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101.
The present study examined the relationship between measures of life change and reported physical and psychological symptoms as a function of the person's degree of sensation-seeking motivation (SSM) and of social support. A sample of firefighters was tested and showed that, contrary to previous reports, those relatively high in SSM showed a significantly stronger relationship between life change and illness than did those relatively low in SSM. Social support, however, did act to reduce the relationship between change and illness, in line with the evidence from previous investigations. 相似文献
102.
Instrumental learning of preschool children in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and Australia (AUST) was compared using two tasks (imitative and nonimitative) and two rewards (social and nonsocial). There were no differences between the two groups in the rate of acquisition measure of trials to criterion. PNG children made more late responses during acquisition and, for nil responses, there were group x task and group x reward x task effects. In the extinction phase, there were two main effects for trials to criterion: PNG children were more resistant to extinction than AUST children, and there was greater persistence in responding after social reward regardless of nationality. Reward x group, reward x task, and reward x group x task interactions also were observed in the extinction trials to criterion. In addition, there were three main task effects during extinction for other responses: on the imitative task, more wrong responses were made, and on the nonimitative task, more extra responses and more paired responses were made. A subsidiary analysis compared the two culturally different but educationally similar groups comprising the PNG sample: no major differences were isolated in acquisition or extinction. 相似文献
103.
An analysis of the mirror-image discrimination literature revealed a number of inconsistent and paradoxical results. A unifying conception was proposed and it was argued that lateral mirror-image stimuli constitute a special class of problems on which effective performance is related to the introduction of an asymmetrical event into the task. Some implications were derived and tested in two experiments. First, five different response modes were compared for children required to discriminate two lateral or up-down mirror-image stimulus pairs. Acquisition was significantly faster on the latter problems. On the former, it was shown that responding to just one side of the lateral mirror-image stimuli led to significantly faster learning. Subsequent generalization tests indicated control by one part of the stimulus display for those who responded to one side. Next, Ss unable to learn the problem in Experiment I were given further acquisition trials. Only those children given training designed to promote selective stimulus control learned the problem. 相似文献
104.
105.
Auditory thresholds have been determined for the goldfish by six groups of workers and the data in the experiments varied by as much as 20–30 dB. In order to isolate the basis for this variability, auditory thresholds were determined using conditioned suppression of respiration and method of limits. These thresholds were very similar to those obtained with avoidance conditioning and a tracking method for threshold determination. Acoustic procedures were kept constant in the two series of experiments, and it appears that wide variation in auditory thresholds for goldfish shown in different experiments is due to acoustic conditions in the experiments. 相似文献
106.
107.
Studies in Religious Fundamentalism. Ed. L. Caplan The Macmillan Press Ltd, 1987 ISBN 9 78033 419748 £29.50(h/b).
Trying Trialogues: Pluralism and Prejudicial Pluralism. David Kerr and Dan Cohn‐Sherbok (editors). Christians, Muslims and Jews, Conference of Christians, Muslims and Jews, Birmingham, 1984, no price given. pp.IV, 384 相似文献
108.
A high-voltage radio-frequency stimulator was used as a source of motivational footshock in studies of conditional suppression. The circuit of the stimulator is presented schematically, then discussed in terms of affect induced by, gross behavioral response to, and electrical characteristics of, the stimulus. Near daily use of the stimulator across 6 months of formal assessment revealed that nonscrambled presentations of footshock via a grid of aluminum bars invariably resulted in stimulation of rat Ss and generated highly efficient conditional suppression of operant responding. While the stimulator was primarily designed to permit unconfounded presentation of gridshock in a 2,450-MHz microwave field, its simplicity and reliability suggest application in other situations requiring motivational shock. 相似文献
109.
Clarke A. Burnham 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1969,5(1):29-32
Three experiments were conducted to test the proposition that engagement in motor activity in a given direction favors the perception of stimulus movement consistent with that direction. Ss simultaneously turned a crank and viewed a stimulus capable of apparent reversal of direction.Experiments 1A and 1B demonstrated that the perceived initial direction of rotation was more stable when it was consistent with the motor activity of the viewer than when it was inconsistent. Experiment 2 demonstrated that when Ss were instructed to perceive a particular direction of rotation for a period of time they tended to engage in motor activity consistent withthatdirection.The results were interpreted as supporting an efference theory of perception. 相似文献
110.
D. M. Vowles M. Vince Mark P. Haggard Anne Treisman P. R. F. Clarke 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1967,19(3):280-283
Nervous and Hormonal Mechanisms of Integration: Symposia of the Society for Experimental Bilogy, No. 20. Edited by G. M. Hughes. London: Cambridge University press. 1966. Pp. viii + 553. 75s.
Essential Works of Pavlov. Edited with an Introduction by Muchael Kaplan. New York: bantam Books. 1966. Pp. xiii + 392. $1.25.
Psycholinguistic Papers. Proceedings of the Edinburgh Conference 1966. Edited by J. Lyons and R. J. Wales. Edinburgh University Press. 1966. Pp. 243. 42s.
On Human Communication. By Colin Cherry. 2nd edition. London and Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press. 1966. Pp. xiv + 337. 80s.
Psycholigical Principles Appropvite to Socal and Cinical Problems. By John C. Raven. London: H. K. Lewis. 1966. Pp. xx + 187. 25s. 相似文献
Essential Works of Pavlov. Edited with an Introduction by Muchael Kaplan. New York: bantam Books. 1966. Pp. xiii + 392. $1.25.
Psycholinguistic Papers. Proceedings of the Edinburgh Conference 1966. Edited by J. Lyons and R. J. Wales. Edinburgh University Press. 1966. Pp. 243. 42s.
On Human Communication. By Colin Cherry. 2nd edition. London and Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press. 1966. Pp. xiv + 337. 80s.
Psycholigical Principles Appropvite to Socal and Cinical Problems. By John C. Raven. London: H. K. Lewis. 1966. Pp. xx + 187. 25s. 相似文献