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排序方式: 共有101条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Carlo L. Cazzullo Gaetano Penati Silvio Scarone Maria G. Fornari Maurizio Maggioni Leonardo F. Resele 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1978,13(3):163-168
The relationship between sleep and learning processes is analysed in a sample of schizophrenic patients, starting from more recent hypotheses about the function of REM sleep in learning and memory processes. This is done by means of two experiments: in the first AA. evaluate the possibility to elicit a simple motor conditional reflex acquired during daytime in different sleep stages. With the second experiment daytime learning performances are evaluated with and without a reinforcement administered during REM sleep. Results for the first experiment underline a qualitative difference between REM and nREM sleep in a reflexological perspective. In nREM sleep the conditional response is better maintained than in REM sleep. The second experiment confirms the possibility to improve daytime learning performances after an additional presentation of learning material in REM. The joint study of sleep abnormalities and learning and cognitive impairment in schizophrenic patients is finally suggested. 相似文献
2.
Francesca Capone Alberto Oliverio Massimo Pomponi Maurizio Marta Franco Gatta Flaminia Pavone 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》1999,71(3):301
The acetylcholinesterase reversible inhibitorN-octyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-aminoacridine (THA-C8) is a new synthesized derivative of tacrine (THA) characterized by an alkyl chain in the molecular structure which ameliorates the penetrability of the compound into the central nervous system. THA-C8 (0.1–5 mg/kg) significantly reduced spontaneous locomotor activity in CD1 mice at a dose of 3 mg/kg. Moreover, THA-C8 (0.2–2 mg/kg) significantly improved shuttle-box avoidance acquisition at doses (0.25, 0.3, 1 mg/kg) not affecting locomotion and that are much lower than the doses reported to be effective for THA in animal models. From the data reported it seems that the new compound could be interesting for therapeutic purposes. 相似文献
3.
Laura Bortoli Maurizio Bertollo Yuri Hanin Claudio Robazza 《Psychology of sport and exercise》2012,13(5):693-701
ObjectivesA multi-action plan (MAP) intervention model has been applied to the Italian shooting team in preparation for the London 2012 Olympics to help athletes improve, stabilise, and optimise their performances during practice and competition.DesignA longitudinal design was adopted to assess the intervention effects over two years.MethodsFifteen participants, two female and three male carbine shooters, and five female and five male pistol shooters, took part in the study. First, shooters were requested to accurately and extensively describe their usually optimal sequence of actions for the execution of a single shot from start to follow-through. Second, shooters were asked to identify a small number of the most important core components (three or four) deemed fundamental to optimal performance. Third, performers were engaged in several shooting sessions and asked to assess themselves by rating the quality of each core component. Finally, the most influential core components were further assessed under conditions of increased distress and simulated competition.ResultsCore component ratings were linked to shooting scores classified as optimal or suboptimal. The probability levels of optimal/suboptimal performance associated with the core component ratings were derived using logistical ordinal regression analysis. The full links among core component scores and the full range of shooting scores were also examined through path analysis.ConclusionsFindings highlighted the benefits of using the MAP intervention model in the preparation of elite level shooters. 相似文献
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Paolo Iliceto Gabriella Candilera Diletta Funaro Maurizio Pompili Kalman J. Kaplan Moriah Markus-Kaplan 《Journal of religion and health》2011,50(2):321-329
The psychiatric literature is divided with regard to the long-term psychological effects associated with Holocaust (Shoah) experiences because the findings of clinical and empirical studies often contradict each other. Despite case reports of emotional sequelae related to intergenerational transmission of trauma, recent empirical research has suggested that offspring of survivors of the Shoah did not differ from other children and found no evidence that traumatic experiences of survivors of the Shoah affected their children??s and grandchildren??s adjustment. To shed light on some of the differences between the empirical and clinical observations, the present study set out to compare the grandchildren of survivors of the Shoah and persons of the same age whose families had not been through the Shoah experience. This study compared the two groups on some psychological dimensions relevant to traumatic sequelae: hopelessness, temperament, personality, attitudes, and interpersonal expectations. Subjects were 124 equally divided among the Shoah survivors?? grandchildren and comparison groups; we administered to all subjects TEMPS-A Rome, Beck Hopelessness Scale, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, and 9AP (9 Attachment Profile). We found no differences between two groups in Hopelessness, Dysthimic/Cyclotimic/Anxious, Hyperthimic temperament, and self-perception; instead the Shoah survivors?? grandchildren have a view of the other as rejecting, hostile, submissive, insecure, unreliable, and competitive in the interpersonal relationships. The Shoah survivors?? grandchildren are similar to controls in affective temperament, hopelessness and self-perception, but they are more irritable and angry than controls, and their perception about others is deeply negative. Attribution theory was used to elucidate these findings. 相似文献
6.
A weighted Euclidean distance model for analyzing three-way dissimilarity data (stimuli by stimuli by subjects) for heterogeneous
subjects is proposed. First, it is shown that INDSCAL may fail to identify a common space representative of the observed data
structure in presence of heterogeneity. A new model that removes the rotational invariance of the classical multidimensional
scaling problem and specifies K common homogeneous spaces is proposed. The model, called mixture INDSCAL in K classes, or briefly K-INDSCAL, still includes individual saliencies. However, the large number of parameters in K-INDSCAL may produce instability of the estimates and therefore a parsimonious model will also be discussed. The parameters
of the model are estimated in a least-squares fitting context and an efficient coordinate descent algorithm is given. The
usefulness of K-INDSCAL is demonstrated by both artificial and real data analyses. 相似文献
7.
In a sample of 50 psychiatric patients, suicidality as measured by a 54-item scale was associated with scores on scales to assess the presence of comorbidities, family history, medical factors, clinical ratings of psychiatric diagnosis, psychosocial/environmental factors, and protective factors (multiple R2 = .66). 相似文献
8.
Stefan Stefa-Missagli MSc PsyD PhD Human-Friedrich Unterrainer PhD PsyD Giancarlo Giupponi MD Sandra-Johanna Holasek PHD Hans-Peter Kapfhammer MD Andreas Conca MD Michela Sarlo PhD Denise Erbuto PhD Elena Rogante PsyD Heidrun Moujaes-Droescher MD Katrin Davok PsyD PhD Isabella Berardelli MD PhD Karolina Krysinska PhD Karl Andriessen PhD David Lester PhD Maurizio Pompili MD PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2020,50(1):220-232
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Bipolar disorders are prevalent, often severe, and disabling illnesses with elevated lethality largely due to suicide. Suicide rates average approximately 1% annually, or perhaps 60 times higher than the international population rate of 0.015% annually. Suicidal acts typically occur early in bipolar disorders and in association with severe depressive or mixed states. The high lethality of suicidal acts in bipolar disorders is suggested by a much lower ratio of attempts:suicide (approximately 3:1) than in the general population (approximately 30:1). Risk factors can help to identify patients at increased suicidal risk, but ongoing clinical assessment is essential to limit risk. Empirical short-term interventions to manage acute suicidal risk include close clinical supervision, rapid hospitalization, and electroconvulsive therapy. Remarkably, however, evidence of the long-term effectiveness of most treatments against suicidal behavior is rare. A notable exception is lithium prophylaxis, which is associated with consistent evidence of major (approximately 80%), sustained relative reductions of risk of suicides and attempts, and lower lethality (increased attempts:suicide ratio). Such benefits are unproved for other treatments commonly used to treat bipolar disorder patients, including anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, antidepressants, and psychosocial interventions. Applying available knowledge systematically, with close and sustained clinical supervision, can enhance management of suicidal risk in bipolar disorders patients. 相似文献