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121.
During the fall of 2001 (October 22–25), The Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (NRPA) and the Agricultural University
of Norway arranged a consensus conference on the protection of the environment against ionising radiation. The motive for
the conference was the need to study the ethical and philosophical basis for protection of nature in its own right. The conference
was funded by Nordic Nuclear Safety Research (NKS), in cooperation with the International Union of Radioecology (IUR). The
National Committee for Research Ethics in Science and Technology (NENT) was hired as facilitators for the consensus process.
This paper will give a brief outline of the aims and method of the conference, distinguishing these from other kinds of consensus
conferences. The paper ends with some general reflections on the appropriateness of seeking consensus on ethics-related issues
among experts. 相似文献
122.
123.
Hurricane Andrew: Psychological distress among shelter victims 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
David N. Sattler Jerome M. Sattler Charles Kaiser Beverly A. Hamby Mary G. Adams Laura Love Jacqueline Winkler Claudia Abu-Ukkaz Barrett Watts Ann Beatty 《International journal of stress management》1995,2(3):133-143
This study examined psychological distress and functioning among Hurricane Andrew victims who lost their homes and were living in shelters. Four and one-half weeks after Hurricane Andrew struck southern Florida, 89 (45 males, 44 females) Blacks, Hispanics, and Whites completed a questionnaire. The questionnaire asked for information about psychological and psychophysiological symptoms, use of mental health services, coping responses, and extent of preparation for the storm. The findings suggest that loss of home and property were related to distress and depression. About one-quarter of the sample were moderately depressed. Over one-third of the sample reported experiencing psychological and psychophysiological distress. Approximately one-half of the subjects did not take the hurricane warnings seriously. White subjects began preparing earlier for the storm, and evacuated their homes more frequently than did Black subjects. Implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed. 相似文献
124.
The time until an approaching object will pass an observer (time to passage, or TTP) is optically specified by a global flow field even in the absence of local expansion or size cues. Kaiser and Mowafy (1993) have demonstrated that observers are in fact sensitive to this global flow information. The present studies investigate two factors that are usually ignored in work related to TTP: (1) non-constant motion functions and (2) concomitant eye rotation. Non-constant velocities violate an assumption of some TTP derivations, and eye rotations may complicate heading extraction. Such factors have practical significance, for example, in the case of a pilot accelerating an aircraft or executing a roll. In our studies, a flow field of constant-sized stars was presented monocularly on a large screen. TTP judgments had to be made on the basis of one target star. The flow field varied in its acceleration pattern and its roll component. Observers did not appear to utilize acceleration information. In particular, TTPs with decelerating motion were consistently underestimated. TTP judgments were fairly robust with respect to roll, even when roll axis and track vector were decoupled. However, substantial decoupling between heading and track vector led to a decrement in performance, in both the presence and the absence of roll. 相似文献
125.
Vitulli WF Kaiser GA Maranto DL Blake SE Storey TM McPherson KP Luper SL 《Perceptual and motor skills》1999,88(1):281-291
Acetaminophen (N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol) was administered intraperitoneally to 15 Sprague-Dawley rats partitioned into 3 studies (5 rats per study) using a within subjects, repeated-measures reversal design. Behavioral thermoregulation was assessed in a cold Skinner Box using 5-sec. exposures of microwave radiation [Specific Absorption Rate = 0.34 Watts/kg/(mW/cm2)] as reinforcing stimuli under a fixed-interval 2-min. schedule of positive reinforcement. Doses of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/kg (in solutions of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) acetaminophen showed stable rates of operant responding for heat compared with significant changes in rates for comparable doses of aspirin in a 1993 study by Vitulli, et al. Weight reductions and temperature increases varied significantly with before-session and after-session measures, respectively. 1994-95 biochemical data of Murphy, et al. from humans following aspirin or acetaminophen ingestion which affect thermoregulation and sleep patterns are discussed in conjunction with behavioral data from rats. 相似文献
126.
Jo M. Hendrickson Nancy Gardner Ann Kaiser Ann Riley 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1993,26(2):213-225
We used a multiple baseline design across teachers (with a reversal phase for 1 teacher) to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of a structured coaching procedure on the teaching behaviors of 3 day-care teachers. Structured coaching preceding daily caregiver routines resulted in (a) substantial increases in adult delivery of behavioral support of social interaction during group activities with 2- and 4-year-old children and (b) marked collateral increases in positive interactions of socially withdrawn children. Long-term maintenance effects were demonstrated by both the teachers and target children, and social validity measures indicated that the teachers rated coaching very positively on several dimensions. The results are discussed in relation to in-service training of day-care staff, the concept of coaching as a setting event, and the dissemination of teaching technology related to social interaction of young children. 相似文献
127.
The formula for coefficient alpha for a component is developed. Kaiser's special formula for coefficient alpha for a principal component and the Kaiser-Guttman Rule for the "number of components" are mentioned. A numerical example is added. It is conjectured that the sum of coefficients alpha is invariant under orthogonal rotation. 相似文献
128.
Professor Henry F. Kaiser 《Psychometrika》1976,41(3):295-300
Following the work of Tucker, Cooper, and Meredith, image and anti-image covariance matrices from a correlation matrix that may be singular are derived. 相似文献
129.
Metamorphosis of the Mushroom Bodies; Large-Scale Rearrangements of the Neural Substrates for Associative Learning and Memory in Drosophila 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
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J. Douglas Armstrong J. Steven de Belle Zongsheng Wang Kim Kaiser 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》1998,5(1):102-114
Paired brain centers known as mushroom bodies are key features of the circuitry for insect associative learning, especially when evoked by olfactory cues. Mushroom bodies have an embryonic origin, and unlike most other brain structures they exhibit developmental continuity, being prominent components of both the larval and the adult CNS. Here, we use cell-type-specific markers, provided by the P{GAL4} enhancer trap system, to follow specific subsets of mushroom body intrinsic and extrinsic neurons from the larval to the adult stage. We find marked structural differences between the larval and adult mushroom bodies, arising as the consequence of large-scale reorganization during metamorphosis. Extensive, though incomplete, degradation of the larval structure is followed by establishment of adult specific α and β lobes. Kenyon cells of embryonic origin, by contrast, were found to project selectively to the adult γ lobe. We propose that the γ lobe stores information of relevance to both developmental stages, whereas the α and β lobes have uniquely adult roles. 相似文献
130.
Three properties of the binormamin criterion for analytic transformation in factor analysis are discussed. Particular reference is made to Carroll's oblimin class of criteria.The research reported in this note was supported in part by the Program in Applied Mathematics and Statistics. National Science Foundation, and by the National Institute of Education, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. 相似文献