六岁儿童入学問題的心理学研究

一、六岁入学問題的意义 解放以来,我国的教育事业在党的領导下发展迅速,不論在学校数量上或教学貭量上都有显著的增长和提高。学校制度也在不断地改进。1952年會在小学推行过五年一貫制的学校制度,但由于种种原因,只实行了几年,没有继續。1958年全国工农业出現了新的大跃进形势,教育事业也有了改革的迫切要求。党明确地提出了教育为无产阶級政治服务,教育与生产劳动相结合的方針。为貫彻党的教育方針,教育部門提出了改革教育的种     

Aversive control of self-injurious behavior in a psychotic boy

Two studies are reported which indicate how quickly and effectively chronic self-injurious behavior was controlled in a 9-yr-old blind psychotic boy. In the first study, the self-injurious responses were punished by contingent withdrawal of human physical contact. In the second study, response-contingent electric shock was employed.     

Varying temporal placement of an added stimulus in a fixed-interval schedule

One paradigm for exploring stimulus effects on behavior is defined for steady state experiments. The paradigm is illustrated by a 60-sec fixed-interval reinforcement schedule wherein a 6-sec light is introduced into each interval. The temporal relation of this stimulus to the reinforcer is the independent variable that is systematically explored. Two experiments studied this temporal relation under two parametric conditions: (a) when the 6-sec light occurs once in each 60-sec interval, (b) when the 6-sec light occurs twice in each interval, the second time always during the 6 sec immediately preceding the reinforcer. Functions are presented showing the effect of the 6-sec light on responding at all points in the fixed-interval.