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ABRAHAM H. MASLOW 《The Journal of Humanistic Counseling》1991,29(3):103-108
Edward Hoffman's (Editor) Note. It is ironic that Abraham H. Maslow's humanistic approach has been criticized as ignoring the need for empirical validation, because he always invited precisely such criticism from colleagues. In the late 1960s Maslow even worried over the fact that his speculations were being too eagerly accepted as “gospel” rather than as scientific theory. In this unpublished paper written in October, 1966, Maslow sought to make explicit some of humanistic psychology's unproven axioms and assumptions. 相似文献
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The present study examined the relation between attachment concerns of mothers and three of their close relationships: with their husband, best woman friend, and infant. Forty-live mothers completed an Attachment Concerns Questionnaire based on the Hazan and Shaver attachment measure, and the Sharabany Intimacy scale regarding their relationships with their husband and with their same-sex best friend; they were also observed with their infants (aged 14 to 22 months) in the Ainsworth Strange Situation procedure. Mothers’attachment concerns were significantly correlated both to their infants’attachment classifications and to reunion scores in the Strange Situation procedure (e.g., concern with closeness was positively correlated with avoidance; fear of abandonment was positively correlated with avoidance and resistance). Intimacy with husband and best woman friend were also correlated with mothers’attachment concerns (e.g., concern with closeness was negatively correlated with intimacy with the husband and fear of abandonment was negatively correlated with intimacy with the best friend). The findings are discussed in terms of the concept of an internal working model of attachment, and, in light of the similarity and the modular hypotheses regarding the nature of relationships and concordance among relationships. 相似文献
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This study examines how trust, connectivity and thriving drive employees' innovative behaviors in the workplace. Using a sample of one hundred and seventy two employees across a variety of jobs and industries, we investigated the relationship between trust, connectivity (both measured at Time 1), thriving and innovative work behaviors (both measured at Time 2). Trust and connectivity were hypothesized to create a nurturing environment that enables people to thrive and be innovative in their work. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) indicate a sequential mediation model in which connectivity mediates the relationship between trust and thriving, and thriving mediates the relationship between connectivity and innovative behaviors. The theoretical and practical implications for employee thriving and innovative behaviors at work are discussed. 相似文献
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STEVEN R. H. BEACH DANIEL J. WHITAKER DEBORAH J. JONES ABRAHAM TESSER 《Personal Relationships》2001,8(3):231-248
Two studies addressed five issues concerning complementarity in romantic relationships and suggest that complementarity deserves a new look. Dating couples (N= 28 couples) and married couples (N= 43). were given performance feedback to assess effects on self and perceived partner relevance. We found that comparison with a partner but not comparison with a stranger prompted complementarity (Study 1). Comparison resulted in complementarity and did not merely change self‐image (Studies 1 and 2). Both outperforming the partner and being outperformed by the partner can prompt complementarity (Study 2). Ceding areas to the partner in response to being outperformed was relatively automatic (Study 2). And, degree of development in the relationship influenced response to comparison‐feedback (Studies 1 and 2). Findings suggest that partners in romantic relationships automatically protect their views of the relationship as a “team” by increasing “perceived complementarity” in response to differential performance feedback. 相似文献
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Except for a few rough estimates, the literature contains no precise data on the relative size of each correctable artifact in a meta-analysis. The purpose of the present study was to determine these proportions and see if artifacts were related to various sample and subpopulation parameters. The study confirmed the notion that sampling error accounts for the bulk of the total artifactual variance (i.e., more than 90% for small or medium samples and more than 70% for large samples, e.g., N = 500). Nevertheless, variation in the percentages of each artifact was found to be primarily a function of sample size and mean correlation. Total artifactual variance was found to be a function of subpopulation correlation differences and sample size. Practical implications of the results are presented. 相似文献
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The present study evaluated accuracy levels of seven techniques for ascertaining, after a meta-analysis, whether moderators are present or not: (a) SH-75% rule for uncorrected r , (b) SH-75% rule for corrected r, (c) SH-95% rule for uncorrected r , (d) SH-95% rule for corrected r, (e) the Q statistic; (f) inclusion of 0 in the credibility interval around the corrected r, and (g) the size of the interval. Using Monte Carlo data which were defined by various parameters including sample based artifacts, comparisons of Type I and power determinations were generated. Findings showed that when differences between population correlations were small, power levels for all techniques were relatively low. Overall, SH rules and the Q statistic had greater power but higher Type I error rate than credibility intervals. Because of the high Type I error rate associated with both of the SH-95% techniques and the low power found with the credibility intervals, the SH-75% rules and Q statistic are recommended. Limitations and some practical implications for the findings are discussed. 相似文献
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ABRAHAM P. BUUNK 《Personal Relationships》2006,13(4):397-409
A study among 103 married individuals examined how the responses to a story about an individual with a happy marriage that was characterized by either high or low effort were moderated by relationship satisfaction and social comparison orientation (SCO). As individuals were higher in SCO, the high‐effort couple evoked more positive affect and more identification and the low‐effort couple evoked more negative affect and less identification. Furthermore, the higher the SCO, the more positive affect and identification those high in relationship satisfaction experienced in response to the targets. In the high‐effort condition, but not in the low‐effort condition, identification mediated between relationship satisfaction and SCO and the affective responses. Independent of induced effort, a higher degree of perceived effort was, especially among those high in relationship satisfaction, associated with a higher level of identification. Finally, relationship satisfaction induced relatively more identification with the target among men, married people, and relatively older people. 相似文献
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ABRAHAM H. MASLOW 《The Journal of Humanistic Counseling》1991,29(3):121-122
Edward Hoffman's (Editor) Note. At the end of Abraham H. Maslow's life, he became increasingly convinced that the ability to feel—and express—gratitude easily is an important, badly neglected attribute of emotional health. Conversely, Maslow viewed the widespread presence of ingratitude in our society—whether among family members and relatives, neighbors, coworkers, or clients and counselors—as a definite sign of emotional pathology. After a major heart attack in 1967, Maslow developed an acute sensitivity to human life's fragility and preciousness. During that period, he wrote but never published this brief, undated article. Maslow, however, incorporated these intriguing ideas into several of his last experiential seminars in 1970. 相似文献