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151.
Scott O. Lilienfeld Tanya Hess Cherilyn Rowland 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1996,18(3):285-303
A number of authors have proposed that psychopathic individuals possess an abnormally constricted time horizon (i.e., foreshortened sense of the future). This hypothesis was tested among 101 undergraduates, who were administered a battery of (1) self-report indices of psychopathic personality traits, antisocial behavior, and normal-range personality traits; (2) self-report indices of time perspective; (3) projective tests of time perspective; and (4) laboratory tasks assessing time estimation and capacity for foresight and impulse control. Measures of psychopathy/antisocial behavior tended to be negatively correlated with several self-report indices assessing preoccupation with the future and with a projective task assessing the frequency of thoughts concerning future events, although only one of the correlations with this latter task was significant. In most cases these correlations were not attributable to the variance shared by measures of psychopathy/antisocial behavior and measures of (low) anxiety-proneness, although several correlations decreased substantially after levels of harmavoidance were controlled. In contrast, measures of psychopathy/antisocial behavior were negligibly correlated with laboratory tasks. These results provide mixed support for the short time horizon hypothesis and suggest that further attention to the role of method factors in investigations of future time perspective is warranted. 相似文献
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153.
Little MO 《Kennedy Institute of Ethics journal》1996,6(1):1-18
Many have asked how and why feminist theory makes a distinctive contribution to bioethics. In this essay, I outline two ways in which feminist reflection can enrich bioethical studies. First, feminist theory may expose certain themes of androcentric reasoning that can affect, in sometimes crude but often subtle ways, the substantive analysis of topics in bioethics; second, it can unearth the gendered nature of certain basic philosohical concepts that form the working tools of ethical theory. 相似文献
154.
Rev’d Ian StJohn Fisher Ph.D. 《Science and engineering ethics》1996,2(3):335-344
Religion, defined as ‘the idea of a state that transcends ourselves and our world and the working out of the consequences
of that idea’, may influence the ethical thinking of scientists and engineers in two ways. The first is at the level of the
individual and how personal beliefs affect the choice of research, design or development projects, relationships with other
researchers and the understandings of the consequences of research on other aspects of life. The second level is that of the
social and cultural setting in which scientists and engineers work; how society decides which research to sponsor, how to
apply the results of scientific discovery and which technology it chooses to develop and for what purposes. In neither of
these areas is religious belief a necessary condition for scientists and engineers to pursue one course of action rather than
another. The existence of religious belief within the individual and society is, though, part of the ethical framework in
which scientist and engineers work and therefore something to which attention should be paid. Religion provides a particular
perspective on what should be. Conversely science and technology provide information on the nature of the person and the universe
in which we live, which must be taken into account when theologians and religious moralists apply their ethical norms and
principles. 相似文献
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Ignatius J Toner Laura P Moore Pamela K Ashley 《Journal of experimental child psychology》1978,26(1):85-91
The effect of having a child serve as a rule-following model for other children on the model's own subsequent rule-following was investigated in a resistance to deviation situation. First- and second-grade boys (age range 73 to 94 months) who were told they would serve as self-controlling models for others and who actually served in this capacity touched prohibited toys less than did boys who were not told they would serve as models. Boys told they were to serve as models but who were prevented from performing deviated at a level between the models and boys given no responsibility. Having children serve as rule-following models for others is suggested as an effective, non-punitive technique to increase their self-control. 相似文献
160.
John O. Nelson 《The Journal of value inquiry》1978,12(4):292-295