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2.
Dirk Richter 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1994,15(3):253-265
Since existentialism lost its influence in philosophy in the 1960s, postmodern theory has taken over criticizing basic concepts of western thought. From a postmodern point of view, the main shortcomings of existentialism is that it criticizes traditional unitarian concepts, while re-inventing new unitarian models. Against these unitarian approaches postmodernism holds that the world can only be described in terms of difference. In this article the postmodern program and its differences from existentialism are explained in reference to three concepts of western philosophy: subject, truth, and ethics. Applying these concepts, the relevance of postmodernism for medical theory is illustrated. 相似文献
3.
G E Kühne J U Grünes W Knorr L Perina H Richter U Rommel R Sorger H St?ck N Waldow 《Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie》1978,30(2):104-115
The antidepressants desipramine and imipramine were compared within the framework of a multiclinical study performed under the conditions of a controlled clinical experiment. There has been found a time-different remission of affective symptoms, which was not detectable for the inhibition of drive. The tachythymoleptic action of desipramine is discussed with reference to these results. Evaluation of the possibility of controlling affects shows different ranges of activity of desipramine and imipramine, with desipramine influencing especially negative psychoenergetic symptoms in the area of drives and emotions and imipramine, restrictive symptoms in addition to differential phenomena of the psychomotor expression. 相似文献
4.
G E Kühne R Beier M Heim W Knorr L Perina H Richter V Rossberg R Sorger N Waldow 《Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie》1979,31(4):203-212
The antidepressants trimipramine and imipramine were compared within the framework of a multiclinical study performed under the conditions of a controlled clinical experiment. There has been found a time-different remission of affective und psychomotoric symptoms. The panthymoleptic action of trimipramine and other antidepressants is discussed with reference to these results. Trimipramine influences psychotic states, especially if in depression anxiety is combined with agitation, also in hypochondriac forms of depression. 相似文献
5.
Two experiments were simultaneously conducted in which two different groups of 40 rats each were exposed to one of two different stressors. In both experiments half the subjects were pretreated with shock, half with underwater exposure. For each pretreatment stressor, half the subjects were allowed to escape, the other half were not. The experiments differed in the test task used. Approximately 24 hr after pretreatment, one-half the subjects from each pretreatment group received 20 water-escape trials in an underwater maze, the other half received 20 shock-escape trials in a two-way shuttle box. The subjects in each of the inescapable pretreatment conditions were slower to escape in the subsequent shock-escape and water-escape tasks when compared with subjects in the corresponding escapable pretreatment condition. The “learned helplessness” effect appeared to be no smaller when aversive stimuli were changed between pretreatment and test than when they remained the same. 相似文献
6.
Deborah J. Weatherston Robert P. Boger Richard A. Richter 《Infant mental health journal》1983,4(4):309-315
This paper describes the development of the volunteer component of the Perinatal Positive Parenting program—a program for parents of firstborns who deliver at the William Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak, Michigan. Effective parenting volunteer service requires energy, interest, and an extraordinary commitment to healthy family relationships. Principles which assure a high level of commitment to the Perinatal Positive Parenting Program are discussed. Recruitment, training, supervision, and evaluation dimensions which specifically support this commitment are also examined. 相似文献
7.
Robert P. Boger Richard Richter Ruben Kurnetz Bruce Haas 《Infant mental health journal》1986,7(2):132-145
In an earlier article (Boger, Richter, & Weatherston, 1983) the Perinatal Positive Parenting Program (PPP) was outlined. The basic tenets of the PPP program were discussed, and an overview of the in-hospital, at-home, and parents' support group components was provided. This article presents the results of a 15-month follow-up evaluation of treatment and control participants in the initial PPP demonstration. 相似文献
8.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder and the five-factor model of personality: distinction and overlap with major depressive disorder 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Research on individual differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has focused largely on analogue models with participants experiencing sub-clinical obsessions and/or compulsions. Few studies have examined the association between normal, dimensional personality traits and obsessive-compulsive symptomatology in a clinical sample. The purpose of this study was to examine personality differences in patients with a primary diagnosis of OCD (n = 98) or major depression (n = 98) using the domains and facets of the five-factor model of personality (FFM). Patients completed the self-report version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R). When contrasted with community controls (Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual, Psychological Assessment Resources, Odessa, FL, 1992), participants with OCD were found to differ across the domains (and facets) of neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness and the facets of openness and agreeableness. Further, when compared to depressed participants, those with OCD were found to be more extraverted, agreeable, conscientious and less neurotic. With the exception of the conscientiousness domain (and facets), these significant differences were maintained even after controlling for depression severity. These results highlight the unique associations between trait domains and facets of the FFM and OCD. 相似文献
9.
MMPI-2 scores of 307 female and 161 male chronic pain patients were analyzed by gender using a multivariate clustering method. Two subgroups were found for both sexes replicating previous results. The major subgroup corresponded to the classical "Conversion V" and the minor corresponded to the "Generally elevated" profile. The results also indicated a satisfactory internal consistency and a high discriminant validity of the Swedish version of the MMPI-2. 相似文献
10.
A joint impact hypothesis on symptom experience is introduced that specifies the role of negative mood and self-focus, which have been considered independently in previous research. Accordingly, negative affect only promotes symptom experience when people simultaneously focus their attention on the self. One correlational study and 4 experiments supported this prediction: Only negative mood combined with self-focus facilitated the experience (see the self-reports in Studies 1, 2a, & 2b) and the accessibility (lexical decisions, Stroop task in Studies 3 & 4) of physical symptoms, whereas neither positive mood nor negative mood without self-focus did. Furthermore, the joint impact of negative mood and self-focused attention on momentary symptom experience remained significant after controlling for the influence of dispositional symptom reporting and neuroticism. 相似文献