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161.
Nakamura S 《Perceptual and motor skills》2006,102(3):899-904
Slowly moving foreground induces an illusory self-motion perception in the same direction as its motion direction (inverted vection). In this study, the effects of motion type of the foreground stimulus on inverted vection were investigated using a sample of 3 men and 1 woman. As indices of perceived strength of the inverted vection, duration and estimated magnitude were measured. Analysis of the psychophysical experiment indicated that a translating foreground induced inverted linear vection in the same direction as the stimulus motion. However, a rotating foreground did not induce an inverted roll vection. Statistical analyses indicate that there is a significant difference between two foreground motion conditions (Duration: t3=14.54, p <.01; Estimation: t3=16.92, p<.01). This result supports the hypothesis that eye-movement information is responsible for the occurrence of inverted vection. 相似文献
162.
In the present study it was investigated whether children recognized deletions more accurately than additions in pictures of animate objects as a function of age between 4 and 6 years. Children, presented pictures of cats with features added to or deleted from the original pictures, judged whether the pictures were the same or different as those in a test of recognition. Analysis showed both 5-yr.-olds and 6-yr.olds discovered deletions more accurately than additions. This asymmetric effect is in accord with that of adults, with whom the same stimuli were used in earlier research, but are contrary to previous studies in which additions were recognized more accurately than deletions when inanimate objects were stimuli. Asymmetric effects, that is, greater recognition accuracy for deletions may be related to children's being uncomfortable about modified pictures of animals. 相似文献
163.
Mukai A 《Psychological reports》2006,99(2):547-561
According to previous research, the variability of lists in eliciting false recall in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm is large. A list structure made by Mukai, in which people's names were used as critical lures, was used to investigate the variability of lists. The materials were composed of 6 pairs of lists, in which the critical lure and its contextually associated study item (referred to as critical presented item) were assumed to play an important role in eliciting false recall. 80 participants (M age = 21.7 yr.; SD = 2.6) were tested. The difference of the list pair in eliciting false recall was positively correlated with list pair differences in free association rate from critical presented item to critical lure (r = .82, p < .05) and negatively correlated with the length of critical lure (r = -.94, p <.01). It was shown that the variability of lists in eliciting false recall can be explained by these two factors. Moreover, the length of the lure was also negatively correlated with an index of unsuccessful source monitoring (r = -.87, p < .05). The results were discussed in terms of the activation/monitoring theory. 相似文献
164.
165.
Alok Singh A. P. Tsai M. Nakamura M. Watanabe A. Kato 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(9):543-551
Extensive microstructural studies have been performed with respect to the formation of the icosahedral quasicrystalline phase and its relationship to other phases in Mg 95 Zn 4.2 Y 0.8 alloy. The icosahedral phase forms as an intergranular eutectic phase as well as precipitates in the matrix. The precipitates are nanosized (typically 50 nm) with a definite orientation relationship with the matrix, sharply faceted on twofold planes which are on the basal and prismatic planes of the matrix. The detailed crystallographic relationship with the matrix is described. The icosahedral phase is occasionally found to coexist with the cubic W-Zn 3 Mg 2 Y 3 phase with a definite crystallographic relationship. 相似文献
166.
Y. Yamada K. Shimojima M. Mabuchi M. Nakamura T. Asahina T. Mukai 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(4):215-220
The mechanical properties of open-cellular epoxies with a cubic prism structure have been investigated by compressive tests with angles between the beam and the load direction of 0o (90o) and 45o. When the angle was 45o, the stress fluctuated in a plateau region about a roughly constant flow up to a strain of 77%. However, when the angle was 0o (90o), the flow stress changed significantly with the strain passing through a series of peaks. The absorption energy per unit volume was found to be essentially independent of the angle between the beam and the load direction. 相似文献
167.
Kuninori Nakamura 《Thinking & reasoning》2013,19(2):178-204
Although a distinction between moral-personal and moral-impersonal dilemmas (Greene, Sommerville, Nystrom, Darley, & Cohen, 2001) has been widely accepted as an explanation for a difference between the trolley and footbridge dilemmas (Thomson, 1985), its psychometric properties remain a mystery. In this study 219 participants completed 62 moral dilemma tasks used in Greene et al. (2001), and the correlation structure among the dilemmas was analysed through factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Findings suggest that, first, moral-personal dilemmas are composed of one factor, indicating that the assumption in Greene et al. (2001) was supported. Second, moral-impersonal dilemmas are explained by two factors that reflect procedural and consequential aspects of decision making. Third, the trolley and footbridge dilemmas fall under the same factor category; therefore the difference between the two dilemmas cannot be attributed to emotional involvement. Additionally, the results of the structural equation modelling suggest that they differ in the engagement of rational processing. 相似文献
168.
Although pigeons have been shown to be susceptible to several size and length illusions, other avian species have not been tested intensively for illusory perception. Here we report how bantams perceive the Zöllner figure, in which parallel lines look nonparallel due to short crosshatches superimposed on the lines. Watanabe et al. (Cognition 119:137–141, 2011) showed that pigeons, like humans, perceived parallel lines as nonparallel but that the orientation of subjective convergence was opposite to that of humans. We trained three bantams to peck at the narrower (or wider) of the two gaps at the end of a pair of nonparallel lines. After adapting them to target lines with randomly oriented crosshatches (which result in no apparent illusion to humans), we tested the bantams’ responses on randomly inserted probe trials, in which crosshatches that should induce the standard Zöllner-like illusion for humans replaced the randomly oriented ones. The results suggested bantams, like pigeons, perceive a reversed Zöllner illusion. 相似文献
169.
Wai‐Yung Lee Shin‐Ichi Nakamura Moon Ja Chung Young Ju Chun Meng Fu Shu‐Chuan Liang Cui‐Lian Liu 《Family process》2013,52(3):499-518
The purpose of this study was to explore variations in how contemporary couples from five different Asian regions negotiate disagreements. Video recordings of 50 couples (10 each from Japan, Korea, Mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong) discussing unresolved disagreements provided raw data for quantitative and qualitative analyses. First, teams of coders from each region used a common protocol to make quantitative ratings of content themes and interaction patterns for couples from their own region. An interregional panel of investigators then performed in‐depth qualitative reviews for half of these cases, noting cultural differences not only in observed patterns of couple behavior but also in their own perceptions of these patterns. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses revealed clear regional differences on dimensions such as overt negativity, demand‐withdraw interaction, and collaboration. The qualitative results also provided a richer, more nuanced view of other (e.g., gender‐linked) conflict management patterns that the quantitative analyses did not capture. Inconsistencies between qualitative and quantitative data and between the qualitative observations of investigators from different regions were most pronounced for couples from Korea and Japan, whose conflict styles were subtler and less direct than those of couples from the other regions. 相似文献
170.