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81.
Motivation and Emotion - This paper examines the multidimensional nature of workplace motivation and the importance of a continuum structure in self-determination theory through application of... 相似文献
82.
Julie Levesque-Côté Claude Fernet Stéphanie Austin Alexandre J. S. Morin 《Journal of business and psychology》2018,33(5):611-628
The aim of this study was to investigate the multidimensional nature of authentic leadership (AL) through the re-evaluation of the factor structure of the most commonly used scales in AL research, the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) and the Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI). Results from Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) conducted among 538 workers of private (57,81%) and public (42,19%)? organizations provide support for the multidimensional nature of AL but also reveal excessive content overlap across subscales and an inability to properly reflect the a priori factor structure of both instruments. Further analyses enabled the identification of key items from both instruments providing a cleaner depiction of the a priori dimensionality of AL, leading to the development of an integrated optimized measure, the Authentic Leadership Integrated Questionnaire (AL-IQ). The main contribution of this study is the proposition of an alternative and optimized measure of authentic leadership that sheds light on the distinct theoretical facets of this positive leadership style. Our data suggest that the AL-IQ is a promising tool for characterizing the strengths and weaknesses of leaders and managers’ AL practices. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use a combination of classical Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) and newly developed ESEM framework to assess the construct validity (factor structure, reliability, and criterion-related validity) of the two main AL measures: the ALQ and the ALI. 相似文献
83.
Alexandre Geoffroy 《Médecine & Droit》2018,2018(149):47-53
In an unpacified and somehow violent world, the judge is more and more advised to handle technical and often urgent cases. Committed to judge, the magistrate fulfilled its own mission disregarding the tempo of the uncommon life-threatening emergency. Considering the acute stroke for being one of the most important complications of atrial fibrillation shows how frail and uneasy is for the judge to build its decisions over a large amount of laws. In the case of an anticoagulated patient suffering an ischemic stroke, the practitioner is able to embrace a wide bunch of treatments leading to myriads of effects and modulating the medical responsibility. Adding up deontological aspects, ethics, scientific data (techniques and technology) to summarize medical engagement which stands just aside new patients’ rights leads to consider further the particular functional link between the patient, his disease, his physician and their judge. 相似文献
84.
Naïla Boudiaf Rafael Laboissière Émilie Cousin Nathalie Fournet Alexandre Krainik 《Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition》2018,25(1):1-22
The effect of normal aging on lexical production and semantic processing was evaluated in 72 healthy participants. Four tasks were used, picture naming (PN), picture categorization (PC), numerical judgment (NJ), and color judgment (CJ). The dependence of reaction time (RT) and correct responses with age was accounted by mixed-effects models. Participants underwent neuropsychological testing for verbal, executive, and memory functions. The RTs increase significantly with age for all tasks. After parceling out the non-specific cognitive decline, as reflected by the NJ task, the RT for the PN task decreases with age. Behavioral data were interpreted in relation with neuropsychological scores. Our results suggest that (a) naming becomes more automatic and semantic processing slightly more difficult with age, and (b) a non-specific general slowdown of cognitive processing occurs with age. Lexical production remained unaltered, based on compensatory automatic processes. This study also suggests a possible slowdown of semantic processing, even in normal aging. 相似文献
85.
86.
