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The effects of feedback format on dynamic decision making 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Paul W. B. Atkins Robert E. Wood Philip J. Rutgers 《Organizational behavior and human decision processes》2002,88(2)
The tendency for people to perform poorly on dynamic decision-making tasks has been attributed to their inability to form adequate mental models of dynamic systems (Sterman, 1994). An alternative explanation is that the tabular feedback formats used in previous studies do not facilitate mental representations of the dynamic task and lead to processing overload. Drawing on research in the human factors area, this study examined the impact of graphical versus tabular feedback formats on performance, response times, and learning on a dynamic inventory control task under differing levels of complexity. The graphical feedback group performed better but the tabular group showed stronger evidence of learning. The two groups did not differ in response times. Records of decision rationales showed that participants were aware of complexity factors but were unable to cope with them effectively under either feedback format. The proximity compatibility principle ( Wickens & Carswell, 1995) from human factors, which argues that feedback must be matched to the processing requirements of the task, provides a useful theoretical framework for the design and testing of feedback formats for organizational tasks and criteria. 相似文献
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This study supported the hypothesis that codependence reflects a stereotypically feminine coping strategy to environmental stressors, while conduct disorder represents an alternate coping response reflecting stereotypically masculine behaviors. High school students (N= 218; 81% Anglo-American, 8% Asian-American, 5% Hispanic-American) completed measures of femininity/masculinity, codependence, conduct disorder, and unhealthy parenting practices. Multiple regression analyses revealed that codependence is related to parental abuse and femininity (R= .50). A marginal relationship between codependence and parental alcoholism was mediated by parental abuse, calling into question the validity of the codependence construct. Conduct disorder was related to parental abuse, masculinity, parental alcoholism, and gender (R= .62). The tendency to label stereotypically feminine coping strategies as pathological, while ignoring a more prevalent and destructive masculine coping strategy is discussed. 相似文献
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Rutgers AH van Ijzendoorn MH Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ Swinkels SH van Daalen E Dietz C Naber FB Buitelaar JK van Engeland H 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2007,35(5):859-870
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have severe and pervasive impairments in the development of social interaction,
which may affect the attachment relationship with their parents and may have an impact on parenting. In the current investigation
89 families with young children (mean age 26.5 months) were involved, who were diagnosed as ASD, mentally retarded (MR), or
language delayed (LD), or part of a non-clinical comparison group. Attachment security was observed with the Brief Attachment
Screening Questionnaire, and several parental self-report questionnaires assessed the parenting style, parental efficacy,
parental experiences of daily hassles, social support, and psychological problems. Children with ASD were rated as less secure
compared to the other clinical and normal comparison groups. Parents of non-clinical children reported higher levels of authoritative
parenting than parents in the ASD group and in the total clinical group, and they also received less social support. Parents
of children with ASD coped remarkably well with the challenges of raising a child with ASD. 相似文献
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