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231.
232.
Attachment styles,conflict styles and humour styles: interrelationships and associations with relationship satisfaction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Relationships among attachment styles, conflict styles and humour styles were examined in the context of romantic relationships. Each style was assumed to be based upon underlying assumptions about self and others, so relationships among the measures were predicted. A model assuming that the relationship of attachment styles to relationship satisfaction was partially mediated by the conflict styles and humour styles was tested. Overall, the predicted relationships among the three measures were supported. Conflict styles and humour styles reflecting attitudes about others were related to the avoidance attachment style, while those reflecting attitudes about the self were related to the anxiety attachment dimension. Conflict styles and humour styles were mediators of the association of attachment style with relationship satisfaction. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
233.
Early individual differences in temperamental reactivity and regulation: implications for effortful control in early childhood 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This longitudinal study tested the hypothesis that early temperament is associated with later effortful control. Fear reactivity and object orientation was assessed in a sample of 53 children at 8, 12, and 16 months during a stranger-approach paradigm and at 4.5 or 5.5 years on a battery of effortful control tasks. A latent growth curve analysis was used to model change in reactivity and object orientation across infancy and the prediction of each on later effortful control. Infants who increased in fear reactivity were significantly more likely to show poor performance on effortful control tasks in early childhood. Findings are discussed with respect to the importance of examining early temperamental precursors that contribute to the development of regulation. 相似文献
234.
Performance-based neuropsychological tests are often used to assess planning and impulse control, but the extent to which these measures reflect trait impulsiveness or specific dimensions of trait impulsiveness is not clear. This study used the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11; [Patton, J. H., Stanford, M. S., & Barratt, E. S. (1995). Factor structure of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51, 768–774.]) to examine the relationship between various dimensions of trait impulsiveness and performance on several executive function tests in healthy young adults. Total BIS-11 scores correlated with performance on measures of planning and impulse control. Higher non-planning impulsiveness scores, which indicate poorer self-control and lower cognitive complexity, correlated most strongly with performance on a maze test that measures planning and impulse control (r = .58). These results provide support for the convergent validity of pencil-and-paper maze-based measures of planning and impulse control. 相似文献
235.
Cosand LD Cavanagh TM Brown AA Courtney CG Rissling AJ Schell AM Dawson ME 《Consciousness and cognition》2008,17(4):1105-1113
There are wide individual differences in the ability to detect a stimulus contingency embedded in a complex paradigm. The present study used a cognitive masking paradigm to better understand individual differences related to contingency learning. Participants were assessed on measures of electrodermal arousal and on working memory capacity before engaging in the contingency learning task. Contingency awareness was assessed both by trial-by-trial verbal reports obtained during the task and by a short post-task recognition questionnaire. Participants who became aware had fewer non-specific skin conductance responses and tended to score higher on a digit span assessment. Skin conductance level was not significantly lower in the aware group than in the unaware group. These findings are consistent with studies showing that lower arousal and greater cognitive processing capacity facilitate conscious perception of a greater breadth of information within a scene or a task. 相似文献
236.
Ashley P. Turner 《Sexuality & culture》2008,12(1):38-44
Our ability to critically analyze the effect of incestuous activity on society is complicated by the fact that such activity
may take place in several different types of relationships, each of which play somewhat different roles within the family
and community. Thus, if we are to analyze this effect in any meaningful manner, we must first take care to differentiate the
various forms of incest from one another, and to study their consequences separately so that any effects due to relationship
status, rather than to incest per se, can be taken into account. We must also ensure that we separate our definition of incest
from that of non-consensual sex—that is, incest that occurs in couples in which one partner is too young to legally consent
should be distinguished from incest that occurs between two consenting adults (i.e. incest per se), and the effects of these
two variants of incest should as well be assessed separately. Using these careful definitions, it can be logically argued
that incest on its own should not be prohibited in modern North American society, as the damage to our freedom that such a
prohibition would entail cannot be justified by what little unambiguous evidence there is to support its case.
相似文献
Ashley P. TurnerEmail: |
237.
Michael H. Fisher Gregory C. Kozlowski Kurtis R. Schaeffer Francis X. Clooney SJ Carl Olson Martha Ann Selby Thomas Forsthoefel Lise F. Vail Rebecca J. Manring Narasingha P. Sil Brian K. Pennington Ashley James Dawson Sarah Hodges Thomas Forsthoefel 《International Journal of Hindu Studies》2002,6(2):199-220
238.
Carolyn Black Becker Glenn Meyer John S. Price Melissa M. Graham Ashley Arsena David A. Armstrong Elizabeth Ramon 《Behaviour research and therapy》2009,47(3):245-253
Evidence-based treatments (EBT) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remain underutilized. Analog research, however, indicates that patients may be more amenable to receiving EBT for PTSD than utilization rates suggest. This study sought to extend previous studies by investigating PTSD treatment preferences among law enforcement individuals (i.e., active duty officers, cadets, criminal justice students). We asked 379 participants, with varying trauma histories, to read a police traumatic event and imagine they had developed PTSD. Participants rated the credibility of six treatment options which they might encounter in a treatment setting, and chose their most and least preferred treatments. Next, they evaluated a widely used debriefing intervention aimed at preventing PTSD. Almost 90% of participants chose exposure or Cognitive Processing Therapy as their first or second most preferred treatment, and they rated these interventions as significantly more credible than the other four treatment options. The sample showed ambivalence regarding the perceived efficacy of debriefing but found the rationale credible. This study supports previous analog research indicating that patients may be more interested in EBT than indicated by utilization rates, and suggests that law enforcement departments should consider offering EBT to officers who develop PTSD. 相似文献
239.
Edward J Daly III Nikki J Wells Michelle S Swanger-Gagné James E Carr Gina M Kunz Ashley M Taylor 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2009,42(3):563-574
The current study examined the accuracy of the multiple-stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessment for identifying preferred common classroom activities as reinforcers with children with behavioral disorders. The accuracy of predictions from the MSWO regarding high, medium, and low stimulus preference was tested by providing contingent access to activities for completing math problems within an independent seatwork format. Overall, there was an interaction effect between preference ranking (high, medium, or low) and number of problems completed. The results confirm and extend previous findings regarding the accuracy of predictions with the MSWO. The findings also reveal, however, some individual differences that may account for instances in which student behavior did not conform to predictions of stimulus preference assessments. 相似文献
240.
Ashley S. Waggoner Elizabeth C. Collins 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2009,45(4):1028-488
Person perception research is dominated by studies of passive perceivers who exert no control over the information they receive. In contrast, perceivers in everyday life can often actively choose the type and quantity of information they receive. In this study, active and yoked passive perceivers formed impressions of individuals based on information from Facebook. Compared to active perceivers, passive perceivers reported greater confidence and ease in their judgments. Passive perceivers exhibited greater confidence (though not greater accuracy) with increased information, but active perceivers did not show this effect, placing a boundary condition on past research. Passive perceivers also liked targets more than active perceivers, a finding that is not explained by valence-dependant sampling by active participants, or by misattribution of fluency or greater sensitivity among passive participants. These provocative findings highlight the need to account for active and interactive processes in person perception rather than continuing to focus on passive perceivers. 相似文献