Transient activation of the CA3 Kappa opioid system in the dorsal hippocampus modulates complex memory processing in mice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Daumas S Betourne A Halley H Wolfer DP Lipp HP Lassalle JM Francés B 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2007,88(1):94-103
The hippocampus plays a central role in various forms of complex learning and memory. Opioid peptides and receptors are abundant in the hippocampus. These peptides are co-released with glutamate from mossy fiber- and lateral perforant path-synapses. In this study, we evaluated the functional relevance of the CA3 Kappa opioid receptors (KOR) by transient pharmacological activation or inactivation using single bilateral intrahippocampal microinjections of a selective agonist (U50,488H, 1 or 2.5 nmol), a selective antagonist (nor-binaltorphimine, norBNI 5 nmol) or a mixture of both. C57Bl/6J mice were tested in a fear conditioning paradigm (FC) or in a modified version of the water maze task thought to reveal how flexibly animals can learn and manipulate spatial information (WM). In FC, the agonist (2.5 nmol) decreased context-induced (but not tone-induced) freezing whereas norBNI had no effect. The impairment caused by the agonist U50,488H was blocked by the injection of norBNI, suggesting that overstimulation of CA3-KOR impairs the acquisition and consolidation of contextual fear-related memory. In the WM task, mice were trained repeatedly each day to find a hidden platform. After having reached this goal, the platform position was changed the next day for a new task. U50,488H injection before the last task abolished the previously acquired ability to find rapidly a new platform location, whereas adding norBNI reversed this impairment. Thus, in the mouse, even partial and topographically restricted activation of CA3-KOR entails impairments in two different hippocampus-dependent tasks, indicating functional relevance of the kappa opioid system. 相似文献
87.
The effects of mindfulness on executive processes and autobiographical memory specificity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Previous studies have found that mindfulness training reduces overgeneral memories and increases autobiographical memory specificity (e.g., [Williams, J. M. G., Teasdale, J. D., Segal, Z. V., & Soulsby, J. (2000). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy reduces overgeneral autobiographical memory in formerly depressed patients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 150-155]). However, little work has investigated the mechanisms underlying this effect. The present study explored the role of executive processes as a mediator of MBCT effects in an unselected sample. An autobiographical memory task, a cognitive inhibition task, a motor inhibition task, a cognitive flexibility task and a motor flexibility task were administered before and after intervention. Compared to matched controls, MBCT participants showed increased autobiographical memory specificity, decreased overgenerality, and improved cognitive flexibility capacity and capacity to inhibit cognitive prepotent responses. Mediational analyses indicated that changes in cognitive flexibility partially mediate the impact of MBCT on overgeneral memories. Results are discussed in terms of Conway's [2005. Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53, 594-628] autobiographical memory model. 相似文献
88.
Christophe Maïano Alexandre J. S. Morin Johana Monthuy-Blanc Jean-Marie Garbarino Yannick Stephan 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(4):387-404
Recent studies have questioned the appropriateness of the original Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) in nonclinical samples
of adolescents. The main objective of the present series of studies is to systematically test the construct validity of the
EDI (i.e. content, factorial, convergent, discriminant and discriminative) in a nonclinical sample of French adolescents.
A total sample of 1,323 adolescents was involved in these five studies. The factorial validity and the measurement invariance
of the EDI were verified through confirmatory factorial analyses. Correlation and student t-tests were also used to test the
convergent and discriminative validity of the EDI. Results from the first study confirmed the unsuitability of the French
original EDI for young adolescents. Items were re-worded and an adaptation for adolescents was developed (EDI-A). The following
four studies provided support for the factorial validity, measurement invariance, reliability, convergent validity and discriminant
validity for a short form (i.e. 24 items) of the EDI-A. The present results thus provide preliminary evidence regarding the
construct validity of the 24-item EDI-A for French nonclinical adolescents. Recommendations for future uses and research activities
with this instrument in French speaking adolescents are outlined. 相似文献
89.
Motivation and Emotion - Self-determination theory presents a multi-dimensional approach to human motivation in which motivation is driven by a range of classifiably distinct regulation styles.... 相似文献
90.
This paper calls attention to the plight of children exposed to various traumas associated with wars and other natural disasters around the world. Little systematic attention has been paid to the mental health needs of child survivors of armed conflict. Our observations and experiences around the world would suggest that there are significant differences in the degree to which children have been prepared in anticipation of exposure to violence and in interventions applied after their exposure. It is the authors' impression that prevention and intervention can be quite powerful when employed in these situations. 相似文献