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61.
Valentín Escudero Myrna L. Friedlander Nuria Varela Alberto Abascal 《Journal of Family Therapy》2008,30(2):194-214
Positive and negative alliance‐related behaviours of thirty‐seven families seen in brief family therapy were rated from videotapes using the System for Observing Family Therapy Alliances ( Friedlander et al., 2006b ). Positive associations were found between in‐session behaviour and participants' perceptions of the alliance and improvement so far both early (session 3) and later in therapy (session 6). Binary logistic regression showed that successful outcomes (defined as consensus by therapist and all family members on general improvement and reduced problem severity) were significantly predicted by positive individual behaviour (Engagement in the Therapeutic Process, Emotional Connection with the Therapist, Safety within the Therapeutic System) in session 3 and productive within‐family collaboration (Shared Sense of Purpose within the Family) in session 6. Shared Sense of Purpose was the alliance indicator most consistently associated with clients' and therapists' perceptions of therapeutic progress; moreover, it was the only alliance indicator to improve significantly over time in treatment. 相似文献
62.
Alberto Zanardo 《Studia Logica》2006,82(3):379-400
Temporal logic is one of the many areas in which a possible world semantics is adopted. Prior's Ockhamist and Peircean semantics
for branching-time, though, depart from the genuine Kripke semantics in that they involve a quantification over histories,
which is a second-order quantification over sets of possible worlds. In the paper, variants of the original Prior's semantics
will be considered and it will be shown that all of them can be viewed as first-order counterparts of the original semantics. 相似文献
63.
Tim Crane has maintained that intentional objects are to be conceived of as schematic entities, having no particular intrinsic nature. While I take this metaphysical thesis to be correct, I cast doubt on whether it excludes intentionalia, especially non-existent ones, from the general inventory of what there is, as Crane seems to think it does. There is a tension here, since Crane uses intentionalia in order to individuate intentional states, but at the same time attempts to dispense with them. If my doubts are grounded, the tension disappears. 相似文献
64.
Alberto Voltolini 《Synthese》2006,153(1):23-47
In this paper, I want to deal with the problem of how to find an adequate context of interpretation for indexical sentences
that enables one to account for the intuitive truth-conditional content which some apparently puzzling indexical sentences
like “I am not here now” as well as other such sentences contextually have. In this respect, I will pursue a fictionalist line. This line allows for shifts in interpretation contexts and urges that such shifts are governed by pretense, which has
to be understood in terms of socially shared make-believe games. By appealing to pretense so conceived, I will show that the
fictionalist perspective is halfway between an intentionalist perspective, according to which the above indexical sentences
have to be interpreted in a shifted intended context, (this perspective is primarily defined by Predelli 1998, Analysis
58, 107; Mind and Language
13, 400) and a conventionalist perspective, according to which indexical reference shifts in accordance with a conventional
setting. (For this perspective, cf. Corazza et al. 2002, Philosophical Studies
107, See also Corazza 2004, Reflecting the Mind: Indexicality and Quasi-Indexicality, Oxford University Press). Finally, I will claim that the fictionalist analysis of cases of non-ordinary uses of indexicals
like “here” and “now” can be retained in face of a new alternative analysis of those cases in terms of an ‘unbound anaphora’
– theory (cf. Corazza 2004, Synthese
138, 145). 相似文献
65.
Carlos Alberto Sanchez 《Human Studies》2007,30(4):377-393
In a journal entry from 1906, Husserl complains of lacking “internal stability” and of his desire to “achieve” it. My claim in this paper is that the “phenomenological method,” which he made public in his 1907 lectures Die Idee der Phänomenologie was, and is, a means to achieve the inner harmony that Husserl longed for. I do not provide an analysis of why Husserl might have felt the way he did; my aim is to show what internal stability might be and how one might achieve it. I conclude that the phenomenological method is the means, the “how,” to internal stability, which I characterize as “clarity” and “harmony” regarding our beliefs and, and ultimately, our authentic comportment. 相似文献
66.
