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201.
Marcin Wodziński 《Jewish History》2002,16(2):131-160
Polish Silesia, between 1922 and 1939 was the locus for a model confrontation between three distinct cultural groups of Central
European Jews: Jews assimilated to German language and culture, traditional, Yiddish speaking, Orthodox Jews, and still other
Jews assimilated to cultures that competed with the originally dominant German one: in the case of Upper Silesia, Polish culture.
The linguistic changes these groups experienced are indicative of cultural assimilation and change. All three groups had to
respond to a significant emigration of German oriented Jews in the early 1920s, the immigration of Jews assimilated to Polish culture and Yiddish speakers coming from the former Polish Kingdom and Galicia, and
an increase in Polish anti-Semitic propaganda in Upper Silesia. A fourth factor was the growing distancing between these Jews
and the German state and its direct cultural influences, especially after 1933. A first, and most visible, result of these
factors was a rapid rise in declarations of the use of Polish language matched by a rapid fall in declared Germanophones.
Initially these declarations were politically motivated: the number declaring Polish its language exceeded by far the actual
number of Polish-speakers. By the late 1930s, however, the change was real. Silesian Jews had become essentially Polish speakers,
and, on occasion, they had adopted other Polish cultural forms as well. Change of language is thus an important signifier
of broader cultural change.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
202.
This paper reports some attempts undertaken in Poland in the 1930s to modernize Thomism by means of modern logic. In particular, it concerns J.M. Bocheski and J. Salamucha, the leading members of the CracowCircle. They attempted to give precise logical form to the Five Ways of Thomas Aquinas. Other works concerned the concept of transcendentals, the levels of abstraction, and the concept of essence. 相似文献
203.
The equivalence connective in ukasiewicz logic has its algebraic counterpart which is the distance function d(x,y) =|x–y| of a positive cone of a commutative -group. We make some observations on logically motivated algebraic structures involving the distance function. 相似文献
204.
Michela Lenzi Massimo Santinello Marta Gaboardi Francesca Disperati Alessio Vieno Antonio Calcagnì Ronni Michelle Greenwood Aleksandra M. Rogowska Judith R. Wolf Sandrine Loubire Ulla Beijer Roberto Bernad Maria J. Vargas‐Moniz Jos Ornelas Freek Spinnewijn Marybeth Shinn 《American journal of community psychology》2021,67(1-2):220-236
The complexity of homeless service users’ characteristics and the contextual challenges faced by services can make the experience of working with people in homelessness stressful and can put providers’ well‐being at risk. In the current study, we investigated the association between service characteristics (i.e., the availability of training and supervision and the capability‐fostering approach) and social service providers’ work engagement and burnout. The study involved 497 social service providers working in homeless services in eight different European countries (62% women; mean age = 40.73, SD = 10.45) and was part of the Horizon 2020 European study “Homelessness as Unfairness (HOME_EU).” Using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), findings showed that the availability of training and supervision were positively associated with providers’ work engagement and negatively associated with burnout. However, results varied based on the perceived usefulness of the training and supervision provided within the service and the specific outcome considered. The most consistent finding was the association between the degree to which a service promotes users’ capabilities and all the aspects of providers’ well‐being analyzed. Results are discussed in relation to their implications for how configuration of homeless services can promote social service providers’ well‐being and high‐quality care. 相似文献
205.
Agata Błachnio Aneta Przepiórka Oleg Gorbaniuk Rebecca Bendayan Monika McNeill Alan Angeluci Ana Maria Abreu Menachem Ben-Ezra Martina Benvenuti Maria J. Blanca Tihana Brkljacic Nenad Čuš Babić Julia Gorbaniuk Juraj Holdoš Ana Ivanova Engin Karadağ Sadia Malik Elvis Mazzoni Anita Milanovic Bojan Musil Igor Pantic Belen Rando Gwendolyn Seidman Lancy D'Souza Mariek M. P. Vanden Abeele Mariusz Wołońciej Anise M. S. Wu Shu Yu 《International journal of psychology》2021,56(6):885-894
Mobile phone addiction is a robust phenomenon observed throughout the world. The social aspect of mobile phone use is crucial; therefore, phubbing is a part of the mobile phone addiction phenomenon. Phubbing is defined as ignoring an interlocutor by glancing at one's mobile phone during a face-to-face conversation. The main aim of this study was to investigate how the Phubbing Scale (containing 10 items) might vary across countries, and between genders. Data were collected in 20 countries: Belarus, Brazil, China, Croatia, Ecuador, India, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, UK, Ukraine and USA. The mean age across the sample (N = 7696, 65.8% women, 34.2% men) was 25.32 years (SD = 9.50). The cross-cultural invariance of the scale was investigated using multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFA) as well as the invariance analyses. Additionally, data from each country were assessed individually via confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs). We obtained two factors, based on only eight of the items: (a) communication disturbances and (b) phone obsession. The 8 items Phubbing Scale. 相似文献
206.
