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Philosophical Studies - Traditionally, epistemologists have distinguished between epistemic and pragmatic goals. In so doing, they presume that much of game theory is irrelevant to epistemic... 相似文献
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In recent years, many scholars have suggested that the Baldwin effect may play an important role in the evolution of language.
However, the Baldwin effect is a multifaceted and controversial process and the assessment of its connection with language
is difficult without a formal model. This paper provides a first step in this direction. We examine a game-theoretic model
of the interaction between plasticity (represented by Herrnstein reinforcement learning) and evolution in the context of a
simple language game. Additionally, we describe three distinct aspects of the Baldwin effect: the Simpson–Baldwin effect,
the Baldwin expediting effect and the Baldwin optimizing effect. We find that a simple model of the evolution of language
lends theoretical plausibility to the existence of the Simpson–Baldwin and the Baldwin optimizing effects in this arena, but
not the Baldwin expediting effect. 相似文献
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Transfer of information between senders and receivers, of one kind or another, is essential to all life. David Lewis introduced a game theoretic model of the simplest case, where one sender and one receiver have pure common interest. How hard or easy is it for evolution to achieve information transfer in Lewis signaling?. The answers involve surprising subtleties. We discuss some if these in terms of evolutionary dynamics in both finite and infinite populations, with and without mutation. 相似文献
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Kevin J. S. Zollman 《Erkenntnis》2010,72(1):17-35
There is growing interest in understanding and eliciting division of labor within groups of scientists. This paper illustrates
the need for this division of labor through a historical example, and a formal model is presented to better analyze situations
of this type. Analysis of this model reveals that a division of labor can be maintained in two different ways: by limiting
information or by endowing the scientists with extreme beliefs. If both features are present however, cognitive diversity
is maintained indefinitely, and as a result agents fail to converge to the truth. Beyond the mechanisms for creating diversity
suggested here, this shows that the real epistemic goal is not diversity but transient diversity. 相似文献
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Kevin James Spears Zollman 《Synthese》2010,172(3):317-340
Conformity is an often criticized feature of human belief formation. Although generally regarded as a negative influence on reliability, it has not been widely studied. This paper attempts to determine the epistemic effects of conformity by analyzing a mathematical model of this behavior. In addition to investigating the effect of conformity on the reliability of individuals and groups, this paper attempts to determine the optimal structure for conformity. That is, supposing that conformity is inevitable, what is the best way for conformity effects to occur? The paper finds that in some contexts conformity effects are reliability inducing and, more surprisingly even when it is counterproductive, not all methods for reducing its effect are helpful. These conclusions contribute to a larger discussion in social epistemology regarding the effect of social behavior on individual reliability. 相似文献
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