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251.
Timothy Chan 《Philosophical Studies》2008,139(3):395-414
In this article I argue that two received accounts of belief and assertion cannot both be correct, because they entail mutually
contradictory claims about Moore’s Paradox. The two accounts in question are, first, the Action Theory of Belief (ATB), the
functionalist view that belief must be manifested in dispositions to act, and second, the Belief Account of Assertion (BAA),
the Gricean view that an asserter must present himself as believing what he asserts. It is generally accepted also that Moorean
assertions are absurd, and that BAA explains why they are. I shall argue that ATB implies that some Moorean assertions are,
in some fairly ordinary contexts, well justified. Thus BAA and ATB are mutually inconsistent. In the concluding section I
explore three possible ways of responding to the dilemma, and what implications they have for the nature of the constitutive
relationships linking belief, assent and behavioural dispositions.
相似文献
Timothy ChanEmail: |
252.
准确地评定患儿的同意能力,保障患儿的同意权得以有效行使,有利于尊重患儿的人格尊严,促进患儿身心健康。从患儿同意能力和同意权的角度出发,简要回顾了美国患儿同意产生的背景,介绍了美国患儿同意的现状,并对其进行了一定的分析和评价,希望对促进我国患儿同意的发展起到一定的借鉴作用。 相似文献
253.
Adrian Voßkühler Volkhard Nordmeier Lars Kuchinke Arthur M. Jacobs 《Behavior research methods》2008,40(4):1150-1162
In the present article, a new software is introduced that allows the recording and analyzing of eye- and mouse-tracking data
from slideshow-based experiments in parallel. The Open Gaze and Mouse Analyzer (OGAMA) is written in C#.NET and has been released
as an open-source project. Its main features include slide-show design, the recording of gaze and mouse data, database-driven
preprocessing and filtering of gaze and mouse data, the creation of attention maps, areas-of-interest definition, and replay.
Eyetracking and/or presentation soft- and hardware recordings in ASCII format can be imported. Data output is provided that
can be used directly with different statistical software packages. Because it is open source, one can easily adapt it to suit
one’s needs. 相似文献
254.
Laboratory studies have demonstrated the ability of names to prime stereotypes. To apply these theories and test the effect of name‐based ethnic stereotypes on housing discrimination, 1,115 inquiry e‐mail messages were sent to landlords advertising apartment vacancies in Los Angeles County over 10 weeks (6 weeks before the conflict with Iraq began in March 2003 and 4 weeks during the conflict). One of three names that implied either Arab, African American, or White ethnicity was randomly assigned to each of the messages sent. African American and Arab names received significantly fewer positive responses than the White name, and the African American name fared worst of all. This pattern held true in all rent categories, in corporate and privately owned apartment complexes, and before and during the war in Iraq. 相似文献
255.
Richard Joiner Jeff Gavin Mark Brosnan Charles Crook Jill Duffield Alan Durndell Jane Guiller Pam Maras Adrian J Scott 《Cyberpsychology & behavior》2006,9(4):410-414
This paper reports a study investigating the relationship between Internet identification and future Internet use. We predict that Internet identification is stable over time and that it is predictive of future use. The participants were 216 undergraduate students (184 females and 32 males) from five universities in the United Kingdom. They completed a questionnaire concerning their use of the Internet and a measure of Internet identification at the start of the academic year and at the end of the academic year. We found that Internet identification measured at the beginning of the academic year was positively related to Internet identification measured at the end of the academic year. Furthermore, there was a positive relationship between Internet identification and future general Internet use and a positive relationship between Internet identification and future educational Internet use. 相似文献
256.