Although previous meta-analytic evidence supports the existence of parochialism in cooperation among adults, the extent to which children and adolescents are more willing to incur a personal cost to benefit ingroups, compared to outgroups, is not yet clear. We provide the first meta-analysis on the existence and magnitude of parochialism in cooperation among pre-adults. Based on 20 experimental economics studies (k = 69, N = 5268, age = 3–19, 12 countries, published 2008–2019), a multilevel meta-analytic model revealed a small overall effect size indicating that children and adolescents were more cooperative towards ingroups (d = 0.22, 95% CI [0.07, 0.38]). A series of single-moderator analyses tested for the following conditions: participant age and sex; game type ([mini-]dictator game, prisoner's dilemma, public goods dilemma, trust game, ultimatum game); outcome interdependence; membership manipulation (between- vs. within-subjects); group type (natural vs. experimental); reward type (monetary vs. non-monetary); and country of the participant. Parochial cooperation did not vary with participants' age. Parochialism was larger in non-interdependent (dictator-type) compared to interdependent (bargaining and social dilemma) games. There were no moderating effects of group type, membership manipulation or reward type. To provide more data on how parochialism develops, primary studies should report age ranges more precisely and use more restricted age groups. 相似文献
207.
Katarzyna Hamer Marta Penczek Sam McFarland Anna Wlodarczyk Magdalena Łużniak-Piecha Agnieszka Golińska Liliana Manrique Cadena Manuel Ibarra Paul Bertin Sylvain Delouvée 《International journal of psychology》2021,56(1):157-174
Identification with all humanity measured as an individual characteristic is an important factor related to social and international relations, such as concern for global issues and human rights, prosocial attitudes, intergroup forgiveness, attitudes toward immigrants, solving global problems, reactions to hate crimes and dehumanisation. We examine the factorial structure, psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Identification with All Humanity (IWAH) scale in student samples from five countries (the United States, Poland, France, Mexico and Chile; N = 1930). Separate confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) for each country showed a second-order model of one superordinate factor with two subfactors. The cross-country validation of the scale, based on multigroup CFA, confirmed configural and metric invariance between countries for raw scores, and full metric invariance for “pure” scores. This study showed that the IWAH scale can be successfully used for cross-country research and the results from different countries can be compared and integrated. 相似文献
208.
Wróbel Monika Piórkowska Magda Rzeczkowska Maja Troszczyńska Adrianna Tołopiło Aleksandra Olszanowski Michał 《Motivation and emotion》2021,45(5):683-704
Motivation and Emotion - Three studies investigated the effects of two fundamental dimensions of social perception on emotional contagion (i.e., the transfer of emotions between people). Rooting... 相似文献
209.
Journal of Religion and Health - The purpose of this study was to identify distinct profiles of persons beginning alcohol addiction therapy with similar baseline configurations of spiritual coping,... 相似文献
210.
Creativity is considered to be an embodied concept, where internal psychological and external behavioral processes are intertwined. Creativity enhancement programs often target the cognitive side of this bi‐dimensionality leaving the impact of motor interventions underexplored. To address this gap in the literature, we tested the effectiveness of two motor programs on motor creativity and divergent thinking (verbal and figural). A total of 92 college students (Mage = 25.36, SD = 2.66) were randomly allocated to a movement improvisation, an aerobic dance, or a control condition. Participants in both motor programs took part in ten 30‐minute classes twice a week over a period of 5 weeks. The findings revealed a significant effect of the motor programs on motor fluency and flexibility. Movement improvisation yielded the greatest effects on those variables, followed by aerobic dancing and control condition. Movement improvisation also impacted significantly more figural originality than the control condition. However, the effects were limited to the motor domain and failed to transfer into other divergent thinking variables. The findings highlighted the contribution of movement programs to creative potential development, and the imperative role of a non‐judgmental environment, where individuals are free to move spontaneously. 相似文献