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51.
Eliezer Schnall Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller Charles Swencionis Vance Zemon Lesley Tinker Mary Jo O'Sullivan 《Psychology & health》2013,28(2):249-263
Some studies suggest that religiosity may be related to health outcomes. The current investigation, involving 92,395 Women's Health Initiative Observational Study participants, examined the prospective association of religious affiliation, religious service attendance, and strength and comfort from religion with subsequent cardiovascular outcomes and death. Baseline characteristics and responses to religiosity questions were collected at enrollment. Women were followed for an average of 7.7 years and outcomes were judged by physician adjudicators. Cox proportional regression models were run to obtain hazard ratios (HR) of religiosity variables and coronary heart disease (CHD) and death. After controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and prior health variables, self-report of religious affiliation, frequent religious service attendance, and religious strength and comfort were associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality [HR for religious affiliation = 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75–0.93] [HR for service attendance = 0.80; CI: 0.73–0.87] [HR for strength and comfort = 0.89; CI: 0.82–0.98]. However, these religion-related variables were not associated with reduced risk of CHD morbidity and mortality. In fact, self-report of religiosity was associated with increased risk of this outcome in some models. In conclusion, although self-report measures of religiosity were not associated with reduced risk of CHD morbidity and mortality, these measures were associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality. 相似文献
52.
Alasdair M. Goodwill Skye Stephens Sandra Oziel Shankari Sharma Jared C. Allen Nicola Bowes Robert Lehmann 《Journal of Investigative Psychology & Offender Profiling》2013,10(1):71-95
The current study seeks to advance the faceted multidimensional scaling (termed FMDS) procedure used in much of the investigative psychology research. To this end, recent research on street robbery by Goodwill and colleagues will be utilised to illustrate the effectiveness of a facet scale method for offender profiling. Four FMDS themes of street robbery (Con, Blitz, Confrontation and Snatch) were revealed by the crossing of two underlying axial facets: the offenders' level of violence and interaction with the victim. The facet scale method, utilising offenders' axial facet scores, was compared to previous count, proportional and centroid classification methods in the prediction of offender criminal histories. Utilising logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses, the axial facet scale method was found to significantly outperform the qualitatively based dominant theme classification methods that typically employ angular and radial facets for FMDS interpretation. Implications for the use of axial facet scales within FMDS analysis for offender profiling research are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
53.
Alasdair Urquhart 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2010,39(4):453-472
Quine has argued that modal logic began with the sin of confusing use and mention. Anderson and Belnap, on the other hand,
have offered us a way out through a strategy of nominalization. This paper reviews the history of Lewis’s early work in modal
logic, and then proves some results about the system in which “A is necessary” is intepreted as “A is a classical tautology.” 相似文献
54.
55.
In an earlier paper entitled Synonymous Logics, the authors attempted to show that there are two modal logics so that each is exactly translatable into the other, but they
are not translationally equivalent. Unfortunately, there is an error in the proof of this result. The present paper provides
a new example of two such logics, and a proof of the result claimed in the earlier paper. 相似文献
56.
Alasdair Urquhart 《Studia Logica》1981,40(4):391-404
An Ockham lattice is defined to be a distributive lattice with 0 and 1 which is equipped with a dual homomorphic operation. In this paper we prove: (1) The lattice of all equational classes of Ockham lattices is isomorphic to a lattice of easily described first-order theories and is uncountable, (2) every such equational class is generated by its finite members. In the proof of (2) a characterization of orderings of with respect to which the successor function is decreasing is given. 相似文献
57.
The purpose of this research was to assess the effectiveness of an intergenerational program for youth. Findings indicated that, after participating in the program, youth had more favorable attitudes toward the elderly and more knowledge of the aging process than youth in the control group. The program did not appear to have a direct effect on participants' willingness to volunteer, although results indicated that willingness to volunteer may increase indirectly through the improved attitudes of participants toward the elderly. 相似文献
58.
Elizabeth R. Drake Lori Engler-Todd Annette M. O'Connor Linda C. Surh Alasdair Hunter 《Journal of genetic counseling》1999,8(4):217-233
Objective:
To develop and evaluate a decision aid designed to prepare patients of advanced maternal age for counseling about prenatal diagnostic testing.
Setting:
A regional genetics center.
Design:
A before/after study.
Interventions:
Participants used an audioguided workbook to learn about options and outcomes and to clarify personal risks, values, questions, and predispositions.
Subjects:
21 women of advanced maternal age and 17 spouses.
Main outcome measures:
Knowledge of prenatal testing alternatives, decisional conflict, level of anxiety, and acceptability of the decision aid.
Results:
After using the decision aid, participants had significantly reduced decisional conflict (uncertainty) and a significant increase in knowledge. There was no effect on state or trait anxiety. More than three-quarters of participants were satisfied with the length, clarity, balance, and acceptability of the decision aid.
Conclusions:
The decision aid shows promise as a useful aid for preparing couples for counseling. 相似文献
59.
Vance DE 《Perceptual and motor skills》2005,100(2):330-332
Arthritic pain and subsequent immobility are common in people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and in persons of older ages. It is hypothesized that such pain may contribute to psychomotor impairment commonly observed with HIV and aging. Empirical evaluation of this hypothesis among older persons with HIV and consideration of treatment should be undertaken. 相似文献
60.
Thomas M. Reimers Michael D. Vance Rosemary J. Young 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1995,28(2):231-232
We examined the effectiveness of simulation training to teach an adolescent male with Crohn disease to self-administer nasogastric tube insertion. Nasogastric tube insertion was taught using simulation training, after which self-insertion skills were assessed. Results across skill components indicated that this subject was able to self-administer insertion of the nasogastric tube. 相似文献