Effectiveness of nursing counseling on coping and depression in women undergoing in vitro fertilization

The purpose of present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of counseling provided by nurses on depression and coping strategies of infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (N=67). Of the 84 women who were interviewed, 30 were accepted as a comparison group, and 37 were included in the study group. The study group women were given counseling in addition to routine nursing care services, including group education and individual interviews about treatment and coping strategies. The nurses also provided support by accompanying the women during the invasive procedures. The Beck Depression Inventory and Jalowiec's Coping Strategies Form were used for measurements. All the women were using emotional coping and had moderate depression prior to the study. There was no statistically significant difference between the comparison and study groups before or after the counseling with respect to depression and coping strategies. Parameters to evaluate the efficacy of counseling are discussed.     

The Meaning of Parental Control in Migrant,Sending, and Host Communities: Adaptation or Persistence?

The goal of the present study was to investigate whether migrant adolescents tend to adopt the host culture's view of parental control or whether they are inclined to reaffirm their heritage culture with regard to the meaning assigned to parental control. The hypotheses regarding the level and meaning of parental control were tested on 296 Turkish‐Belgian adolescents, 306 Turks in Turkey, and 304 Belgians in Belgium with median ages of 16, 17, and 16, respectively. Although migrants reported the highest level of parental control, their ratings of parental warmth, satisfaction with the relationships with their parents, and self‐esteem did not correlate with parental control as was the case among Belgians. The findings suggest that traditional parenting is accentuated in migrant families, and that there is continuity in the traditional meaning of parental control in migration. Findings are discussed with reference to contextual factors that may reinforce culture maintenance in migration. Le but de cette recherche était d’étudier le sens que des adolescents immigrés assignaient au contrôle parental: adoptent‐ils la culture d’accueil ou ont‐ils plutôt tendance à réaffirmer leur héritage culturel? Des hypothèses tenant compte du niveau et de la signification du contrôle parental ont été testées auprès de 296 adolescents Turcs‐Belges, 306 Turcs de Turquie et 304 Belges de Belgique dont les âges médians étaient respectivement de 16, 17 et 16 ans. Bien que les immigrés présentent un plus haut niveau de contrôle parental, leurs résultats concernant la chaleur parentale, la satisfaction de leurs relations avec leurs parents, et l’estime de soi n’étaient pas corrélés avec le contrôle parental contrairement aux adolescents Belges. Ces résultats montrent que l’éducation traditionnelle est accentuée dans les familles immigrées, et que la signification traditionnelle accordée au contrôle parental persiste dans l’immigration. Ces résultats sont discutés en référence à des facteurs contextuels pouvant renforcer le maintien de la culture d’origine dans l’immigration.