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931.
Prof. Dr. J��rgen K?rner 《Psychotherapeut》2011,56(2):110-117
The author characterizes with the help of several examples different types of interpretations: interpretations ??in?? the transference, interpretations outside transference and reconstructive interpretations. He describes how a transference topic is to be reconstructed not as much by analogies but rather by the use by the analyst, that means by countertransference. The aim of psychoanalytic treatment to make unconscious motives conscious should allow the patient a greater freedom of action, but at the same time it expects more responsibility for him. 相似文献
932.
Dr. Oliver K?nig 《Psychotherapeut》2011,56(4):287-296
The prominence of the different methods of working in and with groups, especially group analysis, group dynamics and psychodrama, came to a peak during the cultural changes of the 1960s and 1970s. This applied both to the therapeutic and educational fields and then more and more also to business and administration but since then is slowly fading in all fields. The reasons for this development, specifically in the German speaking countries, are discussed in six theses. The arguments relate to: 1) the differentiation of the psychosocial field, 2) the (successful) diffusion of these methods, 3) the intermezzo character of their success, 4) the inability to modernize, 5) the ambivalent consequences of modernization and 6) the changes in the cultural significance of the group. 相似文献
933.
An investigation of the psychometric properties of the German version of the Group Questionnaire (GQ; Krogel 2009) is described. The GQ is a self-report instrument economically enabling the assessment of helpful aspects of relationships within small groups. Due to the limited length of the questionnaire it provides a tool of monitoring bonding to the group, the quality of the working relationship as well as negative aspects during group treatment. One advantage of the GQ is that it measures relationships on three different relational levels (group members, group leader and the group as a whole). Following a test of the multidimensional structure of the GQ-D using data from a multisite study (N=438) with structural equation models, the GQ-D was validated using other process measures. The GQ-D proved to be an objective, valid and reliable measure to assess relevant therapeutic relationships within groups. 相似文献
934.
Dumenci L Achenbach TM Windle M 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2011,33(1):3-10
Rating scales are often used to measure behavioral constructs. Yet, different informants’ ratings may not necessarily agree.
The situational specificity (SS) perspective postulates that discrepancies between ratings by different informants are primarily
attributable to contextual behavior of the people being rated. The multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) perspective, however, attributes
discrepancies between informants to rater bias, i.e., each informant provides a systematically distorted picture of the person
being rated. Similarly, the Attribution-Bias-Context (ABC) perspective also attributes informant discrepancies to systematic
biases. Within the context of measuring hierarchical constructs, we proposed a hybrid perspective that takes account of variance
attributable to the behavior of the person being rated in a particular context from the perspective of a specific informant.
We then provided a parametric representation of this perspective and analyses of mother, teacher, and self-ratings of Rule-Breaking
and Aggressive Behavior to illustrate features of the model. Strengths and limitations of the SS, MTMM, and hybrid perspectives
are discussed. 相似文献
935.
Cheri?A.?Levinson Thomas?L.?RodebaughEmail author Tiffany?Frye 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2011,33(1):87-100
The Behavioral Inhibition System and Behavioral Activation System Scales (BIS/BAS scales) are the most widely used measures
designed to assess Gray’s Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. However, questions remain regarding its factor, convergent, and
discriminant validity. We assessed these properties in two samples of undergraduates (N = 723, N = 103). In Study 1, confirmatory factor analysis supported previous findings that suggested removal of several items, resulting
in acceptable fit for a four-factor model. Convergent and discriminant validity were assessed for the original and revised
scales. In Study 2, a public speaking task was used to assess validity of the scales in reference to positive/negative affect.
Convergent and discriminant validity for the revised scales were not substantially different from the original scales. We
suggest that future researchers should consider the use of the revised measure we describe. We also suggest that the creation
of a revised BIS/BAS scale using new items may be warranted. 相似文献
936.
Elizabeth?Kate?HughesEmail author Eleonora?Gullone Shaun?D.?Watson 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2011,33(3):335-345
Difficulties with emotion and its regulation are of central importance to the etiology and course of depression. The current
study investigated these constructs in relation to childhood and adolescence by comparing the emotional functioning of 170
9- to 15-year-olds reporting high levels of depressive symptoms (HD) to a matched sample of 170 children and adolescents reporting
low levels of depressive symptoms (LD). Compared to LD, HD participants reported significantly greater shame proneness, poorer
functioning on emotion regulation competencies (emotional control, self-awareness and situational responsiveness), less healthy
emotion regulation strategy use (less reappraisal and greater suppression), and lower levels of guilt proneness. Empathic
concern did not differ between the two groups. The findings enhance current knowledge by providing a more comprehensive profile
of the emotional difficulties experienced by children and adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms. 相似文献
937.
938.
Students with developmental disabilities may not have the necessary skills or the same opportunities to access multimedia-based leisure materials as their typical peers. Portable multimedia devices such as the iPod Touch® may provide them with a useful tool for accessing age-appropriate leisure material. The present study examined the feasibility of teaching 3 students with developmental disabilities to independently operate an iPod to watch age-appropriate entertainment videos. A delayed multiple-probe design across participants was implemented with baseline, intervention, fading, and follow-up phases. Video modeling and least-to-most response prompting were successfully used to teach these 3 students to operate an iPod Touch® to watch preferred videos without adult assistance. The results complement previous findings supporting the use of video modeling as an instructional strategy and add to the literature by using portable multimedia devices as assistive technology for teaching an age-appropriate leisure skill. 相似文献
939.
940.
Elder JH Donaldson SO Kairalla J Valcante G Bendixen R Ferdig R Self E Walker J Palau C Serrano M 《Journal of child and family studies》2011,20(3):263-271
Literature regarding fathers of children with autism remains sparse, and because mothers are the more common intervening parent,
few training methods have focused on fathers. Thus, we sought to evaluate effects of in-home training directed at fathers
and their ability to train mothers in the same manner in which they were trained. Fathers were taught four skills commonly
associated with in-home training interventions for parents of children with autism: following the child’s lead, imitation
with animation, commenting on the child, and expectant waiting. Father skills were evaluated twice a week for 12 weeks during
videotaped in-home father–child play sessions. Analyses included visual inspection of graphed data and statistical analyses
of father skill acquisition, mother skill acquisition, and child behaviors with both parents. A multivariate repeated measures
analysis of 18 dyads revealed significant increases in frequencies of fathers’ imitation with animation, expectant waiting,
and commenting on the child. Child initiating rates increased significantly as did frequencies of child non-speech vocalizations.
Analysis of mothers revealed significant increases in frequencies of imitation with animation, expectant waiting, and following
the child’s lead. Child behaviors had similar results for father and mother sessions. Findings are consistent with those from
our first study indicating that fathers can effectively implement skills that promote father–child social interactions and
that children respond positively to this approach. 相似文献