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301.
Alain Schrlig 《Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis》1996,5(2):160-164
It is not only people who may disappear, nor one's keys. It may also be the optimum that one was so certain of being able to grasp and that so suddenly reveals itself to be totally elusive. And the situation then becomes dramatic, as with people, or utterly confused, as with the loss of keys: a familiar element is suddenly missing and one does not know how, nor where, to look for it. However, in contrast with the disappearance of a person that provokes action based on rational behaviour—notification of the police, broadcasting of a notice of search—the disappearance of the optimum begets reactions that are unpredictable, irrational or even ideological. Instead of its absence being accepted and action taken accordingly, its absence is denied. Why does the optimum vanish under certain conditions? And why does one not accept to admit that fact? Those are the two questions that we shall examine. We shall start with the second one, which presents a more straightforward approach to the problem. 相似文献
302.
Jos Morais Sao Luis Castro Leonor Scliar-Cabral R gine Kolinsky Alain Content 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》1987,39(3):451-465
The hypothesis that awareness of phonemic segments influences the way in which speech is perceived was examined. Illiterate adults, who generally lack awareness of segments, were compared with literates, who are aware of the segmental structure of speech, on the recognition of words presented dichotically. A group of people who learned to read and write but who do it only occasionally was also tested. The results indicated much better performance in literates than in illiterates or semiliterates. In addition, literates made proportionally more single-segment errors, especially those limited to the first consonant, and fewer global errors, i.e. on all the segments of a syllable, than illiterates. On the other hand, phonetic feature blendings were as frequent in illiterates as in literates. It is suggested that awareness of segments allows attention to be focused on the phonemic constituents of speech and thus contributes to better recognition in difficult listening conditions. However, awareness of segments does not influence the preattentive extraction of phonetic information.
The hypothesis that awareness of phonemic segments influences the way in which speech is perceived was examined. Illiterate adults, who generally lack awareness of segments, were compared with literates, who are aware of the segmental structure of speech, on the recognition of words presented dichotically. A group of people who learned to read and write but who do it only occasionally was also tested. The results indicated much better performance in literates than in illiterates or semiliterates. In addition, literates made proportionally more single-segment errors, especially those limited to the first consonant, and fewer global errors, i.e. on all the segments of a syllable, than illiterates. On the other hand, phonetic feature blendings were as frequent in illiterates as in literates. It is suggested that awareness of segments allows attention to be focused on the phonemic constituents of speech and thus contributes to better recognition in difficult listening conditions. However, awareness of segments does not influence the preattentive extraction of phonetic information. 相似文献
The hypothesis that awareness of phonemic segments influences the way in which speech is perceived was examined. Illiterate adults, who generally lack awareness of segments, were compared with literates, who are aware of the segmental structure of speech, on the recognition of words presented dichotically. A group of people who learned to read and write but who do it only occasionally was also tested. The results indicated much better performance in literates than in illiterates or semiliterates. In addition, literates made proportionally more single-segment errors, especially those limited to the first consonant, and fewer global errors, i.e. on all the segments of a syllable, than illiterates. On the other hand, phonetic feature blendings were as frequent in illiterates as in literates. It is suggested that awareness of segments allows attention to be focused on the phonemic constituents of speech and thus contributes to better recognition in difficult listening conditions. However, awareness of segments does not influence the preattentive extraction of phonetic information. 相似文献
303.