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1.
冯友兰先生从"照着讲"<中国哲学史>(两卷本)转向"接着讲""贞元六书",他以逻辑分析法诠释程朱理学,创新出"理"、"气"、"道体"、"大全"四个主要概念与"真际"、"实际"两个世界,以及"自然"、"功利"、"道德"、"天地"四种境界,以自己独创的形而上学说明了宇宙与人生的问题,构建出"新理学"的哲学体系.依据冯先生一以贯之地把"提高人的精神境界"作为哲学的功能与作用、目的与意义,以及把人生哲学作为"新理学"的起点、巅峰与归宿,本文特地把他的"新理学的哲学体系"新诠为"新理学的人生哲学体系".冯先生创立"新理学"哲学体系的激情源于对抗战胜利的信心与对民族复兴的热望,其崇高的理想与精神境界则是"为万世开太平". 相似文献
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He Chen Yuxuan Dong Shaohan Jiang Zenghui Li Frank Krueger Yan Wu 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2023,26(1):23-38
People who consider themselves moral sometimes use self-serving justifications to rationalize their selfish behaviours. Previous studies have tested the role of ambiguity in justifying wrongdoings, but it remains unclear whether ambiguity also plays a role in justifying promise-breaking behaviour and whether heterogeneity exists. To investigate justification in promise-breaking, we introduced a new experimental paradigm called the card-guessing task and used hierarchical cluster analysis to classify participants based on their promise-breaking decisions in unambiguous and ambiguous conditions. Experiment 1 revealed three clusters of solutions: Cluster 1 always kept their promises (i.e., keepers); Cluster 2 only exploited the vague promises and broke their promises in the ambiguous condition (i.e., intermediates); Cluster 3 tended to take advantage of vague promises and broke their promises irrespective of ambiguity (i.e., breakers). Experiment 2 confirmed that participants in the three clusters differed in their norm-abiding preferences and social value orientations. Keepers were more altruistic and had a stronger sense of norm compliance than intermediates and breakers. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that self-serving justifications were more likely to be employed by people who are moderately sensitive to deviation from social norms, which has implications for strategic interventions and policy formulation concerning unethical behaviour. 相似文献
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Two studies examined the consequences of turnover, by investigating factors affecting the job satisfaction of people who remain (i. e., stayers) in response to a coworker (i. e., leaver) who departed for a better job. Consistent with Tesser and Campbell's (1983) self-esteem maintenance model, three factors were found to influence the job satisfaction level of stayers: (a) the extent to which they compared their job situation to the leaver's new one, which was negatively related to stayers’ level of satisfaction, (b) the relevance of the leaver to the stayer for social comparison purposes, which was negatively related to the stayers’ level of satisfaction, and (c) the stayers’ trait self-esteem, which was positively related to the stayers’ level of job satisfaction. Theoretical implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed. 相似文献
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婴儿共同注意能力的发展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本研究采用严格的实验室测验法,从年龄趋势、学习能力、性别差异三方面考察了8~11个月婴儿共同注意能力的发展。结果表明:1)婴儿的共同注意力在8~11个月间逐步提高,9个月左右出现显著的发展性变化,但1岁以前,该能力的发展水平都较低;2)就共同注意而言,婴儿具有从练习经验中学习的可能性,且学习能力存在年龄差异,8个月的婴儿基本不能从练习中受益,而8个月以上的其他三组婴儿在练习后共同注意水平都有不同程度的提高;3)总体而言,女婴共同注意能力的发展水平显著地高于男婴。 相似文献
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中小学四种典型类型学生人格特征的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本研究考察了中小学普遍存在的四种典型类型学生:A型学生、B型学生、C型学生和D型学生。这四种类型的学生在智力和非智力因素上存在差异;慎密性、克制性和显示性是影响中小学生学习质量和品德行为表现的重要人格特征。 相似文献
8.
A study of the appearance-reality distinction in American 3- to 5-year-olds was replicated with Chinese 3- to 5-year-olds. The error patterns, age changes, and absolute levels of performance were similar in the two samples. It was speculated that the acquisition of this distinction may be a universal, possibly age-linked development that is probably fueled by experiences with appearance-reality discrepancies that are available in all cultures. 相似文献
9.
以福利权衡率(WTR)为利他程度的指标,通过3个实验逐步深入地考察了得失情境下他人参照点及心理距离对自我-他人利益权衡的影响。实验1的结果表明,得失情境并未改变被试的WTR。实验2引入他人底线、现状和目标三个参照点变量,发现被试获益情境下的WTR高于损失情境,且WTR从高到低依次为他人临近底线、目标和现状;他人临近底线时,被试在获益情境下的WTR高于损失情境,而他人临近现状和目标时,个体在得失情境下的WTR无显著差异。实验3进一步引入心理距离变量,发现心理距离较近他人的WTR高于较远他人,且与得失情境和参照点发生了复杂的交互效应,得失情境的主效应消失了,但总体上并未改变实验2发现的参照点效应。这些结果对于更深入地理解得失不对称效应、三参照点理论及社会折扣和自我-他人决策差异研究的相关发现具有一定的启示意义。 相似文献
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