Sun Mi Kim MD  Ji Hyun Baek MD  Doug Hyun Han MD  PhD  Young Sik Lee MD  PhD  Deborah A. Yurgelun‐Todd PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2015,45(4):477-487

We determined risk factors that discriminate between suicide attempt (SA) adolescents and suicidal ideation only (SI only) adolescents using data from the 2010 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web‐based Survey (12–19 years; N = 73,238). In males, heavy alcohol use, drug use, and high perceived sadness/hopelessness showed significant effects on the presence of SA versus the presence of SI only. In females, along with these variables, low academic achievement, poor perceived health status, high perceived stress, and unhealthy coping strategy were also significantly related to the presence of SA versus SI only. Therefore, clinical interventions targeting adolescents' psychological distress are warranted to prevent suicide.  相似文献   

    

Elaine M. McMahon PhD  Paul Corcoran PhD  Helen Keeley MD  MRCPsych  Ivan J. Perry MD  PhD  Ella Arensman PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(6):634-645

Exposure to suicidal behavior of others was examined among 3,881 Irish adolescents in the Child and Adolescent Self‐harm in Europe (CASE) study. One third of the sample had been exposed to suicidal behavior, and exposed adolescents were eight times more likely to also report own self‐harm. Exposed adolescents shared many risk factors with those reporting own self‐harm. Those reporting both exposure and own self‐harm presented the most maladaptive profile on psychological, life event, and lifestyle domains, but neither anxiety nor depression distinguished this group. Exposed adolescents are burdened by a wide range of risk factors and in need of support.  相似文献   

    

Ingo W. Nader MSc  MEng  Thomas Niederkrotenthaler MD  PhD  MMSc  Anne H. E. Schild MSc  Ingrid Koller PhD  Ulrich S. Tran DSc  MSc  Nestor D. Kapusta MD  PhD  Gernot Sonneck MD  Martin Voracek DSc  DMSc  PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(2):174-184

Knowledge about suicide postvention (KSPV) is an important distal outcome in the evaluation of suicide prevention programs that focus on the bereaved. However, most scales are specifically tailored to the evaluation study in question and psychometric properties are often unsatisfactory. Therefore, we developed the KSPV scale. Scale properties were investigated with Rasch trees, a newly developed method in the framework of item response theory. Additionally, we provide cues for convergent validity. In summary, the scale shows satisfactory properties for assessing KSPV and could be used to evaluate suicide postvention programs more effectively.  相似文献   

    

Hong Jin Jeon MD  PhD  Jin Pyo Hong MD  PhD  Maurizio Fava MD  David Mischoulon MD  PhD  Maren Nyer PhD  Aya Inamori BA  Jee Hoon Sohn MD  Sujeong Seong MD  Maeng Je Cho MD  PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(6):598-610

Although previous studies have shown that childhood parental death influences suicide attempts of their offspring, few studies have examined influence of gender and age at exposure. Koreans show the third highest suicide rate in the world, and many children and adolescents lost their parents during and after the Korean War. A total of 12,532 adults, randomly selected through a one‐person‐per‐household method, completed the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and questionnaire for suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt (response rate 80.2%). A total of 2,332 subjects experienced biological parental death in childhood (18.6%). Male suicide attempts were associated with age of exposure to maternal death from 0 to 4 years (adjusted OR = 4.48, 95% CI 1.32–15.18) and from 5 to 9 years (adjusted OR = 5.52, 95% CI 1.97–16.46), but not with paternal death, after adjusting for age, education years, marital status, monthly income, and psychiatric comorbidities. Female suicide attempts were associated with paternal death from 5 to 9 years (adjusted OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.13–4.27), but not with maternal death. Childhood parental death is significantly associated with lifetime suicide attempt in the opposite‐gender offspring, especially when exposure occurs before age 10.  相似文献   

    

Collin L. Davidson PhD  Kimberly A. Babson PhD  Marcel O. Bonn‐Miller PhD  Tasha Souter MD  Steven Vannoy PhD  MPH 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(3):279-289

