Participant Reactivity in an Exhibition: The Effect of Overt Observation on Engagement Times

Participant reactivity was examined in a section of the National Park Center Multimar Wattforum in Tönning, Germany, which combines aquariums with exhibits typical of museums and science centers. Engagement times with exhibits were compared between cued and uncued visitors. Cued visitors were overtly observed. Some were also prompted before the observation period to think aloud. Data were collected by paper-and-pencil timing and tracking. Participants spent approximately 15?min in the observation section. Reactivity was not significant for overtly observed cued visitors unless they were asked to think aloud. In this case, reactivity depended on the type of exhibit. Reactivity was high for information stations, moderate for interactive stations, and low for aquariums. The results indicate that reactivity effects are negligible for overt observation if after the cueing no further interaction between participants and observers takes place but increase considerably even with minimal interaction.     

Schmerzmanagement bei fortgeschrittener Demenz

Typischerweise liegen bei geriatrischen Patienten mehrere Erkrankungen gleichzeitig vor, die sich wechselseitig in ihrem Verlauf, aber auch in ihrer symptomatischen Auswirkung, beeinflussen. Dies gilt besonders für Zusammentreffen chronischer Schmerzen mit einer Demenz.     

Analytische philosophie des geistes

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Serial murderers' spatial decisions: factors that influence crime location choice

The outcome of German serial murderer spatial decision making was measured as the straight‐line distance (km) between murderer home locations and each crime location (i.e. body recovery location). Geographic and series development data, as well as information on age, intelligence, motive, marital status, employment status, and mode of transportation of 53 German serial murderers was collected from police and prosecution service files and judicial verdict records. Potential effects of the aforementioned factors on spatial decisions were assessed. Results showed that 63% of the murderers lived within 10 km of their crime locations. Home‐to‐crime distance was negatively correlated with murderer age and positively correlated with murderer IQ score. Results also showed that the mode of transportation used by murderers had an effect on their spatial decisions. Results are discussed in terms of understanding serial murderer spatial decision‐making and implications for police investigations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.