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201.
This study investigates whether laypersons can distinguish between creative and non-creative artifacts, identify when creativity emerges, and be aware of the merit to be attributed to those who conceive a creative idea. Study 1 analyzed a creative and a non-creative version of two advertisements. In the creative version, there was an ideational process of advertising drafts where the first meaning changed, whereas in the non-creative version the original meaning did not change. Forty undergraduates were asked to judge beauty and originality of each draft and the contribution that graphics managers gave to the outcome. Non-creative changes did not affect beauty and originality ratings, whereas creative modifications increased originality, but not beauty score. Merit was attributed to the graphics manager who transformed the original meaning. In Study 2, one hundred twenty-eight participants evaluated four combinations of textual (creative/noncreative) and iconic (creative/non-creative) elements which were added to the advertisements. Again, the creative, but not the non-creative, contribution to drafts was acknowledged regarding originality by participants. Findings suggest that people can recognize the presence of creativity when it develops and the restructuring mechanism that supports it. 相似文献
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Alessandro Torza 《Philosophy and phenomenological research》2020,101(2):365-382
The threat of ontological deflationism (the view that disagreement about what there is can be non-substantive) is averted by appealing to realism about fundamental structure—or so tells us Ted Sider. In this paper, the notion of structural indeterminacy is introduced as a particular case of metaphysical indeterminacy; then it is argued that structural indeterminacy is not only compatible with a metaphysics of fundamental structure, but it can even safeguard it from a crucial objection; finally, it is shown that, if there are instances of structural indeterminacy, a hitherto unacknowledged variety of ontological deflationism will arise. Unless structure is shown to be determinate, ontological deflationism remains a live option. Furthermore, I will consider whether structural indeterminacy could be challenged by adopting a naturalistic epistemology of structure; the question is answered in the negative on the basis of a formal result concerning theory choice. Finally, I submit a new way of articulating the epistemology of structure, which hinges on the very possibility of structural indeterminacy. 相似文献
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Donatella Marazziti Alessandro Rotondo Silvio Presta Maria Laura Pancioli-Guadagnucci Lionella Palego Luciano Conti 《Aggressive behavior》1993,19(5):347-353
This study aimed to evaluate a peripheral serotonergic marker, 3H-imipramine (3H-IMI) binding to platelet membranes, in a group of severely aggressive subjects (A), institutionalized since childhood for mental retardation, as compared with suicide attempters (S) and healthy controls (H). The maximum binding capacity of 3H-IMI to platelet membranes was statistically lower in (A) and (S) than in (H). In addition, a statistically significant difference was observed between the Bmax values of aggressive subjects and those of suicide attempters. No changes in the dissociation constant (Kd) of IMI binding were observed. These data provide further supporting evidence for the hypothesis of an abnormality of the 5HT system in aggressive behaviour and suggest that such an abnormality, as reflected by platelet markers, is more severe in suicide attempters. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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Stefania Balzarotti Federica Cavaletti Adriano D'Aloia Barbara Colombo Elisa Cardani Maria Rita Ciceri Alessandro Antonietti Ruggero Eugeni 《Cognitive Science》2021,45(4):e12969
The present study examined whether cinematographic editing density affects viewers’ perception of time. As a second aim, based on embodied models that conceive time perception as strictly connected to the movement, we tested the hypothesis that the editing density of moving images also affects viewers’ eye movements and that these later mediate the effect of editing density on viewers’ temporal judgments. Seventy participants watched nine video clips edited by manipulating the number of cuts (slow- and fast-paced editing against a master shot, unedited condition). For each editing density, multiple video clips were created, representing three different kinds of routine actions. The participants’ eye movements were recorded while watching the video, and the participants were asked to report duration judgments and subjective passage of time judgments after watching each clip. The results showed that participants subjectively perceived that time flew more while watching fast-paced edited videos than slow-paced or unedited videos; by contrast, concerning duration judgments, participants overestimated the duration of fast-paced videos compared to the master-shot videos. Both the slow- and the fast-paced editing generated shorter fixations than the master shot, and the fast-paced editing led to shorter fixations than the slow-paced editing. Finally, compared to the unedited condition, editing led to an overestimation of durations through increased eye mobility. These findings suggest that the editing density of moving images by increasing the number of cuts effectively altered viewers’ experience of time and add further evidence to prior research showing that performed eye movement is associated with temporal judgments. 相似文献
208.
Alessandro Mulieri 《British Journal for the History of Philosophy》2018,26(2):276-296
This article shows that a forgotten source of Marsilius’ scientia of law-making in the Defensor Pacis is the Lucidator, the main astrological work of Peter of Abano. A compared analysis of these two works demonstrates that the theories of experientia and scientia that Marsilius considers necessary to make laws in the first dictio of the Defensor Pacis entirely draw on Peter of Abano’s views on the epistemological status of ‘the science of the stars’. It is shown that the purpose of Marsilius’ reinstatement of Peter of Abano’s theory of scientia is to build a science of law-making that does not need natural law and is based on experience and certain demonstrations. 相似文献
209.
The lone gamer: Social exclusion predicts violent video game preferences and fuels aggressive inclinations in adolescent players 下载免费PDF全文
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Alessandro Torza 《Synthese》2013,190(4):743-779
It has been argued that a combination of game-theoretic semantics and independence-friendly (IF) languages can provide a novel approach to the conceptual foundations of mathematics and the sciences. I introduce and motivate an IF first-order modal language endowed with a game-theoretic semantics of perfect information. The resulting interpretive independence-friendly logic (IIF) allows to formulate some basic model-theoretic notions that are inexpressible in the ordinary quantified modal logic. Moreover, I argue that some key concepts of Kripke’s new theory of reference are adequately modeled within IIF. Finally, I compare the logic IIF to David Lewis counterpart theory, drawing some morals concerning the interrelation between metaphysical and semantic issues in possible-world semantics. 相似文献