Suicide has a large public health impact. Although effective interventions exist, the many people at risk for suicide cannot access these interventions. Exercise interventions hold promise in terms of reducing suicide because of their ease of implementation. While exercise reduces depression, and reductions in depressive symptoms are linked to reduced suicidal ideation, no studies have directly linked exercise and suicide risk. The current study examined this association, including potential mediators (i.e., sleep disturbance, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and depression), in a sample of Veterans. SEM analyses revealed that exercise was directly and indirectly associated with suicide risk. Additionally, exercise was associated with fewer depressive symptoms and better sleep patterns, each of which was, in turn, related to lower suicide risk.  相似文献   

    

Jaimie L. Gradus DSc  MPH  Jillian C. Shipherd PhD  Michael K. Suvak PhD  Hannah L. Giasson BA  Matthew Miller MD  ScD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(1):39-49

Suicidal behavior among military personnel is of paramount public health importance because of the increased risk of death from suicide in this population. Pre‐ and post‐Marine recruit training risk factors for suicide attempts among current and former Marines were examined in 10 years following recruit training. The characteristics of the subsample of current and former Marines who died by suicide during this time are also described. Stressful and traumatic life events (e.g., childhood physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, sexual harassment during recruit training) and pre‐recruit training suicide attempts emerged as having strong associations with post‐recruit training attempts. Half of those who died by suicide in the 10 years following recruit training endorsed at least one significant life stressor prior to joining the Marines. This study highlights the importance of screening for stressful and potentially traumatic experiences occurring both before and during military service as part of a comprehensive suicide risk assessment in military samples.  相似文献   

    

Radzikowski C 《Science and engineering ethics》2006,12(1):103-110

The use of experimental animals, mostly rodents, in biomedical research and especially in oncology and immunology should be acknowledged with respect, recognizing the contribution of animal experimentation in the fascinating scientific progress in these disciplines of research. It is an obligation of the investigator to justify the scientific and ethical aspects of each study requiring the use of animals. The international guiding principles for using animals in biomedical research are well defined and have been distributed worldwide by the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS) since 1956, when this Organization was founded. In Poland the ICLAS philosophy and principles are highly respected and were implemented firstly by the members of the Commission on Biology of Experimental Animals appointed in 1962 by the Department of Medical Science of the Polish Academy of Science in Warsaw. Animal Protection Acts, first proclaimed in 1928 were gradually modified and improved. Actual legislation (enacted in 1997, 2003 and 2005) is consistent with EU Directives (86/609/EEC) and follows the internationally recommended principles that include ICLAS guidelines concerning animal welfare and care condition in biomedical research. The problem of “alternative methods” is briefly discussed. Dr. Donald Boisvert, CCAC — Canadian Council on Animal Care A lecture on the subject of this paper was presented at the 6th International Bioethics Conference entitled ‘The Responsible Conduct of Basic and Clinical Research’, held in Warsaw, Poland, 3–4 June 2005. The author is the National Representative of Polish Academy of Science to the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS) and a Member of the ICLAS Governing Board.  相似文献   

    

Mordecai Kaffman MD  Esther Elizur PhD  Sheryl Shoham MA  Nina Gilead-Roelofs MA  Leah Shefatya MA 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1989,11(3):189-211

About two-thirds of a representative sample of kibbutz divorced subjects reached a satisfactory emotional and functioning level of adjustment with a high degree of cooperation between the exspouses by the second postseparation year. This outcome appears to be positively influenced both by a process of habituation and desensitization determined by the continuous physical proximity of the former spouses and by the neutralization of parenting and economic issues as subjects for dispute and litigation.  相似文献   

    

Anna B. Flynn MHS  Renee M. Johnson PhD  MPH  Shay‐Lee Bolton BSc  MSc  PhD  Ramin Mojtabai MD  PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2016,46(4):457-470

Higher rates of attempted suicide have been documented among people who identify themselves as gay, lesbian, and bisexual (LGB) compared with heterosexuals. This study sought to ascertain the association between childhood abuse and neglect and attempted suicide, comparing LGBs and heterosexuals. Childhood sexual abuse among men and childhood sexual and physical abuse among women were found to mediate the association between LGB identity and attempted suicide. The experience of childhood abuse likely plays a significant role in the relationship between LGB identity and attempted suicide, but other factors such as experience of discrimination are also important.  相似文献   

    

John P. Pestian PhD  Jacqueline Grupp‐Phelan MD  Kevin Bretonnel Cohen PhD  Gabriel Meyers LSW  Linda A. Richey LSW  Pawel Matykiewicz MS  Michael T. Sorter MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2016,46(2):154-159

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