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961.
Mindfulness Training for Parents and Their Children With ADHD Increases the Children’s Compliance 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nirbhay N. Singh Ashvind N. Singh Giulio E. Lancioni Judy Singh Alan S. W. Winton Angela D. Adkins 《Journal of child and family studies》2010,19(2):157-166
Children with ADHD are often non-compliant with parental instructions. Various methods have been used to reduce problem behaviors
in these children, with medication and manipulation of behavioral contingencies being the most prevalent. An objection often
raised by parents is that these management strategies require them to impose external control on the children which not only
results in the children not learning self-control strategies, but also does not enhance positive interactions between them
and their parents. Studies have shown that providing mindfulness training to parents, without a focus on reducing problem
behaviors, can enhance positive interactions with their children and increase their satisfaction with parenting. We were interested
to see what effects giving mindfulness training to two mothers, and subsequently to their children, would have on compliance
by the children. Using a multiple baseline across mothers and children design, we found that giving a mother mindfulness training
enhanced compliance by her child. When the children were subsequently given similar training, compliance increased even more
markedly, and was maintained during follow-up. The mothers reported associated increases in satisfaction with the interactions
with their children and happiness with parenting. We suspect that the mindfulness training produces personal transformations,
both in parents and children, rather than teaching strategies for changing behavior. 相似文献
962.
Many species have been shown to encode multiple sources of information to orient. To examine what kinds of information animals
use to locate a goal we manipulated cue rotation, cue availability, and inertial orientation when the food-storing Clark’s
nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) was searching for a hidden goal in a circular arena. Three groups of birds were used, each with a different goal–landmark
distance. As the distance between the goal and the landmark increased, nutcrackers were less accurate in finding the correct
direction to the goal than they were at estimating the distance (Experiment 1). To further examine what cues the birds were
using to calculate direction, the featural cues within the environment were rotated by 90° and the birds were either oriented
when searching (Experiments 2 and 3) or disoriented (Experiment 3). In Experiment 4, all distinctive visual cues were removed
(both internal and external to the environment), a novel point of entry was used and the birds were either oriented or disoriented.
We found that disorienting the nutcrackers so that they could not use inertial cues did not influence the birds’ total search
error. The birds relied heavily but not completely on cues within the environment, as rotating available cues caused them
to systematically shift their search behavior. In addition, the birds also relied to some extent on Earth-based cues. These
results show the flexible nature of cue use by the Clark’s nutcracker. Our study shows how multiple sources of spatial information
may be important for extracting multiple bearings for navigation. 相似文献
963.
Mendelsohn AL Brockmeyer CA Dreyer BP Fierman AH Berkule-Silberman SB Tomopoulos S 《Infant and child development》2010,19(6):577-593
The goal of this study was to determine whether verbal interactions between mothers and their 6-month-old infants during media exposure ('media verbal interactions') might have direct positive impacts, or mitigate any potential adverse impacts of media exposure, on language development at 14 months. For 253 low-income mother-infant dyads participating in a longitudinal study, media exposure and media verbal interactions were assessed using 24-hour recall diaries. Additionally, general level of cognitive stimulation in the home [StimQ] was assessed at 6 months and language development [Preschool Language Scale-4] was assessed at 14 months. Results suggest that media verbal interactions play a role in the language development of infants from low-income, immigrant families. Evidence showed that media verbal interactions moderated adverse impacts of media exposure found on 14-month language development, with adverse associations found only in the absence the these interactions. Findings also suggest that media verbal interactions may have some direct positive impacts on language development, in that media verbal interactions during the co-viewing of media with educational content (but not other content) were predictive of 14-month language independently of overall level of cognitive stimulation in the home. 相似文献
964.
965.
