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91.
Amir Raza Subhani Dipak Kumar Mondal Chandan Mondal 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(6):240-251
ABSTRACTOver the last few decades, the use of steel (the most significant structural engineering material) is facing a significant challenge due to its replacement by other materials (such as composites) possessing higher strength-to-weight ratio/specific strength. This necessitates further enhancement in the strength of steel. In particular, low-carbon steel, in the annealed condition, suffers from inherent problems of poor strength and discontinuous yielding. In this research work a novel heat treatment route of incomplete austenitisation-based cyclic ice-brine quenching has been adopted on low-carbon steel (AISI 1010 steel containing 0.1 wt.% C) without considering any costly alloying or thermo-mechanical treatment. Accordingly, exceptionally high strength (UTS?=?1.7?GPa) and specific strength (226?MPa?g?1cm3) are achieved after three cycles along with a modest ductility (% Elongation?=?9). This is the highest strength reported so far for low-carbon steel containing 0.1 wt.% C. Yield point phenomenon is also eliminated. This is attributed to a novel microstructure consisting of highly sub-structured fine plate martensite crystals containing internal twin and dislocation tangles along with dispersion of nano-sized cementite particles and clusters of cementite particles. 相似文献
92.
Dana Amir 《International Forum of Psychoanalysis》2013,22(1):34-43
Abstract Following both Bion's and Aulagnier's thought, this paper seeks to examine two functions of psychotic syntax within the nonpsychotic personality. The first function is the creation of a split between voice and meaning in the mother–infant relationship, a split whose aim is to disengage contact with contents that cannot be metabolized and that are associated with the mother's denied death wish toward her infant. The second function pertains to the use of psychotic syntax as a way of denying separateness and annihilating the “speaking I.” Both functions will be exemplified by clinical case studies. In conclusion, psychotic language will be discussed as a “hybrid language” generated by an incestuous relationship between the mother's and the infant's language. 相似文献
93.
Individuals differ in the type and severity of the difficulties they face when making a career decision. Relying on the Gati, Krausz, and Osipow (1996) taxonomy of career decision-making difficulties, we elicited the judgements of 28 career counselling experts about factors that contribute to the perceived severity of the difficulties. Difficulties attributed to an internal or emotional cause were judged as more severe than difficulties attributed to an external or cognitive cause. With respect to the consequences, difficulties that prevent making a decision, or those that require long-term treatment, were judged as more severe than difficulties that may lead to a non-optimal decision, and those that require a short-term treatment. The analysis revealed that the factor that most affected the experts' severity judgements was the expected length of treatment. Treatment priority was affected only partially by severity, reflecting the role of other considerations. 相似文献
94.
Amir Saemi 《Canadian journal of philosophy》2015,45(2):197-219
This paper shows how we can plausibly extend the guise of the good thesis in a way that avoids intellectualist challenge, allows animals to be included, and is consistent with the possibility of performing action under the cognition of their badness. The paper also presents some independent arguments for the plausibility of this interpretation of the thesis. To this aim, a teleological conception of practical attitudes as well as a cognitivist account of arational desires is offered. 相似文献
95.
Mohsen Saffari Isa Mohammadi Zeidi Amir H. Pakpour Harold G. Koenig 《Journal of religion and health》2013,52(2):631-641
The aim of this study was translation and validation of the Duke University Religion Index in Iranian Muslims. The study was performed in two stages. In the first stage, 1,762 college students from Qazvin city with an average age of 21.2 years participated in the study. In the second phase, 796 college students with an average age of 23.7 were recruited from Tehran. A demographic questionnaire, Santa Clara Strength Faith questionnaire (SCSORF), and Duke Religion Index (DUREL) were administered. Cultural adaptation of these measures was performed by a forward–backward translation technique. Test–retest reliability and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used for assessing reliability. Convergent validity was measured by Spearman correlation between DUREL and SCSORF. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) evaluated the factor structure. Results showed that the scale is reliable. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.866 to 0.921 and ICC ranged from 0.937 to 0.991. Correlations between DUREL and SCSORF were also strong (ranging from 0.62 to 0.79). Results obtained from CFA and EFA confirmed one-dimension for the DUREL. Thus, the DUREL appears to be a proper measure for assessing religiosity among Iranian Muslims. Further testing of the scale among minorities and those with special health-related conditions is suggested. 相似文献
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98.
Chronic nicotine exposure induces a long-lasting and pathway-specific facilitation of LTP in the amygdala 下载免费PDF全文
Nicotine, in the form of tobacco, is the most commonly used drug of abuse. In addition to its rewarding properties, nicotine also affects many cognitive and emotional processes that involve several brain regions, including hippocampus and amygdala. Long-term changes in synaptic strength in these brain regions after drug exposure may be importantly correlated with behavioral changes induced by nicotine. Here, we study the effect of chronic oral administration of nicotine on the long-term synaptic potentiation in the amygdala, a key structure for emotional memory. We find that oral administration of nicotine for 7 d produces a significant enhancement of LTP in the amygdala. This facilitation is pathway specific: Nicotine selectively facilitates LTP in the cortical-lateral amygdala pathway, but not the thalamic-lateral and the lateral-basolateral synaptic pathway. The synaptic facilitation induced by a 7-d exposure to nicotine is long-lasting, it persists for 72 h after cessation of nicotine but decays 8 d after its cessation. In contrast, a shorter exposure of nicotine (24 h) induces only a short-lasting facilitation of synaptic plasticity that dissipates 24 and 72 h after cessation of nicotine. The facilitation of LTP in the amygdala after exposure to nicotine is mediated by removal of GABAergic inhibition, is dependent on the activation NMDA receptors, and can be prevented by blocking either α7 or β2 nACh receptors. Our results indicate that chronic exposure to nicotine can promote the induction of long-lasting modifications of synapses in a specific pathway in the amygdala.These changes in synaptic plasticity may contribute to the complex neural adaptations and behaviors caused by nicotine. 相似文献
99.
Erez A Misangyi VF Johnson DE LePine MA Halverson KC 《The Journal of applied psychology》2008,93(3):602-616
In 2 studies, the authors found that leader charisma was positively associated with followers' positive affect and negatively associated with followers' negative affect. The authors hypothesized that leaders' positive affect, positive expression, and aroused behavior will mediate these relationships. The results of their lab study suggest that leaders' positive expression and aroused behavior mediated these relationships. A field study showed that firefighters under the command of a charismatic officer were happier than those under the command of a non-charismatic officer and that these relationships were mediated by the leader's positive affect and a tendency to express positivity. 相似文献
100.