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61.
Augustine Osman Beverly A. Kopper Francisco X. Barrios Joylene R. Osman Tricia Besett Marsha M. Linehan 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1996,24(4):433-443
This study modified and evaluated the psychometric properties of the Reasons for Living Inventory (RFL) in samples of adolescents. Internal consistency reliability, corrected item-total scale correlation, and exploratory factor analysis procedures were used with a mixed sample of 260 adolescents to identify 14 items for the brief version of the RFL (BRFL-A). Confirmatory factor analyses provided support for the five-factor oblique structure of the BRFL-A in a psychiatric inpatient sample with a range of suicidal behaviors. Reliabilities of the BRFL-A subscales were satisfactory. Four of the five subscales differentiated between suicidal and nonsuicidal adolescents. Significant correlations were found between three BRFL-A subscales and several suicide indices. Convergent-discriminant validity was examined by correlating the BRFL-A subscales with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory—Adolescents (MMPI-A) Content Scales. Limitations of the study are discussed.This study was supported in part by a Project Grant from the Graduate College, The University of Northern Iowa. 相似文献
62.
FaizaMohamedOsman 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2004,25(3):64-64
调查目的:调查文化、社会性别问题对不同社会经济地位的人们的知情同意的现实性和可行性的影响. 相似文献
63.
Deborah Laible Tia Panfile Murphy Mairin Augustine 《Journal of cognition and development》2013,14(2):270-291
Researchers have speculated that a number of factors likely predict the quality of reminiscing between preschool children and their mothers. This study was designed to investigate three such factors, including child temperament, maternal personality, and maternal caregiving representations. Seventy mothers and their preschool children were recruited for the study. When the child was 42 months of age, mothers completed measures of her personality and the child's temperament. Mothers also took part in the shortened Parent Development Inventory, which was coded for coherence, pleasure, comfort, and perspective taking. At both 42 and 48 months, the mother–child dyad reminisced about a past event in which the child experienced a negative emotion. These conversations were coded for the amount of maternal elaboration, the discussion of emotion, and dyadic qualities (such as collaboration and intersubjectivity). At 42 months, aspects of maternal personality and child temperament were most associated with reminiscing quality. However, at 48 months, it was primarily maternal representations of relationships that predicted high-quality reminiscing in the dyad. 相似文献
64.
AbstractIn the present study we ask, Does empathy also support cooperative behaviors when the status (high, low) of an individual differs relative to other group members and is determined by either chance or effort? In response to this unexplored question, the present study involved a series of 4 experiments using a linear public goods game (Experiment 1–3, 4-player; Experiment 4, 2-player). Regardless of the way in which status was achieved (chance, effort), those with low status cooperated more compared with their high-status counterparts. Empathy in and of itself revealed very small overall increases in cooperative behavior. Overall, status and monetary incentives appear to be more salient than empathy in guiding behaviors in a social dilemma task. 相似文献
65.
66.
Using longitudinal and experience sampling designs, the consistency and composition, and personality and motivational predictors,
of the desired affective state are explored. Findings indicate that, while the desired affect is relatively malleable throughout
one semester, it is relatively stable throughout 1 week. Personality and motivations/goals were related to the content of
the desired affective state. Extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were related to the content of
the desired affective state. In addition, higher-order goals predicted the content of the desired affective state. Our results
suggest that the content of the desired affective state may be largely dependent on personality, motivation, and, potentially,
an interaction between personality and motivation. 相似文献
67.
Augustine Osman Peter M. Gutierrez Jane L. Wong Stacey Freedenthal Courtney L. Bagge Kimberly D. Smith 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(4):595-608
We conducted 4 studies to develop and cross-validate scores on a multidimensional self-report measure of suicide and anger
expression, the Suicide Anger Expression Inventory-28 (SAEI-28). The SAEI-28 evaluates Suicide Rumination, Maladaptive Expression,
Reactive Distress, and Adaptive Expression with 7 content specific items each. Participants were between ages 14 and 47 years
old. Study 1 developed a pool of content relevant and representative items for the new inventory. Study 2 explored potential
domains of the SAEI-28 items, evaluating preliminary estimates of internal consistency reliability. Study 3 examined specific
structures of the SAEI-28 items and scale reliability. Study 4 evaluated the fit of the oblique 4-factor model to 2 alternative
solutions. Support was found for estimates of internal consistency reliability for the scales. Criterion-related validity
and potential correlates for the SAEI-28 scales were also assessed. 相似文献
68.
69.
Following Event Segmentation Theory (EST) adult memory is enhanced at event boundaries (EB). The present study set out to explore this in infancy. Sixty‐eight 21‐month‐olds watched a cartoon with one of two objects (counterbalanced) inserted for 3s either at EB or between EB. Ten minutes later they watched both objects (familiar and novel) in a 10s Visual Paired Comparison (VPC) test while being eye‐tracked. Furthermore, they were asked to point to the previous object. Based on EST, we hypothesized that objects inserted at EB would be processed more fully, resulting in improved memory compared to objects inserted between EB. Only infants with objects at EB exhibited memory evidenced by a transient familiarity preference for the first 3s of the test. Only 18 infants completed the pointing test, but all infants presented with objects at EB (10/10) pointed to the correct (familiar) object, which was not the case for the infants presented with objects between EB (5/8). 相似文献
70.