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Hippocampal injections of amyloid beta-peptide 1-40 impair subsequent one-trial/day reward learning 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Malin DH Crothers MK Lake JR Goyarzu P Plotner RE Garcia SA Spell SH Tomsic BJ Giordano T Kowall NW 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2001,76(2):125-137
The injection of amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) into rat CNS has been reported to induce cellular neuropathology. The present study investigated whether multiple intrahippocampal injections of Abeta 1-40 would impair one-trial/day reward learning 14 days later. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats, 3-4 months old, were injected with either Abeta 1-40 or distilled water into seven hippocampal sites bilaterally. Ten rats received 3 nmol Abeta 1-40 in 2 microl of distilled water per injection site, while 14 rats received distilled water alone. Following a 9-day recovery period, rats were gradually food deprived to 82% of their initial body weight. Fourteen days after the intrahippocampal injection, all rats received an initial training trial and three subsequent daily retention trials. Rats receiving Abeta 1-40 were significantly impaired on the second retention trial in terms of accuracy (number of unbaited alleys entered) and on the second and third retention trials in terms of speed (reciprocal of latency to reward). Histological analysis showed that Abeta 1-40 injections produced significant neuronal loss and gliosis. Abeta 1-40 immunoreactivity persisted locally at the injection site and in macrophages 2 weeks following the hippocampal injections. These effects appear to be sequence-specific; rats receiving Abeta 1-42 with a scrambled peptide sequence did not differ significantly from rats receiving distilled water alone in retention of the learning task or degree of histological damage. 相似文献
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This study tested the hypothesis that how a discussion of a marital conflict begins--in its first few minutes--is a predictor of divorce. The marital conflict discussion of 124 newlywed couples was coded using the Specific Affect Coding System, and the data were divided into positive, negative, and positive-minus-negative affect totals for five 3-minute intervals. It was possible to predict marital outcome over a 6-year period using just the first 3 minutes of data for both husbands and wives. For husbands this prediction improved as the groups diverged in the remaining 12 minutes; for wives the prediction remained equally powerful for the remaining 12 minutes as it had been in the first 3 minutes. 相似文献
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KÅRE RUMAR 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》1974,15(1):21-25
Abstract.— Using visibility distance as a criterion, halogen and conventional continental European high and low-beam headlights were compared in a series of field experiments. On high-beam without opposing light the halogen headlights offered about 25% longer visibility distances than the conventional headlights. With both opposing cars using low-beam there was a slight advantage (<5 m) in favour of halogen headlights. The optimal dipping distance was a function of high-beam system (intensity) rather than low-beam system. Small differences in aiming, atmosphere etc. caused larger differences in visibility distance than did the headlight system. 相似文献
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GENEVIéVE HAAG SYLVIE TORDJMAN RE DUPRAT SIMONE URWAND FRANOISE JARDIN MARIE-CHRISTINE CL ANNICK CUKIERMAN CATHERINE DRUON ANIK MAUFRAS DU CHATELLIER JACQUELINE TRICAUD ANNE-MARIE DUMONT 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2005,86(2):335-352
In this article the authors report insights into autism developed through their extensive experience of psychoanalytic therapy with children with autism. The fi rst stages of body psychic development are seriously disrupted by this pathology, resulting in primitive anxieties of falling and of being liquefi ed. These anxieties are connected to the fragile development of body ego and of its related spatiotemporal organisation. The changes in children observed by the authors during the therapeutic process lead them to offer a psychodynamic assessment tool, which revolves principally around the development of body ego. After the initial state of 'severe autism', the authors describe three stages: the stage of 'recovery of the skin' (Bick); the established 'symbiotic phase', subdivided into 'vertical then horizontal splitting of the body ego'; and fi nally the stage of 'individuation'. First, the authors describe the principal psychoanalytic approaches to autism and refl ect on the links possible with nonpsychoanalytic work. 相似文献
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