Jeonghun Ku Hee Jeong Jang Kwang Uk Kim Sung Hyouk Park Jae Jin Kim Chan Hyung Kim Sang Won Nam In Young Kim Sun I Kim 《Cyberpsychology & behavior》2006,9(5):531-539
This study examined whether a virtual avatar could be perceived as a real human by patients with mental disease, especially schizophrenia, as well as whether a virtual avatar could be applied to acquiring patients' behavior characteristics in a short conversation situation. The virtual avatar has been used for various applications which need to communicate with other person or to train or educate by showing humanlike behavior. Recently, many researches have shown that the virtual avatar technology has been enhanced and the avatar could be perceived like real human. A virtual avatar, standing in a virtual room, was designed for this study. Tasks to approach, initiate a talk, and answer to avatar's questions was assigned to the 11 patients with schizophrenia. As behavioral parameters in the virtual environment, the interpersonal distance and the verbal response time were acquired. In addition, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for patients was administered in order to investigate the relationship between patients' symptomatic characteristics and behavior parameters. The interpersonal distance was negatively correlated with the negative syndrome scale, a subscale of PANSS, which is consistent with previous research reporting the relationship between interpersonal distance and a real person's image. The verbal response time, however, was not correlated with any other subscale of PANSS. After analyzing subitems of the negative syndrome of PANSS, two positive correlations were found: one was with blunted affect and the other was with poor rapport. We concluded that the virtual avatar could be perceived as a real human by schizophrenic patients and the avatar could draw the schizophrenic patients' behavior characteristics. 相似文献
257.
Journal of Psycholinguistic Research - This study investigated the effects of semantic transparency of Chinese disyllabic compound words on Chinese as a second language (CSL) learners’... 相似文献
258.
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic Emily Bennett Adrian Furnham 《Personality and individual differences》2007,42(8):1633-1639
This study examined the relationship between the Big Five personality traits (Gosling et al., 2003), trait emotional intelligence (EI) (Petrides & Furnham, 2001) and happiness (Argyle et al., 1989) in a sample of 112 (61 female) student and non-student participants. Strong dispositional determinants of happiness were identified. In line with previous findings, four of the Big Five, namely stability, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, were positively correlated with both happiness and trait EI, which explained 18% of unique variance (over and above age and the Big Five) in happiness. Furthermore, a significant amount of shared variance between happiness and the Big Five was explained by trait EI, which partly mediated the paths from stability and conscientiousness to happiness, and fully mediated the link between agreeableness and happiness. Limitations and implications are discussed. 相似文献
259.
Multiple pathways from stress to suicidality and the protective effect of social support in Hong Kong adolescents 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Two theoretical models were constructed to illustrate how stressful events, family and friends support, depression, substance use, and death attitude mutually influence to create cumulative risks for suicide. The models were evaluated using structural equation modeling. Results showed that suicidality was strongly predicted by death attitude, depression, and substance use which together form a dangerous combination of risk factors at the personal level. Within the adolescent's social environment, stressful events increased suicidality through intensifying depression, substance use, and death acceptance, whereas family and friends support lowered it, partly through reducing stress and death acceptance. The effect (direct and indirect combined) of family support was much stronger than that of friends support. Enhancing stress coping ability, promoting positive family relationships, and attacking attitudes supportive of death might be the best strategies to prevent youth suicide. 相似文献
260.
Lisa Nugent Sean Donahue Mia Berberat Yee Chan Justin Gier Ilpo Koskinen Tuuli Mattelmäki 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》2007,20(4):269-279
In this paper, we describe a design study on how families in Los Angeles experience nature, with a particular focus on how
using alternative formats for research analysis and presentation can enrich a design research inquiry. Conducted in Pasadena,
CA as a part of Super Studio, the year-long design research class emphasized knowledge building and sharing through design
methods of analysis, exhibition, and concept prototypes. After conducting interviews and engaging participants with probes,
the class built the results into an open-ended knowledge environment. The main observation from the exhibition – that Angelenos
have a limited vocabulary for describing nature and their interaction with it – helped to define the opportunity for design
intervention that created connection points between Angelenos and nature. There are few attempts to describe how probe returns
evolve into design concepts. Showcased is a process that depends on the unique affordances of design as the vehicle for discovery
and invention. 相似文献