全文获取类型
收费全文 | 798篇 |
免费 | 59篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 20篇 |
2020年 | 30篇 |
2019年 | 38篇 |
2018年 | 38篇 |
2017年 | 45篇 |
2016年 | 43篇 |
2015年 | 38篇 |
2014年 | 32篇 |
2013年 | 93篇 |
2012年 | 48篇 |
2011年 | 43篇 |
2010年 | 24篇 |
2009年 | 29篇 |
2008年 | 24篇 |
2007年 | 22篇 |
2006年 | 33篇 |
2005年 | 24篇 |
2004年 | 24篇 |
2003年 | 18篇 |
2002年 | 25篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有857条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
Israel has a long history of concern with chemical and biological threats, since several hostile states in the Middle East
are likely to possess such weapons. The Twin-Tower terrorist attacks and Anthrax envelope scares of 2001 were a watershed
for public perceptions of the threat of unconventional terror in general and of biological terror in particular. New advances
in biotechnology will only increase the ability of terrorists to exploit the burgeoning availability of related information
to develop ever-more destructive bioweapons. Many areas of modern biological research are unavoidably dual-use by nature.
They thus have a great potential for both help and harm; and facilitating the former while preventing the latter remains a
serious challenge to researchers and governments alike. This article addresses how Israel might best (1) prevent hostile elements
from obtaining, from Israel’s biological research system, materials, information and technologies that might facilitate their
carrying out a biological attack, while (2) continuing to promote academic openness, excellence and other hallmarks of that
system. This important and sensitive issue was assessed by a special national committee, and their recommendations are presented
and discussed. One particularly innovative element is the restructuring and use of Israel’s extensive biosafety system to
also address biosecurity goals, with minimal disruption or delay. 相似文献
132.
Delay discounting is the process by which the value of an expected reward decreases as the delay to obtaining that reward increases. Individuals with higher discounting rates tend to prefer smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards. Previous research has indicated that personality can influence an individual's discounting rates, with higher levels of Extraversion predicting a preference for immediate gratification. The current study examined how this relationship would be influenced by situational mood inductions. While main effects were observed for both Extraversion and cognitive ability in the prediction of discounting rates, a significant interaction was also observed between Extraversion and positive affect. Extraverted individuals were more likely to prefer an immediate reward when first put in a positive mood. Extraverts thus appear particularly sensitive to impulsive, incentive-reward-driven behavior by temperament and by situational factors heightening positive affect. 相似文献
133.
Under some circumstances, moving objects capture attention. Whether a change in the direction of a moving object attracts attention is still unexplored. We investigated this using a continuous tracking task. In Experiment 1, four grating patches changed smoothly and semirandomly in their positions and orientations, and observers attempted to track the orientations of two of them. After the stimuli disappeared, one of the two target gratings was queried and observers reported its orientation; hence direction of the gratings' motion across the screen was an irrelevant feature. Despite the irrelevance of its motion, when the nonqueried grating had collided with an invisible boundary within the last 200 msec of the trial, accuracy reporting the queried grating was worse than when it had not. Attention was likely drawn by the unexpected nature of these changes in direction of motion, since the effect was eliminated when the boundaries were visible (Experiment 2). This tendency for unexpected motion changes to attract attention has important consequences for the monitoring of objects in everyday environments. 相似文献
134.
135.
John Maltby Liza Day Poonam Gill Ann Colley Alex M. Wood 《Personality and individual differences》2008,45(7):655-660
The current study developed a multi-dimensional measure of beliefs around luck. Two studies introduced the Darke and Freedman beliefs around luck scale where the scale showed a consistent 4 component model (beliefs in luck, rejection of luck, being lucky, and being unlucky) across two samples (n = 250; n = 145). The scales also show adequate reliability statistics and validity by ways of comparison with other measures of beliefs around luck, peer and family ratings and expected associations with measures of personality, individual difference and well-being variables. 相似文献
136.
