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A lie detection instrument, the Psychological Stress Evaluator, has been reported by the manufacturer as being capable of quantifying changes in the degree of “stress” as reflected by a subject's voice. Speech pathologists might consider the use of the instrument in clinical and research activities concerning the stutterer's emotional (stress) reaction to stuttering.To test the validity of the instrument, four stutterers and four normal speakers were recorded while making consecutive telephone calls. Randomized recordings were analyzed by a company trained technical to determine the degree of stress for each speech sample.Results indicated that both groups had a significant reduction of stress from the first to the fourth telephone call. However, the groups did not differ in the degree of stress during the ordered series of calls. Due to the inability of the Psychological Stress Evaluator to differentiate between the groups, the validity of the instruments is questioned. 相似文献
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Drugs,Sex, and Condoms: Identification and Interpretation of Race‐Specific Cultural Messages Influencing Black Gay and Bisexual Young Men Living with HIV 下载免费PDF全文
Gary W. Harper April Timmons Tyler Douglas Bruce Louis Graham Ryan M. Wade the Adolescent Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions 《American journal of community psychology》2016,58(3-4):463-476
Black gay and bisexual young men carry a disproportionate burden of HIV in the United States. This study explored Black gay and bisexual young men living with HIV's identification and interpretation of race‐specific cultural messages regarding substance use, sexual activity, and condom use. A total of 36 Black gay and bisexual young men living with HIV (ages 16–24, mean = 20.6 years) from four geographically diverse regions of the United States participated in qualitative in‐depth interviews. Results from this study elucidate the ways in which these young men interpret various forms of race‐specific cultural messages and experiences regarding substance use, sexual activity, and condom use. Participants discussed cultural messages and experiences promoting and discouraging condoms and substance use. Regarding sexual activity, only messages and experiences promoting sex were reported. Across all three categories, messages and experiences promoting risk were predominant. Data further revealed that socially transmitted cultural messages received by young men emanated from multiple sources, such as family, peers, sexual partners, community/neighborhood, and the broader society. Race‐specific cultural messages and experiences should be addressed in interventions for this population, and programs should assist young men in developing a critical consciousness regarding these messages and experiences in order to promote health and well‐being. 相似文献
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Moral phenomenology is (roughly) the study of those features of occurrent mental states with moral significance which are
accessible through direct introspection, whether or not such states possess phenomenal character – a what-it-is-likeness.
In this paper, as the title indicates, we introduce and make prefatory remarks about moral phenomenology and its significance
for ethics. After providing a brief taxonomy of types of moral experience, we proceed to consider questions about the commonality within and distinctiveness of such experiences, with an eye on some of the main philosophical issues in ethics and how moral phenomenology might be brought
to bear on them. In discussing such matters, we consider some of the doubts about moral phenomenology and its value to ethics
that are brought up by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and Michael Gill in their contributions to this issue.
相似文献
Mark Timmons (Corresponding author)Email: |
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Within cognitive science, mental processing is often construed as computation over mental representations—i.e., as the manipulation
and transformation of mental representations in accordance with rules of the kind expressible in the form of a computer program.
This foundational approach has encountered a long-standing, persistently recalcitrant, problem often called the frame problem;
it is sometimes called the relevance problem. In this paper we describe the frame problem and certain of its apparent morals
concerning human cognition, and we argue that these morals have significant import regarding both the nature of moral normativity
and the human capacity for mastering moral normativity. The morals of the frame problem bode well, we argue, for the claim
that moral normativity is not fully systematizable by exceptionless general principles, and for the correlative claim that
such systematizability is not required in order for humans to master moral normativity.
相似文献
Mark TimmonsEmail: |
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B A Timmons 《Perceptual and motor skills》1985,61(2):559-565
10 pairs of identical and 10 pairs of fraternal twins, matched by age, spoke under conditions of 0.0-, 100-, 200-, 300-, 400-, and 500-msec. delayed auditory feedback. Length of spoken passages was controlled. Product-moment and intraclass correlations were calculated for speaking times and disfluencies. Significant Pearson rs for times were noted at 0.0 and 300 msec. for both groups and at 100, 200, and 400 msec. for identical twins, while fraternal twins' times were significantly correlated at 500 msec. Difference scores were significantly correlated at 100, 200, 300, and 400 msec. for identical twins. Disfluencies were significantly correlated for identical twins at 400 msec. Data were combined with those of Timmons' (1969) study, increasing subjects to 21 pairs per group. Intraclass correlations supported the contention that responses of identical twin pairs to delayed auditory feedback were more highly correlated than those for fraternal twin pairs. 相似文献
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