The role of depression symptoms in dialysis withdrawal. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Elizabeth A McDade-Montez Alan J Christensen Jamie A Cvengros William J Lawton 《Health psychology》2006,25(2):198-204
Among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis, death from withdrawal from life-sustaining dialysis is increasingly common. The present study's objective was to examine depression as a potential risk factor for hemodialysis withdrawal. Two hundred forty ESRD hemodialysis (133 male and 107 female) patients were followed for an average of 4 years after depression symptom assessment. Of these, 18% withdrew from dialysis. Using multivariate survival analysis and after controlling for the effects of age (p < .001) and clinical variables, the authors found that level of depression symptoms was a unique and significant predictive risk factor for the subsequent decision to withdraw from dialysis (p < .05). The potential impact that depression may have on the decision to withdraw from hemodialysis should be considered by health care providers, patient families, and patients. 相似文献
966.
Alan Hanft Melissa Burnham Beth Goodlin‐Jones Thomas F. Anders 《Infant mental health journal》2006,27(2):141-151
This longitudinal, year‐long study compared sleep–wake state organization in two groups of infants–infants whose mothers abused substances during their pregnancies and nonexposed, typically developing, age‐matched comparison infants–to determine whether differences in sleep–wake state organization existed between the two groups. Seventeen infants of mothers who were participating in a parent–infant residential treatment program for substance abuse were enrolled. Their sleep–wake state organization over the first year of life was compared to that of 17 age‐matched comparison infants. The intent was to follow each infant on five occasions over the first year of life using established methods of time‐lapse videosomnography to record sleep–wake state organization; however, attrition in the substance‐abusing group was problematic. Some sleep–wake variables (i.e., Active Sleep%, Quiet Sleep%, Awake%, number of nighttime awakenings) were similar for both groups of infants at comparable ages across the first year. Total sleep time and the longest sustained sleep period (sleep continuity variables) differed significantly at some of the ages measured. Although overall sleep architecture appears highly resilient and well organized, some indications of sleep fragmentation and shortened nighttime sleep periods were observed in the substance‐exposed infants. More research is needed to explain why sleep‐continuity variables and not sleep‐state proportion variables differed between the two groups. 相似文献
967.
968.
Keeping the Body in Mind: The Influence of Body Esteem and Body Boundary Aberration on Consumer Beliefs and Purchase Intentions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This research explores the influence of consumers’ body‐related information on beliefs and purchase intentions toward products for which the consumption experience is significantly and directly determined by body‐related information (e.g., feel, fit, sense of safety) when the products are bought in body‐absent purchase environments such as the Internet. We examine the effects of consumers’ body esteem (i.e., like or dislike of one's body) and body boundary aberration (variation in the perceived location of the edges of one's body) in the context of apparel purchases that are made on the Internet. Body esteem had a positive influence on involvement with apparel, and body boundary aberration had a negative influence on consumers’ overall concern with the fit of apparel. Involvement with apparel and overall concern with fit, in turn, significantly influenced consumers’ intentions to purchase apparel online. Consequently, consumers with high body esteem were less likely to buy on the Internet and those with high body boundary aberration were more likely to buy. 相似文献
969.
Ken Alan Jung 《Reviews in Religion & Theology》2006,13(3):340-342
Book reviewed:
Belonging , Lucinda Mosher, Church Publishing 2005 (1-59627-010-1), 186 pp., pb $15.00 相似文献
Belonging , Lucinda Mosher, Church Publishing 2005 (1-59627-010-1), 186 pp., pb $15.00 相似文献
970.
Jane L. Tavares Edward Alan Miller Jeffrey Allan Burr 《Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging》2019,31(2):187-202
Chronic stress weakens the immune system and leads to heightened bodily inflammation, which in turn is linked with serious health conditions. This study examined whether religiosity moderates the relationship between stress and inflammation (measured by C-reactive Protein (CRP)). A sample of 4,734 community-dwelling older adults was drawn from the 2006 wave of the Health and Retirement Study. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between chronic stress (8-item index), inflammation (high CRP level), and religiosity (organizational, nonorganizational, and intrinsic), controlling for other factors. Higher levels of stress were significantly associated with high inflammation/CRP (p = .039). Further, intrinsic religiosity acted as a moderator of this relationship (p = .024), such that the relationship between stress and inflammation is lessened for persons with higher levels of intrinsic religiosity. Higher intrinsic religiosity attenuated the effects of stress on inflammation, suggesting that individuals with stronger religious commitment/motivation may better cope with stress. 相似文献