Characteristics of problem gamblers 56 years of age or older: a statewide study of casino self-excluders 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gambling among older adults appears to be increasing, though little is known about the characteristics of older adult problem gamblers. The purpose of this study was to compare older adults to younger and middle-aged adults in a cohort of problem gamblers participating in a state-administered casino self-exclusion program. Self-reported problem gamblers (N = 1,601) who voluntary banned themselves from Missouri casinos from 2001 to 2003 were categorized by age as younger adults (ages 21 to 35; n = 490), middle-aged adults (ages 36 to 55; n = 950), and older adults (ages 56 to 79; n = 161), and were compared with respect to demographic variables, gambling participation, and reasons for self-exclusion. Older adult self-excluders typically began gambling in midlife, experienced gambling problems around age 60, reported preferences for nonstrategic forms of gambling, and identified fear of suicide as the primary reason for self-excluding. Implications for intervention, prevention and treatment are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved). 相似文献
137.
Among individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), pain-associated stress can severely impact wellbeing. Psychological attributes, such as a sense of personal mastery, may attenuate the effects of chronic pain on life quality. We tested the hypothesis that a high sense of mastery would predict lower pain, perceived stress, fatigue, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) than would a low sense of mastery during an acute, interpersonal stressor.Seventy-four individuals with RA completed a psychophysiological laboratory session involving MAP measurements, as well as self-ratings of stress, joint pain, and fatigue. Measurements were collected before, during, and after an interpersonal stressor. To assess personal mastery, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on the Pearlin Mastery Scale based on recommendations by Reich and Zautra (1991)The Pearlin Mastery Scale yielded two distinct factors: fatalism and control. Both fatalism and control were significant predictors of the wellbeing variables. Individuals with a highly fatalistic style demonstrated higher general levels of mean arterial pressure (F(1) = 3.41, p<.1) and reported greater joint pain (F(1) = 4.72, p<.05) across all periods. Individuals with a high sense of control also evidenced lower MAP (F(1) = 3.73, p<.1) and reported less stress (F(1) = 7.44, p<.01) and fatigue (F(1) = 5.16, p<.05). Neither fatalism nor control were related to objective measures of disease severity (r's = -.10, p=NS and -.02, p=NS, respectively).RA patients with a high level of personal mastery, as evidenced by scores on two distinct indices, experience lower MAP, and report less pain, stress and fatigue. Although fatalism and control were not related to objective disease state, they seem to play an important role in the experience of wellbeing for people with RA. 相似文献
138.
Complexity is conventionally defined as the level of detail or intricacy contained within a picture. The study of complexity has received relatively little attention-in part, because of the absence of an acceptable metric. Traditionally, normative ratings of complexity have been based on human judgments. However, this study demonstrates that published norms for visual complexity are biased. Familiarity and learning influence the subjective complexity scores for nonsense shapes, with a significant training x familiarity interaction [F(1,52) = 17.53, p < .05]. Several image-processing techniques were explored as alternative measures of picture and image complexity. A perimeter detection measure correlates strongly with human judgments of the complexity of line drawings of real-world objects and nonsense shapes and captures some of the processes important in judgments of subjective complexity, while removing the bias due to familiarity effects. 相似文献
139.
Alex J. Bishop 《Pastoral Psychology》2006,55(2):131-143
The purpose of this study was to explore age and gender differences in the adaptation and well-being of older adults residing in Catholic monasteries. Participants included 235 members, age 64 and older, from the Order of St. Benedict. 2 (Age) × 2 (Gender) analyses of variance were computed to determine significant differences. Young-old persons reported greater friendship, coping behaviors, and personal growth, however, old-old individuals reported greater engagement in religious coping and greater depression. In addition, women reported greater coping behaviors, life satisfaction, and personal growth, but men reported greater depression. The results have implications on how pastoral care providers and counselors can improve quality of life among older adults living in contemplative religious settings. 相似文献
140.