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101.
Changes in identity are critical to managing transitions to recovery from substance and alcohol addictions. Identity change is particularly important for mothers, whose recovery processes are often in the context of critical but complex family relationships and societal expectations. But research and practice often underestimate the relational dimensions that promote or inhibit changes in one's identity during recovery. Here we analyze data from a study that involved interviews with 30 formerly incarcerated women participating in a community-based substance use treatment program in the Midwest. Drawing from Constructivist Grounded Theory Methods, our analysis identified three factors shaping levels of engagement with family members: (1) the relational consequences of a shared past; (2) ascribing permanence to the old identity of “addict” versus the ability to see women's capacity to change; and (3) the current provision of caregiving support to participants’ children. Our analysis supports and extends existing research by highlighting how family can both promote and inhibit a recovery identity process. We discuss potential implications for theorizing “recovery” and “identity” as relational and identify key elements to support practices more attuned to the hidden complexity of family support. 相似文献
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Lena Jelinek Colette Stockbauer Michael Kellner Steffen Moritz 《Behaviour research and therapy》2010,48(7):680-685
It has been proposed that the organization of the worst moment in traumatic memories (“hotspots”) is of particular importance for the development of PTSD. However, current knowledge regarding the organization and content of worst moments is incomplete.In the present study, trauma survivors with (n = 25) and without PTSD (n = 54) were asked to indicate the worst moment of their trauma and to give a detailed narrative of the traumatic event. The worst moment and the remaining narrative were analyzed separately with regard to organization and emotional content.Results indicated that worst moments of trauma survivors with PTSD differed from the remaining narrative and from worst moments described by trauma survivors without PTSD in that they were characterized by more unfinished thoughts, more use of the present tense and lower levels of cognitive processing. However, hypotheses regarding differentiating emotional content were not supported. Implications for our theoretical understanding of PTSD and potential therapeutic interventions are discussed. 相似文献
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Vincent Prohaska Denise Celestino Tiffany Dangleben Pamela Sanchez Alana Sandoval 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2018,37(2):432-435
How does the clutter in people’s lives affect their sense of home and well-being? Why do some people (specifically non-white individuals) have too much clutter, and too many possessions, and is clutter related to procrastination? We examined the relation of clutter to psychological sense of home, subjective well-being, procrastination (both decisional and routine), and the need for cognition. Our participants (n = 192) were predominantly non-White, urban college students. Results confirmed prior research indicting negative relations between clutter and both the psychological sense of home and subjective well-being, plus a negative relation between clutter and need for cognition. Clutter was positively related to both forms of procrastination examined. The two forms of procrastination differed in their relation to need for cognition, supporting the view of decisional and routine procrastination as two distinct sub-types of procrastination. 相似文献
107.
Steffen Moritz Itimad Lasfar Klaus Michael Reininger Isgard Ohls 《The International journal for the psychology of religion》2018,28(2):103-120
Fostering interfaith tolerance may help to reduce religious tensions. The authors examined the attitudes of Christians, Muslims, and people with no religious affiliation toward different religions and explored whether their negative attitudes toward other faiths could be ameliorated. Participants (N = 298) were asked about their attitudes toward Judaism, Christianity, and Islam before they were randomly assigned to either a metacognitive intervention or an educational intervention. Information was conveyed in a simple narrative form in the educational condition. In the metacognitive condition, participants were first asked apparently simple questions that frequently elicited incorrect responses. This was followed by corrective information. Both Christian and Muslim participants appraised their own religion as the most peaceful and tolerant. The educational approach was more effective in reducing stereotypes about Islam among non-Muslims, whereas the metacognitive approach was more successful in lessening prejudice about Christianity among Muslims. Muslims displayed overconfidence in their responses related to religious topics. 相似文献
108.
Alana M. Campbell Deana B. Davalos David P. McCabe Lucy J. Troup 《Personality and individual differences》2011,51(6):720-725
Executive functions and extraversion have been linked to similar neurological substrates. Participants were tested on a variety of tasks that assessed performance on three components of executive functioning (i.e., shifting, updating, and inhibition) and two measures of extraversion (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised and Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales). More extraverted participants showed different patterns of executive function performance than the more introverted participants. Extraverts performed best on more difficult tasks and on updating tasks. Conversely, introverts performed best on set shifting tasks. These results suggest that executive functioning strengths differ based on degree of extraversion. 相似文献
109.
Steffen Moritz Nathalie Wess András Treszl Lena Jelinek 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》2011,41(3):135-143
The attention training technique (ATT) is a cognitive treatment method that is aimed at ameliorating intrusive thoughts in
anxiety disorders. To the best of our knowledge, no randomized controlled study has yet been conducted on individuals with
obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). For the present study, we recruited 80 participants with OCD over the internet and allocated
them to an experimental (ATT implemented as bibliotherapy) or a wait-list condition. Assessments were made at baseline and
four weeks later. Groups performed similar at both time points on the self-report version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive
Scale (Y-BOCS) and the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-revised (OCI-R). The present study speaks against the effectiveness
of ATT as a stand-alone bibliotherapeutical approach for OCD. From our data and increasing evidence that OCD patients do not
suffer from severe attention or executive deficits we consider an approach targeting attentional biases for certain OCD-related
events more useful than a generic (i.e., OCD-unspecific) cognitive remediation approach. 相似文献
110.
Blonigen DM Patrick CJ Gasperi M Steffen B Ones DS Arvey RD Baumgartl Vde O do Nascimento E 《心理评价》2011,23(1):18-30
Integrity testing has long been utilized in personnel selection to screen for tendencies toward counterproductive workplace behaviors. The construct of externalizing from the psychopathology literature represents a coherent spectrum marked by disinhibitory traits and behaviors. The present study drew on a sample of male and female undergraduates to examine the construct network of the Personnel Reaction Blank (PRB; H. G. Gough, R. D. Arvey, & P. Bradley, 2004), a measure of integrity, in relation to externalizing as well as normal-range personality constructs assessed by the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; A. Tellegen & N. G. Waller, 2008). Results revealed moderate to strong associations between several PRB scales and externalizing, which were largely accounted for by MPQ traits subsumed by Negative Emotionality and Constraint. After accounting for MPQ traits in the prediction of externalizing, a modest predictive increment was achieved when adding the PRB scales, particularly biographical indicators from the Prosocial Background subscale. The findings highlight externalizing as a focal criterion for scale development in the integrity testing literature and help delineate the construct network of the PRB within the domains of personality and psychopathology. 相似文献