全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5613篇 |
免费 | 245篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 50篇 |
2020年 | 80篇 |
2019年 | 96篇 |
2018年 | 146篇 |
2017年 | 173篇 |
2016年 | 170篇 |
2015年 | 112篇 |
2014年 | 135篇 |
2013年 | 681篇 |
2012年 | 220篇 |
2011年 | 213篇 |
2010年 | 144篇 |
2009年 | 148篇 |
2008年 | 218篇 |
2007年 | 219篇 |
2006年 | 162篇 |
2005年 | 184篇 |
2004年 | 158篇 |
2003年 | 153篇 |
2002年 | 155篇 |
2001年 | 65篇 |
2000年 | 74篇 |
1999年 | 75篇 |
1998年 | 97篇 |
1997年 | 71篇 |
1996年 | 69篇 |
1995年 | 65篇 |
1994年 | 68篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 72篇 |
1990年 | 52篇 |
1989年 | 59篇 |
1988年 | 60篇 |
1987年 | 45篇 |
1986年 | 60篇 |
1985年 | 57篇 |
1984年 | 73篇 |
1983年 | 60篇 |
1982年 | 58篇 |
1981年 | 59篇 |
1980年 | 62篇 |
1979年 | 54篇 |
1978年 | 63篇 |
1977年 | 67篇 |
1976年 | 62篇 |
1975年 | 66篇 |
1974年 | 56篇 |
1973年 | 72篇 |
1970年 | 45篇 |
1968年 | 44篇 |
排序方式: 共有5861条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Anthony J. Cuvo Paula K. Davis Mark F. O'Reilly Brenda M. Mooney Ruth Crowley 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1992,25(2):477-489
We assessed whether written task analyses would serve as textual prompts for performing functional tasks by persons with mild disabilities. Several variables that could influence the effectiveness of textual prompts to promote stimulus control were examined across four groups. A consistent finding was that written specific task analyses combined with end-of-trial performance feedback were effective for promoting the acquisition and generalization of several tasks. Performance transferred immediately to natural discriminative stimuli when the written task analyses and feedback were withdrawn for most tasks and participants. For 2 participants, transfer of stimulus control was accomplished by prompt fading, using individualized written task analyses either with or without performance feedback (Group 1). When feedback was not provided, the effectiveness of written specific task analyses was inconsistent across groups. In contrast to the controlling effects of written specific task analyses, written generic task analyses, which specified only major task outcomes, when combined with performance feedback (Group 1) did not control responding. Overall, this research demonstrated the effectiveness of written specific task analyses and performance feedback to promote stimulus control for persons with mild disabilities. 相似文献
32.
Observers classified sine-wave and square-wave gratings on the basis of fundamental frequency (Are the bars wide or narrow?) or on the basis of higher harmonic frequencies (Are the bars sharp or fuzzy?). Stimuli were presented in either the left (LVF) or right (RVF) visual field. When the classification was made on the basis of the fundamental frequencies (1 or 3 c/deg), there was a LVF/right hemisphere advantage. However, when the classification was on the basis of a sharp/fuzzy distinction which involved searching for the higher harmonic frequencies, then a RVF/left hemisphere advantage was found. 相似文献
33.
Bernard Balleine Anthony Dickinson 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B: Comparative and Physiological Psychology》1992,45(4):285-301
We have previously reported that conditioning an aversion to the reinforcer using an isotonic lithium chloride (LiCl) solution following instrumental training reduces performance in a subsequent extinction test only if animals are re-exposed to the reinforcer prior to the test. Rescorla (1992), in contrast, reported an immediate devaluation effect using a hypertonic LiCl solution that did not depend upon re-exposure. In two experiments we examined the effect of using a hypertonic LiCl solution to condition the aversion to the reinforcer on subsequent instrumental performance in extinction, with and without re-exposure. In Experiment 1 thirsty rats were trained to press a lever for a sucrose solution before being injected with 0.6 M LiCl either immediately or after a delay. Half of the immediate and delay groups were then re-exposed to the sucrose in the absence of the lever, with the remainder being exposed to water. Contrary to the previously reported effects of isotonic LiCl, a hypertonic solution induced a reinforcer devaluation effect in all the immediately poisoned animals, which did not depend upon re-exposure to the reinforcer. In Experiment 2 the possibility that this devaluation effect was induced by the discomfort associated with the hypertonicity of the solution was assessed by replicating Experiment 1 but, in addition, using two immediately poisoned groups given the LiCl injection under anaesthesia. In the absence of anaesthesia, the devaluation effect observed without re-exposure to the reinforcer in Experiment 1 was replicated. When the injection was given under anaesthesia, however, a reinforcer devaluation effect was observed only in animals that were re-exposed to the reinforcer prior to the extinction test. These results were interpreted as evidence that a reinforcer devaluation effect induced by pairing the reinforcer with illness depends upon a process of incentive learning, whereas a devaluation effect mediated by learning a signalling relationship between the reinforcer and somatic discomfort does not. 相似文献
34.
