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141.
Brian Lickel Abraham M. Rutchick Steven J. Sherman 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2006,42(1):28-39
Three studies investigated perceivers’ beliefs about the principles by which different kinds of social groups govern interactions among group members. In Study 1, participants rated a sample of 20 groups on a set of group properties, including measures of relational principles used within groups. Results showed that people believe that interactions in different types of groups are governed by different blends of relational principles unique for each type of group. Study 2 experimentally demonstrated that perceivers could use minimal group property characteristics of different types of groups (i.e., extent of group member interaction, group size, duration, and permeability) to make inferences about the relational principles used in different types of groups. Study 3 demonstrated that relational style information influences people’s judgments of a group’s entitativity and collective responsibility. 相似文献
142.
David Rose Edouard Machery Stephen Stich Mario Alai Adriano Angelucci Renatas Berninas Emma E. Buchtel Amita Chatterjee Hyundeuk Cheon In‐Rae Cho Daniel Cohnitz Florian Cova Vilius Dranseika ngeles Eraa Lagos Laleh Ghadakpour Maurice Grinberg Ivar Hannikainen Takaaki Hashimoto Amir Horowitz Evgeniya Hristova Yasmina Jraissati Veselina Kadreva Kaori Karasawa Hackjin Kim Yeonjeong Kim Minwoo Lee Carlos Mauro Masaharu Mizumoto Sebastiano Moruzzi Christopher Y. Olivola Jorge Ornelas Barbara Osimani Carlos Romero Alejandro Rosas Lopez Massimo Sangoi Andrea Sereni Sarah Songhorian Paulo Sousa Noel Struchiner Vera Tripodi Naoki Usui Alejandro Vzquez del Mercado Giorgio Volpe Hrag Abraham Vosgerichian Xueyi Zhang Jing Zhu 《No?s (Detroit, Mich.)》2019,53(1):224-247
143.
Abraham M. Rutchick David L. Hamilton Jeremy D. Sack 《European journal of social psychology》2008,38(6):905-921
The extent to which a set of people is perceived as a meaningful group, as one entity, is called entitativity. In this paper, we propose that there are two qualitatively different group construals, or ways of thinking, about groups: as dynamic groups or as categorical groups. Two experiments investigated this distinction. An analogy was used to induce these construals by having participants think of the same group (the group “bees”) either dynamically (as the interacting members of a hive) or categorically (as the members of the species). We then gave participants information about a social group and assessed the impact of the construal manipulation on how that information was processed. Study 1 showed that perceivers recall and report different perceptual cues (similarity and interaction characteristics, respectively) when groups are thought of in these different ways. Study 2 showed that judgments of entitativity are differentially based on a group's similarity versus interaction under these different group construals. The results suggest that group construals change the properties on which entitativity is based. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
144.
Flaspohler P Duffy J Wandersman A Stillman L Maras MA 《American journal of community psychology》2008,41(3-4):182-196
Capacity is a complex construct that lacks definitional clarity. Little has been done to define capacity, explicate components
of capacity, or explore the development of capacity in prevention. This article represents an attempt to operationalize capacity
and distinguish among types and levels of capacity as they relate to dissemination and implementation through the use of a
taxonomy of capacity. The development of the taxonomy was informed by the capacity literature from two divergent models in
the field: research-to-practice (RTP) models and community-centered (CC) models. While these models differ in perspective
and focus, both emphasize the importance of capacity to the dissemination and sustainability of prevention innovations. Based
on the review of the literature, the taxonomy differentiates the concepts of capacity among two dimensions: level (individual, organizational, and community levels) and type (general capacity and innovation-specific capacity). The proposed taxonomy can aid in understanding the concept of capacity
and developing methods to support the implementation and sustainability of prevention efforts in novel settings. 相似文献
145.
