 |
2013年 | 91篇 |
2012年 | 34篇 |
2011年 | 30篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 14篇 |
2008年 | 41篇 |
2007年 | 37篇 |
2006年 | 23篇 |
2005年 | 24篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 17篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有709条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
641.
The purposes of this study were to report an investigation of attitudes toward physical education in a sample of primary school students and examine the predictive influence of students' sex, grades in physical education classes, and parents' education and socioeconomic status on students' attitudes. Participants, 963 (474 girls and 489 boys) primary school students from Grades 6 (12.7%), 7 (10.3%) and 8 (77%), completed the Wear Attitude Inventory. Analysis indicated students had positive scores on General Attitudes rather than on Social, Emotional, and Physical Attitudes. In addition, girls (M = 32.6, SD = 3.9) had more positive General Attitudes than boys (M = 32.0, SD = 4.6). Also, students' grades in physical education classes were statistically significantly related to their Attitudes toward physical education (Wilks lambda, F1,1110 = 2.88, p < .05). However, parents' education and socioeconomic status were not. One may infer that ways of encouraging more favorable attitudes might be planned. 相似文献
642.
The purpose of this study was to measure the precompetitive anxiety and affective states of climbers, particularly with regard to sex and types of competition. 37 men (M=25.9, SD=3.8 yr.) and 10 women (M=25.9, SD=4.2 yr.), climbers who enrolled in Indoor Sport Climbing Competition, voluntarily participated in two different types of competition-speed and difficulty indoor climbing. The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were administered to all climbers just before the competition. The Sport Competition Anxiety Test was also administered to control competitive trait anxiety. Multivariate analysis of covariance yielded a significant interaction of sex and type of competition for affective state (Hotelling T2=0.21; F2,33=3.43, p<.05). Follow-up univariate analysis indicated that the mean Negative Affect score of women climbers before the difficulty competition was higher than mean Negative Affect scores of men before both speed and difficulty competitions and also the mean for women climbers before the speed competition (F1,34 = 6.15, p <.05). The results partially supported the hypothesis of differences in negative affect by sex and types of competition. 相似文献
643.
Need for continuity of a television program was assessed with attitude toward and recall of advertisements. The program continuity was manipulated experimentally by presenting one music video program as Top 10 (continuous) or as Regular (discontinuous) format. General attitude toward commercials and the belief in advertisement-product realism were investigated through the commercials with continuous and discontinuous formats of the same program. Data were gathered from undergraduates (23 men and 68 women) whose mean age was 20.2 yr. (SD=2.5). Analyses indicated continuity was not related to their attitude towards embedded commercials but was associated with their recall. Implications were discussed. 相似文献
644.
Bigand E Poulin B Tillmann B Madurell F D'Adamo DA 《Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance》2003,29(1):159-171
This study investigated the strength of sensory and cognitive components involved in musical priming. In Experiment 1, the harmonic function of the target chord and the number of pitch classes shared by the prime sequence and the target chord were manipulated. In Experiment 2, the temporal course of sensory and cognitive priming was investigated. For both musician and nonmusician listeners, cognitive priming systematically overruled sensory priming even at fast and very fast tempi (300 ms and 150 ms per chord). Cognitive priming continued to challenge sensory priming processes at extremely fast tempo (75 ms per chord) but only for participants who began the experimental session with slower tempi. This outcome suggests that the cognitive component is a fast-acting component that competes with sensory priming. 相似文献
645.
In rapid streams of visual stimuli, identification of a first target interferes with identification of a second target presented within the next half second (the attentional blink or AB). It has been suggested that rapid perceptual decisions under masking interference involve interactions between frontal and posterior cortex. We investigated the neural correlates of the AB using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twelve subjects viewed rapid streams of black letters in which were embedded two white target letters (T1 and T2) separated by either 300 or 700 ms. As expected, fewer correct T2 identifications were observed in the short-delay condition. Corresponding fMRI statistical images showed increased activation in inferotemporal and posterior parietal cortex, but also in lateral frontal cortex and cerebellum in the short-delay condition suggesting that these brain regions are associated with perceptual decisions under masking interference. 相似文献
646.
Alzheimer's disease disrupts arithmetic fact retrieval processes but not arithmetic strategy selection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Three groups of healthy younger adults, healthy older adults, and probable AD patients, performed an addition/number comparison task. They compared 128 couples of additions and numbers (e.g., 4 + 9 15) and had to identify the largest item for each problem by pressing one of two buttons located under each item. Manipulations of problem characteristics (i.e., problem difficulty and splits between correct sums and proposed numbers) enabled us to examine strategy selection and specific arithmetic fact retrieval processes. Results showed that arithmetic facts retrieval processes, which were spared with aging, were impaired in AD patients. However, AD patients were able to switch between strategies across trials according to problem characteristics as well as healthy older adults, and less systematically than healthy younger adults. We discuss implications of these findings for further understanding AD-related differences in arithmetic in particular, and problem solving in general. 相似文献
647.