Sillero Quintana M Refoyo Román I Lorenzo Calvo A Sampedro Molinuevo J 《Perceptual and motor skills》2007,104(2):547-561
A simple method was designed to evaluate visual abilities such as disance visual acuity, binocular horizontal visual field, simple and choice visual reaction times, and stereoscopic vision in skilled 11- to 13-yr.-old basketball players participating in a 15-day summer training camp. On a test battery, visual abilities were monitored in 473 players of the Spanish Basketball Federation over a 5-yr. period. The players showed outstanding scores on distance visual acuity and stereoscopic vision, and good visual reaction times and horizontal visual fields. When scores were compared by sex and age, significant differences on certain visual measures were observed. Many layers showed crossed eye-hand dominance. Visual screening programs may help promote visual health among junior basketball players and could be used for performance training. 相似文献
67.
Alberto Maydeu-Olivares Uwe Kramp Carlos García-Forero David Gallardo-Pujol Donna Coffman 《Behavior research methods》2009,41(2):295-308
Despite a hundred years of questionnaire testing, no consensus has been reached on the optimal number of response alternatives
in rating scales. Differences in prior research may have been due to the use of various psychometric models (classical test
theory, item factor analysis, and item response theory) and different performance criteria (reliability, convergent/discriminant
validity, and internal structure of the questionnaire). Furthermore, previous empirical studies on this issue have tackled
the experimental design from a between-subjects perspective, thus ignoring intra-individual effects. In contrast with this
approach, we propose a within-subjects experimental design and a comprehensive statistical methodology using structural equation
models for studying all of these aspects simultaneously, therefore increasing statistical power. To illustrate the method,
two personality questionnaires were examined using a repeated measures design. Results indicated that as the number of response
alternatives increased, (1) internal consistency increased, (2) there was no effect on convergent validity, and (3) goodness
of fit worsened. Finally, the article assesses the practical consequences of this research for the design of future personality
questionnaires. 相似文献
68.
Alberto Voltolini 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2009,8(1):135-150
In his (2001a) and in some related papers, Tim Crane has maintained that intentional objects are schematic entities, in the sense that, insofar as being an intentional object is not a genuine metaphysical category, qua objects of thought intentional objects have no particular nature. This approach to intentionalia is the metaphysical counterpart of the later Husserl's ontological approach to the same entities, according to which qua objects of thought intentionalia are indifferent to existence. But to buy a metaphysically deflationary approach does not mean to buy an ontologically deflationary approach, according to which we have to accept all the intentional objects there apparently are. Being metaphysically deflationary on intentionalia rather means that from the ontological point of view one must really allow only for those intentionalia for which one is entitled to say that there are such things; typically, for which an ontological proof is available. From metaphysical schematism plus conditional, or partial, ontological committment to intentionalia, further interesting consequences follow. First, this theoretical combination allows one to deal with the ‘too-many entities’ problem (may one fail to accept an ontological proof for an entity of a given kind if she thinks that the entity we would have to be committed to is an entity of another kind?). Second, it allows one to deal with the ‘genuinely true report’ problem (how is it that if we exercise mindreading with respect to a somehow deluded person, we want our reports to come out as really, not merely fictionally, true?). 相似文献
69.
John Greco 《Synthese》2007,158(3):299-302
I take issue with two claims that Duncan Pritchard makes in his recent book, Epistemic Luck. The first concerns his safety-based response to the lottery problem; the second his account of the relationship between
safety and intellectual virtue. 相似文献
70.
Antonio C ndido Antonio Maldonado Alicia Rodrí guez Alberto Morales 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B: Comparative and Physiological Psychology》2002,55(2):171-184
The main finding of these experiments was a positive contrast effect in one-way avoidance learning. Experiment 1 showed that increasing safety time during one-way avoidance training led to improved performance, surpassing that of a control group that had received the high reward (safe time) from the beginning of training. Experiment 2 showed that a similar positive contrast effect occurred when the time spent in the danger compartment before the onset of the warning signal was shortened. These results suggest that time spent in a safe context acts as a reinforcer of the avoidance response; however, its incentive value depends not only on its duration, but also on the length of the time spent in the danger compartment before the onset of the signal. Overall, results also suggest that the avoidance response is a mixture of flight (motivated by fear) and approach (to a safe place) behaviour. The specific weight of the flight or approach component may be a function of the time and the amount of activation of each emotional state (fear or relief) due to opponent homeostatic compensatory processes that occur in the danger and safe compartments during one-way avoidance learning. 相似文献