Abraham L Halpern John H Halpern Sean B Doherty 《Philosophy, ethics, and humanities in medicine : PEHM》2008,3(1):21
After revelations of participation by psychiatrists and psychologists in interrogation of prisoners at Guantánamo Bay and
Central Intelligence Agency secret detention centers, the American Psychiatric Association and the American Psychological
Association adopted Position Statements absolutely prohibiting their members from participating in torture under any and all
circumstances, and, to a limited degree, forbidding involvement in interrogations. Some interrogations utilize very aggressive
techniques determined to be torture by many nations and organizations throughout the world. This paper explains why psychiatrists
and psychologists involved in coercive interrogations violate the Geneva Conventions and the laws of the United States. Whether
done with ignorance of professional ethical obligations or not, these psychiatrists and psychologists have crossed an ethical
barrier that may best be averted from re-occurring by teaching medical students and residents in all medical specialties about
the ethics principles stemming from the 1946–1947 Nuremberg trials and the Geneva Conventions, together with the Ethics Codes
of the World Medical Association and the American Medical Association; and, with regard to psychiatric residents and psychological
trainees, by the teaching about The Principles of Medical Ethics With Annotations Especially Applicable to Psychiatry and the Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, respectively. In this way, all physicians and psychologists will clearly understand that they have an absolute moral obligation
to "First, do no harm" to the human beings they professionally encounter. 相似文献
146.
147.
Abraham W. Wolf 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》2003,33(2):129-143
John C. Norcross has made significant contributions in the areas of the transtheoretical model of change, psychotherapy integration, and empirically supported psychotherapy relationships. This interview explores the contributions of pragmatic philosophy and his personal upbringing to his work as a psychotherapy researcher and practitioner. Dr. Norcross discusses the status of the psychotherapy integration movement, the work of the Task Force on Empirically Supported Psychotherapy Relationships, and future trends in psychotherapy over the next 25 years. He emphasizes the importance of a methodological rigor that recognizes the unique characteristics of the psychotherapy relationship. He describes his current interest in the psychotherapy of psychotherapists, illustrating it with his personal challenges in balancing work and home. 相似文献
148.
149.
The author discusses secrets--phantoms--that are unconsciously passed on within a family from one generation to the next. They are experienced as foreign bodies and are not physically processed. A special technique is needed to decode them in the analytic process. 相似文献
150.
Abraham Mansbach 《Ratio》1997,10(2):157-168
In this paper I argue that although Heidegger's Being and Time and 'The Origin of the Work of Art,' seem to deal with different topics, there is continuity between these two texts. In the latter Heidegger was trying to solve a central problem that arose in the former: how to account for authentic existence and at the same time overcome the anthropocentrism of traditional philosophy.
In Being and Time Heidegger tries to overcome traditional philosophy, by redefining human existence in non-Cartesian terms. Yet, his treatment of the problem of the Self preserves one of the main tenets of that tradition: its anthropocentrism. This anthropocentrism is implicit in Dasein and further reinforced by the notion of the hero as the paradigm and channel of authentic existence.
In 'The Origin of the Work of Art,' Heidegger solves that problem. Placing man at the periphery and the work of art at the centre of his endeavours, gives works of art a special status similar only to that of heroes. Works of art open up new horizons for generations to come by drawing in advance the paths for authentic behaviour.
This shift is more than merely methodological. Heidegger overcomes not only the anthropocentrism of his previous analysis but also the instrumentality that derived from that anthropocentrism, thus revealing the essence of things. 相似文献
In Being and Time Heidegger tries to overcome traditional philosophy, by redefining human existence in non-Cartesian terms. Yet, his treatment of the problem of the Self preserves one of the main tenets of that tradition: its anthropocentrism. This anthropocentrism is implicit in Dasein and further reinforced by the notion of the hero as the paradigm and channel of authentic existence.
In 'The Origin of the Work of Art,' Heidegger solves that problem. Placing man at the periphery and the work of art at the centre of his endeavours, gives works of art a special status similar only to that of heroes. Works of art open up new horizons for generations to come by drawing in advance the paths for authentic behaviour.
This shift is more than merely methodological. Heidegger overcomes not only the anthropocentrism of his previous analysis but also the instrumentality that derived from that anthropocentrism, thus revealing the essence of things. 相似文献