Although subchronic phencyclidine (PCP) administration is recognized as a probative method to model schizophrenia-like symptoms in animals, only a few sets of data support the hypothesis of a cognitive prefrontal cortex (PFc) dysfunction in PCP-treated monkeys and rodents. Two experiments were here conducted to further test the integrity of prefrontal function in two versions of a memory for temporal order (MTO) task administered to rats. Original versions of this task elaborated by Kesner repeatedly yielded moderate to severe performance deficits in PFc lesioned rats. MTO assessment in an eight-arm radial maze consisted in a recency discrimination between two arms previously explored in the context of sequential forced choices. In Experiment 1, 16 naive Long-Evans rats were pre-trained on a variable version of the MTO task involving randomly re-mixed sequences until they reached a group criterion. Then, rats were treated daily for 21 days with PCP (10mg/kg) or saline vehicle and were tested on the same task approximately 20 h after an injection. The performance of the groups did not differ. In Experiment 2, 16 naive Long-Evans rats untrained prior to treatment received 27 daily injections of either PCP (10mg/kg) or saline vehicle and were tested, 20 h after each injection, on a constant version of the MTO task. This time, a fixed set of four sequences of successive arm entries was repeated within each daily session as well as across days. Again, prolonged PCP exposure failed to impair discrimination of temporal order despite the stability of sequential information over time. These negative results are not consistent with long-lasting hypofrontality, a major landmark of human schizophrenia, in the PCP rat model. 相似文献
648.
When a statement about the occurrence of a medical condition is qualified by an expression of probability, such as the word possible, listeners interpret the probability of the condition as being higher the more severe the condition. This severity bias can have serious consequences for the well-being of patients. We argue that the bias is due to a misconception of the pragmatic function served by the expression of probability. The more severe the condition, the greater the chance that the listener construes the expression as a politeness marker rather than as an uncertainty marker. When this misconception does not occur, neither should the severity bias. An analysis of interpretations of probability expressions using a membership-function approach validates this account. We discuss the consequences of this bias for the communication of risk within and outside the medical domain. 相似文献
649.
The attentional blink (AB) corresponds to a transient deficit in reporting the second (T2) of two targets embedded in a rapid sequence of distractors. The retrieval competition (Shapiro, Raymond & Arnell, 1994) and bottleneck models (Chun & Potter, 1995; Jolicoeur, 1998) predict the attenuation of the deficit with the extension of the delay between T2 and its mask. This prediction was tested using auditory sequences of nonverbal stimuli in which the T2-mask interval was systematically varied. The magnitude of the auditory AB diminished with the lengthening of the interval from 50 to 150 ms while no time-locked deficit was observed with the longest (350 ms) and the shortest (10 ms) intervals. These results suggest that presenting a mask after T2 is not sufficient to produce an auditory AB: The mask must be perceivable as an auditory event distinct from the target and occur before T2 consolidation. The present study also provides evidence that as in vision, AB deficits take place in the auditory domain when T2 is masked by interruption but not by integration. Our findings are best accounted for in terms of bottlenecked processing limitations. 相似文献
650.
Delvenne JF 《Cognition》2005,96(3):B79-B88
Visual short-term memory (VSTM) and attention are both thought to have a capacity limit of four items [e.g. Luck, S. J., & Vogel, E. K. (1997). The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions. Nature, 309, 279-281; Pylyshyn, Z. W., & Storm, R. W. (1988). Tracking multiple independent targets: evidence for a parallel tracking mechanism. Spatial Vision, 3, 179-197.]. Using the multiple object visual tracking paradigm (MOT), it has recently been shown that twice as many items can be simultaneously attended when they are separated between two visual fields compared to when they are all presented within the same hemifield [Alvarez, G. A., & Cavanagh, P. (2004). Independent attention resources for the left and right visual hemifields (Abstract). Journal of Vision, 4(8), 29a.]. Does VSTM capacity also increase when the items to be remembered are distributed between the two visual fields? The current paper investigated this central issue in two different tasks, namely a color and spatial location change detection task, in which the items were displayed either in the two visual fields or in the same hemifield. The data revealed that only memory capacity for spatial locations and not colors increased when the items were separated between the two visual fields. These findings support the view of VSTM as a chain of capacity limited operations where the spatial selection of stimuli, which dominates in both spatial location VSTM and MOT, occupies the first place and shows independence between the two fields. 相似文献