江苏道教音乐

江苏道教音乐是经过了一个漫长的历史阶段,在吸收了多方面营养后逐渐形成的。东汉时期,茅山修炼士周太宾善鼓琴,昔教孙登独弦,能弹成八音。晋时,茅山著名道士葛洪《抱扑子·内篇》中记载“撞金伐革,讴歌踊跃”,这说明在茅山的宗教仪式中已有边敲打。边唱歌、边舞蹈的音乐形式。其中的乐曲《华夏颂》和《步虚声》就是当时流行的名曲。南北朝时期,茅山道士陶弘景,在陆修静基础上进一步整理,创立了道教茅山派的科仪和音乐。隋唐时期,道教音乐受到帝室重视,江苏道教音乐有很大发展。这一时期,江苏道教主要有茅山上清道派和正一道派…     

河北省道协组团参访香港

应香港道教蓬瀛仙馆邀请,河北省道协组团一行6人于1997年1月22日至29日,对蓬瀛仙馆、香港道教联合会、信善紫阙玄观等多处道教宫观进行了友好、成功的访问。访问团以会长黄信阳为团长,在港先后参访拜谒了蓬瀛仙馆及其附属机构和省善真堂、竹林仙馆、香港道教联合会、信善紫问玄观、圆玄学院、青松观祖坛、云泉仙馆、飞雁洞佛道社等多处道教官观。访问团所到之处,均受到热情接待。1月23日在蓬瀛仙馆西楼客厅,访问团成员与永远馆长丘福雄先生、卢维干理事长、黎显华副理事长及诸理事进行了热情友好的座谈。黄信阳会长介绍了河北省道协成…     

当前家庭教育存在的若干问题

当前家庭教育存在的若干问题肖创东戢太坤家庭教育对孩子道德品格、行为习惯的定格,往往具有根本性的作用。家庭是孩子的第一直接环境,家庭关系、家庭长者的言谈举止,都会对孩子产生潜移默化的影响。常言说,父母是孩子第一任启蒙老师,是很有道理的。随着社会的发展,...     

追踪作业中几种心理负荷评估指标敏感性的研究

本研究在模拟追踪作业情境下 ,对主任务绩效测定、主观评定和若干生理测量在心理负荷评估中的敏感性进行了实验。实验采用重复测量的被试者内设计 ,2 0名被试 (男女各半 )在六档负荷下分别从事五分钟追踪作业。所选用的指标有追踪作业平均误差距离、追踪警告次数、主观负荷评定、心率、心率变异和血压。结果发现 :1主任务绩效在评估追踪作业心理负荷中具有最高的敏感性 ,主观评定次之 ,心率变化率和心率变异变化率也随负荷变化 ,血压指标随负荷变化的趋势不明显 ;2除血压指标外 ,其余各指标之间均存在明显的相关 ,这提示它们在评估追踪作业心理负荷中具有较大的可靠性。     

近代:响彻人间的天国颂歌——“基督教与西方文学”之三

近代：响彻人间的天国颂歌——“基督教与西方文学”之三●刘光耀史惠风我们曾长久地在心里追问：当整个西方世界完成了向基督教上帝的皈依之后,那吸引着诗人们不得不凝神关注、不得不作出回答的,究竟是什么？他们为谁而歌吟？他们的灵感从何来？缪斯吗？缪斯曾帮助荷马...     

The Patient Self-Determination Act and Advance Directives: Snapshots of Activities in a Tertiary Health Care Center

This study describes the results of a retrospective review of patients' charts who had an advanced directive (AD) and who were hospitalized in a tertiary, acute care teaching hospital. The purpose of the review was to understand from clinical, sociological, ethical and legal perspectives the nature and utility of ADs. Findings and implications of the review are discussed in terms of: patient demographics; diagnoses; quality of ADs; influence of ADs on clinical decisions; and legal aspects of ADs.     

Clinical pragmatism: a method of moral problem solving

This paper presents a method of moral problem solving in clinical practice that is inspired by the philosophy of John Dewey. This method, called "clinical pragmatism," integrates clinical and ethical decision making. Clinical pragmatism focuses on the interpersonal processes of assessment and consensus formation as well as the ethical analysis of relevant moral considerations. The steps in this method are delineated and then illustrated through a detailed case study. The implications of clinical pragmatism for the use of principles in moral problem solving are discussed.     

Ethical issues in cochlear implant surgery: an exploration into disease, disability, and the best interests of the child

This paper examines ethical issues related to medical practices with children and adults who are members of a linguistic and cultural minority known as the DEAF-WORLD. Members of that culture characteristically have hearing parents and are treated by hearing professionals whose values, particularly concerning language, speech, and hearing, are typically quite different from their own. That disparity has long fueled a debate on several ethical issues, most recently the merits of cochlear implant surgery for DEAF children. We explore whether that surgery would be ethical if implants could deliver close to normal hearing for most implanted children, thereby diminishing the ranks of the DEAF-WORLD. The ethical implications of eugenic practices with the DEAF are explored, as are ethical quandaries in parental surrogacy for DEAF children, and their parallels in transracial adoption.     

The Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine of the Council of Europe

The Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine developed by the Council of Europe, now undergoing ratification, is the first international treaty focused on bioethics. This article describes the background of the Convention's development and its general provisions and provides a comparison of its requirements with those of federal regulations governing research with human subjects. Although most provisions are comparable, there are significant differences in scope and applicability, for example, in the areas of compensation for injury, research participation by persons with limited capacity to consent, assisted reproduction, organ transplantation, and research in emergency situations. The Convention represents a milestone in international bioethics and protection of human rights that will probably be referred to with increasing frequency.     

Automation bias: decision making and performance in high-tech cockpits

Automated aids and decision support tools are rapidly becoming indispensable tools in high-technology cockpits and are assuming increasing control of"cognitive" flight tasks, such as calculating fuel-efficient routes, navigating, or detecting and diagnosing system malfunctions and abnormalities. This study was designed to investigate automation bias, a recently documented factor in the use of automated aids and decision support systems. The term refers to omission and commission errors resulting from the use of automated cues as a heuristic replacement for vigilant information seeking and processing. Glass-cockpit pilots flew flight scenarios involving automation events or opportunities for automation-related omission and commission errors. Although experimentally manipulated accountability demands did not significantly impact performance, post hoc analyses revealed that those pilots who reported an internalized perception of "accountability" for their performance and strategies of interaction with the automation were significantly more likely to double-check automated functioning against other cues and less likely to commit errors than those who did not share this perception. Pilots were also lilkely to erroneously "remember" the presence of expected cues when describing their decision-making processes.