Much of the methodology in stress research focuses on stress manifestation and organismic reactions to life’s crises. In contrast,
the present study sought to identify the major sources of stress and the nature of those sources. The results revealed a consistent
pattern in high and low stressors throughout the 3-year period of the study, and differences only of intensity between males
and females, not type of stress. Except for individuals’ temporal variations in critical events, the highest stressors for
the groups were external, primarily financial and time management. Internal sources, such as personal relationships and self-absorption,
were typically the lowest concerns. Everyday problems arising from current life styles seem to be significant sources of stress. 相似文献
35.
The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effectiveness of a brief test user orientation program on increasing service station managers' familiarity with a few key employment testing issues, including their familiarity with theModel Guidelines for Preemployment Integrity Testing Programs. The obtained results reveal that even a brief orientation program was able to significantly increase the managers' stated degree of familiarity with testing issues. 相似文献
36.
J. Anthony Blair 《Argumentation》1992,6(2):203-217
Premissary relevance is a property of arguments understood as speech act complexes. It is explicable in terms of the idea of a premise's lending support to a conclusion. Premissary relevance is a function of premises belonging to a set which authoritatively warrants an inference to a conclusion. An authoritative inference warrant will have associated with it a conditional proposition which is true— that is to say, which can be justified. The study of the Aristotelian doctrine of topoi or argument schemes may contribute to the task of identifying authoritative warrants. 相似文献
37.
Parent-tutoring procedures: Experimental analysis and validation of generalization in oral reading across passages,settings, and time 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Steven F. Duvall Ph.D. Joseph C. Delquadri Ph.D. Marlene Elliott Ph.D. R. Vance Hall Ph.D. 《Journal of Behavioral Education》1992,2(3):281-303
A study that involved parents as reading tutors was carried out at home during the summer with four elementary children, three with learning disabilities. One purpose was to determine the effects of tutoring in the basal reader on reading rates at home. Another purpose was to determine potential generalization effects as a result of parent tutoring on different academic tasks at home and, later at school, on different and similar tasks. A combination multiple-baseline and reversal design tested for replication and generalization effects. Increases in correct rates were noted for the targeted variables across conditions. The results indicated that parents tutoring with school basal texts during the summer produced marked increases in reading rates that generalized at home to different academic tasks and at school to different and similar tasks. This suggests that parents, when using specific tutoring procedures, can increase their children's academic skills. 相似文献
38.
39.
J. A. Joseph 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1992,27(3):216-227
One of the hallmarks of the aging process is a loss of sensitivity in central neuronal receptors to agonist stimulation. This
appears to be especially true in central (hippocampal, striatal) muscarinic cholinergic systems and in the striatal dopamine
systems. For these two systems, any decline in their sensitivity can be of extreme importance in determining the behavioral
capabilities of the organism. Decrements in the striatal dopamine system may be reflected as motor behavioral deficits, while
the central cholinergic systems play a major role in the processing of memory through the activation of muscarinic receptors
(mAChR). Declines in the function of these receptors appear to be at least partially responsible for the marked deterioration
of cognitive function in normal aging and, more notably, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous work has indicated only minimal
success in improving performance in tasks that assess memory in senescent animals or humans with pharmacological agents which
enhance cholinergic functioning. The present review describes research that indicates that two of the factors involved in
this decline in receptor sensitivity include: (a) decreased receptor concentrations and (b) age-related decrements in signal
transduction pathways. Studies are reviewed that indicate that the oxidative neural damage that occurs via kainic acid or
ionizing radiation parallel those seen in aging. It is suggested that the common mechanism that may exist among all of the
age-, disease-, excitatory amino acid- or radiation-induced deficits in neuronal transmission may involve free-radical-mediated
alterations in membrane integrity through lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
40.