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1.
索绪尔的宏大构想,是展示一个伟大发现:存在着种种神的名字,诗人以神秘而固定的样式创制出来,编织入(梵文、希腊文、拉丁文)古诗的行节中,这些名称经由依次选择数个特定的字,使其可被人理解。简括地说,索绪尔发现诗是双层的:行上覆行,字上覆字,词上覆词,能指上覆能指。这种变换字序以形成新词的圆转若环的现象,索绪尔以为到处都可见;他被它迷住了;若是听不到原初意义的籁籁细响,他就无法读一行诗。若干字结了盟,播撒遍了诗行,历历在目……意义决不是单一的,数个字形成一个词,虽则每个字理性上都是毫无意义的,字继续在我们身上寻觅它的自由,去意指别的什么。 相似文献
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十一届三中全会以来,以邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛为代表的中国共产党人,以毛泽东的终点为起点,在社会主义处于低潮,马克思主义受到挑战的国际大背景下,领导中国走上具有中国特色的社会主义发展道路.在新的国情和实践基础上,他们坚持和发展实事求是思想路线,不断总结经验,创新理论,从而将马克思主义中国化的事业不断推向前进.在党的十七大即将召开之际,总结、概括并把握马克思主义中国化的发展脉络和创新逻辑,对于21世纪中国特色社会主义的建设,必将具有十分重大的实践意义和理论价值. 相似文献
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Yi Lin 《Synthese》1989,79(3):473-488
In this paper, under the assumption that ZFC axiom system is consistent, the following are proved: (a) there is no system whose object set consists of all systems; (b) any system is not an object of itself; (c) any system is constructed with basic elements (elements which are not systems). Based on these results, the following problems in epistemology are discussed: the feasibility of the definition of the theory so-called science of science; the existence of basic particles in the world; and the existence of absolute truths.This paper was partially supported by Auburn University, presented atThe 20th Annual Spring Topology Conference, entitled The ZFC Axiom System and Problems in Epistemology. 相似文献
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实验使用电子计算机控制彩色图象显示器的屏幕来呈现视觉目标彩色光栅,以对人的颜色视觉进行对比感受性的测定。被试可以通过终端键盘改变光栅的各种变量并进行反应,计算机对结果进行记录和处理。实验Ⅰ是对比感受性作为红-绿光栅和绿色单色光栅的空间频率的函数的测定。结果表明,在所有空间频率上,被试对绿色光栅的对比感受性都比对红-绿光栅要高。但随着空间频率的升高,对两种光栅的对比感受性也相应升高,并都在中间空间频率带达到高峰值。实验Ⅱ是对颜色视觉对比感受性作为红-绿亮度比率的函数的测定。结果表明,空间频率和红色在光栅中的比率对对比感受性都有重要的影响。本实验结果具有明显的实际应用价值。 相似文献
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A combined multi-attribute utility and expectancy-value model has repeatedly been found to yield a worse fit to choices than to preference ratings. The present study investigated two possible explanations for this finding. First, people's belief-value structures may change in the choice task as they try to find the best alternative. Second, a difficult choice task may cause the decision maker to use simplifying heuristics. In the first of two experiments, subjective belief-value structures were measured on two occasions separated by about one week. Immediately before the second measurement, different groups of subjects performed a choice task, gave preference ratings, or performed a control task. The results did not support an interpretation of the greater difficulty of predicting choices in terms of changes in belief-value structures. However, the notion of simplifying heuristics received support by the finding that adopting simpler versions of the original model improved the predictions of the choices. In the second experiment, beliefs were measured immediately before or after each of a series of choices or preference ratings. The results indicated that although temporary changes in beliefs may occur, they can hardly provide a full account of the differential predictability of preferences and choices. 相似文献
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Fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade students responded to a questionnaire concerning their experiences with electronic videogames and computers. Teacher ratings of academic achievement, personality characteristics, and behavior patterns were also obtained for each student. These data were used to examine a number of hypotheses concerning potential harmful or beneficial effects of electronic videogames on school-age children, and to provide preliminary evidence concerning the correlates of computer usage by school-age children. Videogame usage showed significant positive correlations with teacher ratings of impulsivity, significant negative correlations with ratings of academic achievement, and little relationship to rated sociability. Videogame use also proved positively related to other social activities and to microcomputer use. 相似文献
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Lee Shang Lin Tommy Ahmed Saheeb Horbal Logan Pietruszewski Thomas Hu Qingli Markus Etan J. 《Animal cognition》2023,26(2):703-708
Animal Cognition - Exploring new and unfamiliar environments is critical for survival, providing information on food, shelter, mates, and sources of danger. The open field paradigm is commonly used... 相似文献
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G ärling , T. Studies in visual perception of architectural spaces and rooms. II. Judgments of open and closed space by category rating and magnitude estimation. Scand. J. Psychol ., 1969, 10 , 257–268.—In one experiment, colour photographs of architectural spaces were employed as stimuli and judged with respect to open and closed space. Category scales of open and closed were complementary, magnitude scales were reciprocal. Judged open space correlated positively and judged closed space negatively with physical size of actual spaces. In another experiment, judged size was found to be directly related to judged open space and inversely related to judged closed space. Furthermore, open and closed space judged in situ correlated to a significant degree with corresponding judgments from photographs. 相似文献