Sensation weighting in duration discrimination: A univariate,multivariate, and varied-design study of presentation-order effects

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics - Stimulus discriminability is often assessed by comparisons of two successive stimuli: a fixed standard (St) and a varied comparison stimulus (Co)....     

Frankl's concept of time: Existential psychotherapy with couples and families

In this article, Viktor Frankl's ideas about time are used to outline the basic curative factors in an Existential approach to psychotherapy with couples and families. In this approach, the future includes meaning potentials that are available to the couple or family; the present is the time to actualize such meaning potentials; and the past includes these meaning potentials which have been actualized by the couple or family and deposited forever in the past. The function of the psychotherapist in the described approach to treatment is to help the couple or family notice, actualize,and honorfamily meanings and family meaning potentials.     

Conceptual elaboration versus direct lexical access in WAIS-similarities: differential effects of white-matter lesions and gray matter volumes

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) subscale Similarities have been classified as a test of either verbal comprehension or of inductive reasoning. The reason may be that items divide into two categories. We tested the hypothesis of heterogeneity of items in WAIS-Similarities. Consecutive patients at a memory clinic and healthy controls participated in the study. White-matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and normalized temporal lobe volumes were measured based on Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI), and tests of verbal memory and attention were used in addition to WAIS-Similarities to collect behavioural data. Factor analysis supported the hypothesis that two factors are involved in the performance of WAIS-similarities: (1) semiautomatic lexical access and (2) conceptual elaboration. These factors were highly correlated but provided discriminative diagnostic information: In logistic regression analyses, scores of the lexical access factor and of the conceptual elaboration factor discriminated patients with mild cognitive impairment from Alzheimer’s disease patients and from healthy controls, respectively. High scores of WMH, indicating periventricular white-matter lesions, predicted factor scores of direct lexical access but not those of conceptual elaboration, which were predicted only by medial and lateral temporal lobe volumes.     

Tunnel memory for traumatic events

In four experiments subjects remembered the critical information in a traumatic slide as either more focused spatially than in its original presentation or more focused spatially than information in a matched neutral slide. Subjects comprehend a neutral scene by automatically extending its boundaries and understanding the visual information in a broader external context. However, when subjects are negatively aroused by a scene, they process more elaborately those critical details that were the source of the emotional arousal, and they maintain or restrict the scene's boundaries. ‘Tunnel memory’ results from this greater elaboration of critical details and more focused boundaries. Tunnel memory may explain the superior recognition and recall of central, emotion-arousing details in a traumatic event, as shown in previous research on emotion and memory. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Correction to: Sensation weighting in duration discrimination: A univariate,multivariate, and varied-design study of presentation-order effects

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics - Due to a printing error, the factor “2” was missing in the last line of Equation 9. It has now been reinstated. The original article has...     

Family logotherapy

This paper presents a model of family treatment based upon the ideas and concepts of Victor Frankl. Franklian principles and their use in family therapy are outlined and a brief review of Frankl's philosophy is used to clarify further the use of these ideas when working with the family group.