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161.
Maria Caterina Silveri Laura Giustolisi Antonio Daniele Guido Gainotti 《Brain and language》1992,43(4):597-612
We described a patient with a dramatic deficit of both word comprehension and naming but with good preservation of visual pictorial semantics. On word-picture matching, his performances were slightly better than expected based on the observed lexical semantic disorder; in addition, the patient, who maintained good preservation of his underlying phonology, showed a tendency to point to the picture phonologically related to the target. In order to interpret these data, we advanced the hypothesis that the patient, in spite of his virtually complete inability to name, would be able, in a word-picture matching task, to "covertly" (i.e., preverbally) retrieve the name from the picture and to use this name to attempt a match with the phonological form of the stimulus word. This mechanism, that we called "phonological" comprehension, would allow the identification of the correct target and would explain the choice of the phonologically related foil that was sometimes selected. 相似文献
162.
The associative network theory of emotion and memory, outlined by Bower (1981), predicts that depressed mood leads to biases which favour the perception of mood-congruent information. In this study, a lexical decision task was used to assess the effects of degree of depression and induced elation and depression on lexical decision times for positive and negative words. Subsequently, subjects were given a recall test for the words presented during the lexical decision task. The results partially offered support for perceptual bias. The data showed that in non-depressed and elation-induced subjects, decision times were differentially affected by hedonic tone. Words of positive nature were responded to significantly faster than were negative words. In mildly depressed and depression-induced, decision times were similar for both types of words (positive and negative). These findings are discussed in relation to the associative network model and a growing amount of empirical research on human emotion and cognition. 相似文献
163.
A brief history of the professionalization of psychology precedes a section of how psychological services became reimbursable. Specific focus is placed on reimbursement for psychological services, especially the distinction between medical and psychiatric diagnoses as well as procedures or services. Specific guidelines for appropriate reimbursement are provided. Future directions for reimbursement for mental health and related services are considered. 相似文献
164.
Bernd Simon Pawel Mlicki Lucy Johnston Antonio Caetano Miroslaw Warowicki Ad Van Knippenberg Richard Deridder 《European journal of social psychology》1990,20(6):519-523
An experiment (n = 61) investigated the effects of ingroup and outgroup homogeneity on ingroup favouritism, stereotyping and the overestimation of relative ingroup size. As predicted, outgroup homogeneity was conducive to ingroup favouritism. Ingroup homogeneity, however, failed to influence ingroup favouritism. Also unexpectedly, asymmetry in group homogeneity — irrespective of whether the ingroup or the outgroup was the more homogeneous group — led to pronounced stereotyping of both groups and to the overestimation of relative ingroup size. 相似文献
165.
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167.
K. Daniel O'Leary Diana Vivian Antonio Nisi 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1985,13(4):485-500
Prevalence rates of hyperactivity in Italy using commonly accepted cutoff scores in the United States were 20% for boys and 3% for girls;the combined prevalence rate was 12%. Italian children exhibited rates of hyperactive behaviors similar to those of children in New Zealand, Spain, and portions of the United States. Nevertheless, rates of hyperactivity are influenced by ethnic and cultural factors, and differences in prevalence rates may be expected in many situations. Factor structures of the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale for boys and girls were different. The need for separate factor analyses for males and females is stressed;hyperactivity and conduct problems, in fact, were separate factors for girls whereas such behaviors were subsumed under one factor for boys. There were also important similarities and differences with the factor structures for boys and girls in Italy and Spain. Methodological issues such as complete specification of the sample and assuring representativeness of samples are discussed.The authors give special thanks to John Richters III and Julian Barling, who aided in the computer analysis of these data; Susan O'Leary, who gave substantive and editorial feedback; and Julian Barling and Ileana Arias, who provided helpful editorial comments. 相似文献
168.
Antonio Capuano 《Pacific Philosophical Quarterly》2019,100(4):1091-1110
169.
Moretti R Torre P Antonello RM Cazzato G Bava A Manos PJ 《Perceptual and motor skills》2005,100(1):207-216
The Ten-point Clock Test can be used to identify early forms of Alzheimer's disease because it is reliable, well accepted, and easily administered at the bedside. Nevertheless, its clinical role in the detection of early dementia and its correlations with other cognitive processes is still under investigation. Vascular dementia is an uncertain nosological entity, in which unevenly distributed patterns of cognitive deficits comprising slowing of cognitive processing and impairment of executive function occur. The present study assessed how the Clock Test scores correlated with a number of other neuropsychological and functional tests in a sample of 144 patients with vascular dementia, who were followed for a period of 24 mo. At baseline, at 12 mo. and at 24 mo. subjects were administered a battery of tests, including the Mini-Mental State Examination, word fluency, visuospatial skills, an evaluation of hetero- and autotopognosia (knowledge of self), the Proverbs Test, and the Ten-point Clock Test. For these patients scores on the Clock Test correlated significantly with semantic abilities, with abstract reasoning capacities, visuospatial perception, and with right and left recognition. 相似文献
170.
The Relation of Pro‐Sociality to Self‐Esteem: The Mediational Role of Quality of Friendships 下载免费PDF全文
Antonio Zuffianò Nancy Eisenberg Guido Alessandri Bernadette Paula Luengo Kanacri Concetta Pastorelli Michela Milioni Gian Vittorio Caprara 《Journal of personality》2016,84(1):59-70
The present longitudinal study examined the role of quality of friendship in mediating the relation of pro‐sociality to self‐esteem over time. Participants were 424 Italian young adults (56% females) assessed at two waves (Mage = 21.1 at Time 1; Mage = 25 at Time 2). An autoregressive cross‐lagged panel model was used to test the mediational model. Self‐ and friend‐report measures of pro‐sociality, quality of friendship, and self‐esteem were included in the analyses. Results were in line with the hypothesized paths, with quality of friendship mediating the relation of pro‐sociality to later self‐esteem above and beyond its high stability. Self‐esteem, in turn, predicted pro‐sociality 4 years later. Overall, the present findings support the potential benefits of behaving pro‐socially for an actor in terms of increased perceived self‐worth and also expand previous work by outlining the specific mediational role of the quality of friendships. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed. 相似文献