Johannes Klein-Heßling  Arnold Lohaus 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2013,26(3):275-288

The present study investigates whether extended and intensified systematic relaxation training techniques lead to increased short-term and prolonged effects in settings of stress prevention. One hundred and twenty-eight fourth- and sixth-graders (aged 9.6 and 11.6 years, respectively) participated in Imagination or Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR). Extension consisted of a varying number of training sessions (five versus ten), while intensified training contained additional training elements to enhance the transfer to the children's daily life (yes versus no). Age, gender, anxiety, activity level and suggestibility were included as additional variables that were assumed to moderate the effects of the training. Dependent variables indicating short-term training effects included physiological parameters (heart rate, skin conductance level, skin temperature) as well as subjective ratings (mood, physical well-being, training evaluations). Medium-term training effects, measured 1 week and 2 months after the training, were related to stress experiences, somatic stress symptoms, and coping strategies reported by the children. The results do not show considerable short- or medium-term effects of extended or intensified training. In addition, no clear moderator effects were found in the present sample.  相似文献   

    

Dan Arnold 《Philosophy Compass》2008,3(5):1079-1096

Dharmak?rti, elaborating one of the Buddhist tradition's most complete defenses of rebirth, advanced some of this tradition's most explicitly formulated arguments for mind‐body dualism. At the same time, Dharmak?rti himself may turn out to be vulnerable to some of the same kinds of arguments pressed against physicalists. It is revealing, then, that in arguing against physicalism himself, Dharmak?rti does not have available to him what some would judge to be more promising arguments for dualism (arguments, in particular, following Kant's 2nd Critique) – and indeed, that these arguments actually cut against Dharmak?rti's own position. After elaborating and characterizing Dharmak?rti's case for rebirth, then, this article briefly considers an argument that Dharmak?rti cannot himself enlist for this purpose.  相似文献   

    

Roland Breeur  Arnold Burms 《Ratio》2008,21(2):134-146

We describe a number of puzzling phenomena and use them as evidence for a hypothesis about why bodily continuity matters for personal identity. The phenomena all belong to a particular kind of symbolisation: each of them illustrates how an entity (object or person) sometimes acquires symbolic significance in virtue of a material link with the symbolised entity. Relics are the most obvious example of what happens here: they are cherished, desired or respected, not because of their intrinsic features, but because of their material link with some significant individual person. Crucial for the hypothesis we wish to defend, is the fact that a human being can in some cases and for some others function as a relic of what she used to be; in these cases a human individual has a specific significance in virtue of a material link (bodily continuity) with her own past. We argue that this phenomenon can be extended and that the importance of bodily continuity for personal identity is constituted by the kind of symbolisation upon which the existence of relics is based. 1  相似文献   

    

Aaron S. Hervey  John F. Curry  Simon Tonev  L. Eugene Arnold  C. Keith Conners 《Child neuropsychology》2013,19(2):125-140

Differences in reaction time (RT) variability have been documented between children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Most previous research has utilized estimates of normal distributions to examine variability. Using a nontraditional approach, the present study evaluated RT distributions on the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test in children and adolescents from the Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD sample compared to a matched sample of normal controls (n = 65 pairs). The ex-Gaussian curve was used to model RT and RT variability. Children with ADHD demonstrated faster RT associated with the normal portion of the curve and a greater proportion of abnormally slow responses associated with the exponential portion of the curve. These results contradict previous interpretation that children with ADHD have slower than normal responding and demonstrate why slower RT is found when estimates of variability assume normal Gaussian distributions. Further, results of this study suggest that the greater number of abnormally long RTs of children with ADHD reflect attentional lapses on some but not all trials.  相似文献   

    

Arnold Richards 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2008,89(1):199-202

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  总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

Jari J. Hakanen  Arnold B. Bakker  Wilmar B. Schaufeli 《Journal of School Psychology》2006,43(6):495-513

The Job Demands–Resources Model was used as the basis of the proposal that there are two parallel processes involved in work-related well-being among teachers, namely an energetical process (i.e., job demands → burnout → ill health) and a motivational process (i.e., job resources → engagement → organizational commitment). In addition, some cross-links between both processes were hypothesized. Structural equation modeling was used to simultaneously test the hypotheses in a sample of Finnish teachers (N = 2038). The results confirmed the existence of both processes, although the energetical process seems to be more prominent. More specifically, (1) burnout mediated the effect of high job demands on ill health, (2) work engagement mediated the effects of job resources on organizational commitment, and (3) burnout mediated the effects of lacking resources on poor engagement. The robustness of these findings is underscored by the fact that they were obtained in one half of the sample (using random selection) and cross-validated in the other half.  相似文献   

    

Arnold Goldberg 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2004,85(2):301-310

The concept of confidentiality is examined from its absolute position espoused by some psychoanalysts to the many exceptions to this position allowed by others. The suggestion made in this paper is offered as a psychoanalytic one which urges us to see confidentiality as posing risks in both positions, that is, the absolute and the necessary exceptions. Confidentiality is representative of many, if not all, of the rules and methods that are implicit in the conduct of an analysis and thus may well be taken for granted. The suggestion offered is for a periodic re-examination of the implicit background of psychoanalysis.  相似文献   

    

DeLeon IG  Arnold KL  Rodriguez-Catter V  Uy ML 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2003,36(1):101-104

A functional analysis suggested that the bizarre speech of an individual with developmental disabilities was maintained by attention. The content of verbal attention was manipulated in two subsequent analyses and revealed that (a) bizarre speech was more frequent when attention was related to the participant's bizarre speech and (b) the participant's statements tended to reflect the content of the therapist's attention, whether bizarre or nonbizarre.  相似文献   

Graduates' Work Experiences as Predictors of rganisational Commitment, Intention to Leave, and Turnover: Which Experiences Really Matter?     

John Arnold  Kate Mackenzie Davey 《Psychologie appliquee》1999,48(2):211-238

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Mark P Aulisio  Robert M Arnold  Stuart J Youngner 《The Journal of clinical ethics》1999,10(1):3-4

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