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941.
Martin Riemer Xaver Fuchs Florian Bublatzky Dieter Kleinböhl Rupert Hölzl Jörg Trojan 《Acta psychologica》2014
The rubber hand illusion (RHI), in which a visible artificial hand is touched (or moves) synchronously with the participant's unseen own hand, indicates that body representations can undergo rapid changes. While several constraints for this illusion have been described, some reports highlight a remarkable flexibility of body representations, even contradicting a priori assumptions regarding body appearance and anatomy (e.g., the subjective embodiment of a third arm). 相似文献
942.
943.
Chastain Amanda N. Luoma Shannon M. Love Svea E. Miguel Caio F. 《The Psychological record》2022,72(3):383-405
The Psychological Record - The current study evaluated whether college students’ performance on visual–visual matching-to-sample (MTS) tasks were differentially affected by learning to... 相似文献
944.
We compared the relationship between gender role beliefs and antigay prejudice in Chile and the United States. Participants were Chilean and American university students. In Study 1, Chileans were more prejudiced than Americans, and men were more prejudiced than women. In Study 2, gender role beliefs mediated cultural and sex differences in prejudice. Chileans held more traditional gender role beliefs and were more antigay than Americans. Men were more prejudiced than women, particularly in their attitudes toward gay men. Further, sex differences in attitudes toward lesbians and gay men were completely mediated by gender role beliefs. Nationality differences in attitudes toward lesbians were completely mediated, and nationality differences in attitudes toward gay men were partially mediated, by gender role beliefs. 相似文献
945.
Harris GT Rice ME Hilton NZ Lalumiére ML Quinsey VL 《Journal of personality disorders》2007,21(1):1-27
Sexual behavior is closely associated with delinquency and crime. Although psychopaths, by definition, have many short-term sexual relationships, it has not been shown that sexuality is a core aspect of psychopathy. A Darwinian view of psychopathy led to the hypothesis that psychopaths have a unique sexuality involving early, frequent, and coercive sex. Our subjects were 512 sex offenders assessed on the Hare Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-R). Five variables reflecting early, frequent, and coercive sex loaded on the same principal component in exploratory factor analysis on a subset of the sample, whereas PCL-R items pertaining to adult sexual behavior did not. Confirmatory factor analysis of the remaining subjects yielded a measurement model containing three inter-correlated factors - the traditional two PCL-R factors, and coercive and precocious sexuality. Taxometric analyses gave evidence of a natural discontinuity underlying coercive and precocious sexuality. Coercive and precocious sexuality yielded statistically significant associations with other study variables predicted by the Darwinian hypothesis. The present findings are consistent with prior empirical findings and support the hypothesis that psychopathy has been a nonpathological, reproductively viable, alternate life history strategy. 相似文献
946.
The literature on policy transfer between countries and organization has seen rapid growth. Whether framed in terms of policy
transfer, institutional transplantation, imitation and emulation or copying policy models and ideas, a sizeable number of
determinants for success have been identified to understand why such conceptual or institutional transfers grow out to become
successes or failures in their countries or organizations of adoption. What is much less common is to describe such a process
through the lens of participants inside this transfer. This paper is an attempt to do just that. It will tell the story of
the higher-educational concept of Technology, Policy and Management from Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands
to Harbin Institute of Technology in China, studied by means of participatory observation. The keys and clues for successful
transplantation from the literature will subsequently be compared with the experiences from this case, and additional lessons,
some of which are specific to Western-Chinese mutual learning, are formulated.
Martin de Jong is associate professor of policy, organization and management at the Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management
of Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands. He publishes and lectures mainly on subjects of cross-national policy
transfer, cross-cultural management and transport infrastructure policy. He is also responsible for the international master
program Engineering and Policy Analysis, for which he has helped to set up a Chinese counterpart with the same name.
Xi Bao is professor of public management and real estate management at the School of Management and the National Centre of
Technology, Policy and Management of Harbin Institute of Technology, People’s Republic of China. He is also a co-director
of the National Centre of TPM in China and lectures and publishes mainly on real estate management and infrastructure policy. 相似文献
947.
Gordon L. Flett Paul L. Hewitt Teresa Whelan Thomas R. Martin 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2007,25(4):255-277
Two studies were conducted to examine the psychometric properties and correlates of the Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory
(PCI) when administered to clinical samples. The PCI is a 25-item measure of automatic thoughts with themes involving perfectionism
and beliefs that perfection should be attained. Analyses indicated that the PCI is unidimensional and it has adequate internal
consistency. Correlational analyses confirmed that the PCI is associated with psychological distress and deficits in cognitive
self-management, including lack of self-reinforcement, lack of a positive self-focus, and perfectionistic inflexibility. Moreover,
tests of incremental validity revealed that the PCI accounts for unique variance in levels of anxiety and depression symptoms
after removing variance attributable to trait perfectionism dimensions. Overall, the findings suggest that automatic thoughts
involving perfectionistic themes can be assessed in a reliable and valid manner in clinical samples. Moreover, it is important
to assess perfectionism cognitions as a supplement to trait perfectionism measures when evaluating the role of perfectionism
in psychological distress and associated deficits in cognitive self-control.
This research was supported by major research grants from Health Canada and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council
(SSHRC) of Canada to the first two authors, and a Canada Research Chair in Personality & Health awarded to the first author.
The fourth author, Thomas Martin, is now deceased and this paper is dedicated to his memory. 相似文献
948.
Drawing on data collected from two longitudinal Cohort Studies following the lives of over 20,000 individuals born in the United Kingdom 12 years apart in 1958 and 1970, respectively, this paper examines antecedents and outcomes of educational and occupational aspirations of young men and women, covering the transition from dependent childhood into independent adulthood. Two analytical models, a Social Reproduction Model and a Developmental-Contextual Model are tested to assess the processes by which family background and the wider socio-historical context influence work and family related careers. The findings demonstrate the persistent role of gender, social origin and individual agency processes as well as the influence of a changing socio-historical context on career development. Results are interpreted with regard to biographical agency processes linking individual lives with social contexts across the life course. 相似文献
949.
Taube-Schiff M Suvak MK Antony MM Bieling PJ McCabe RE 《Behaviour research and therapy》2007,45(4):687-698
Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for Social Phobia is effective in both group and individual formats. However, the impact of group processes on treatment efficacy remains relatively unexplored. In this study we examined group cohesion ratings made by individuals at the midpoint and endpoint of CBT groups for social phobia. Symptom measures were also completed at the beginning and end of treatment. We found that cohesion ratings significantly increased over the course of the group and were associated with improvement over time in social anxiety symptoms, as well as improvement on measures of general anxiety, depression, and functional impairment. In conclusion, findings are consistent with the idea that changes in group cohesion are related to social anxiety symptom reduction and, therefore, speak to the importance of nonspecific therapeutic factors in treatment outcome. 相似文献
950.
Jerry M. Burger Joy Hornisher Valerie E. Martin Gary Newman Summer Pringle 《Journal of applied social psychology》2007,37(9):2086-2096
An unusual request can increase compliance in situations in which the typical response to the request is refusal. This procedure, called the pique technique, is said to be effective because the unusual request causes people to give mindful consideration to it. We tested this explanation in 2 studies. Passersby were asked for either a common amount of change or 37 cents. Participants who inquired about the unusual amount were given either a specific or an uninformative reason. The pique technique increased compliance, but only when participants stopped to ask about the request. These participants gave more money, regardless of the reason provided. The findings failed to support the notion that an unusual request leads to a mindful consideration of it. 相似文献