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The results of a survey conducted in 1988 on the traditional deadly sins and the schedule of virtues formulated by Erik H.
Erikson were previously reported by Capps (Pastoral Psychology 37:229–253, 1989). The results of a second survey conducted in 1998 were reported by Capps and Cole (Pastoral Psychology 48:359–376, 2000). This article reports on a third survey conducted in 2008–2009. All three surveys employed a research instrument constructed
by Capps titled Life Attitudes Inventory. Major findings of the third survey are that lust and melancholy are considered the deadliest of the deadly sins, with anger
rounding out the top three. Envy is thought to be the least deadly sin. The sins most personally struggled with are pride,
envy, and apathy, with both genders accounting for the high ranking of pride, women for envy, and men for apathy. Men’s and
women’s views whether individual sins are more characteristic of men or of women were also reported, with greed especially
ascribed to men and envy to women. Similarities and differences between young, middle and mature adults’ views on and experiences
of the deadly sins are reported, as are comparisons between the members of two Christian denominations (Presbyterians and
Methodists). 相似文献
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Place learning abilities represent adaptations that contribute also to foraging efficiency under given spatio-temporal conditions.
We investigated if this ability in turn constrains decision making in two sympatric vole species: while the herbivorous common
vole (Microtus arvalis) feeds on spatio-temporally predictable food resources (e.g. roots, tubers and shoots of plant tubers), the omnivorous bank
vole (Myodes glareolus) additionally subsists on temporally unpredictable food resources (e.g. insects and seeds). Here, we compare the spatial
reference memory and working memory of the two species. In an automated operant home cage with eight water places, female
voles either had to learn the fixed position of non-depletable places (reference memory task) or learn and avoid previously
visited water places depleted in a single visit (win-shift task). In the reference memory task, Microtus females required significantly more choices to find all water places, initially performed slightly worse than Myodes females, and displayed slightly lower asymptotic performance. Both species were highly similar in new learning of the same
task. In the more complex win-shift task, asymptotic performance was significantly lower in Microtus (72% correct) than in Myodes (79%). Our results suggest that both vole species resemble each other in their efficiency to exploit habitats with low spatio-temporal
complexity but may differ in their efficiency at exploiting habitats with temporally changing spatial food distributions.
The results imply that spatial ability adjusted to specific food distributions may impair flexible use of habitats that differ
in their food distribution and therefore, decrease a species’ chances of survival in highly dynamic environments. 相似文献
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Edward J. Haupt 《Behavior research methods》1998,30(2):320-326
The rationale and methodology for the construction of a Web site using images from a 1903 German (Leipzig) equipment manufacturer, Eduard Zimmermann, are presented. Many of the illustrations cite Wundt’s work. Topics in the construction of such a site are integrated through the proposal for a database standard for sites displaying older equipment. Methods for the efficient construction of such a site, including translation problems and a database catalog for images and captions to permit easier creation of HTML files, are included. Present and future uses of the site, including evaluation of the historical importance of the catalog and relation to other sites concerned with the history of experimentation, are presented. 相似文献
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Thiel A Habedank B Herholz K Kessler J Winhuisen L Haupt WF Heiss WD 《Brain and language》2006,98(1):57-65
In normal right-handed subjects language production usually is a function oft the left brain hemisphere. Patients with aphasia following brain damage to the left hemisphere have a considerable potential to compensate for the loss of this function. Sometimes, but not always, areas of the right hemisphere which are homologous to language areas of the left hemisphere in normal subjects are successfully employed for compensation but this integration process may need time to develop. We investigated right-handed patients with left hemisphere brain tumors as a model of continuously progressive brain damage to left hemisphere language areas using functional neuroimaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to identify factors which determine successful compensation of lost language function. Only patients with slowly progressing brain lesions recovered right-sided language function as detected by TMS. In patients with rapidly progressive lesions no right-sided language function was found and language performance was linearly correlated with the lateralization of language related brain activation to the left hemisphere. It can thus be concluded that time is the factor which determines successful integration of the right hemisphere into the language network for compensation of lost left hemisphere language function. 相似文献
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In 2009 we distributed a questionnaire on the deadly sins. It combined two research instruments—The Life Attitudes Inventory constructed by Capps (Pastoral Psychology 37:229–253, 1989) and the Deadly Sins Scale developed by Nauta and Derckx (Pastoral Psychology 56:177–188, 2007). In a previous article (Capps and Haupt 2011) we reported on findings from the Life Attitudes Inventory. In this article we report on findings from the Deadly Sins Scale and then discuss the fact that an unusually high percentage of the respondents identified positively with the item “I achieve
my goals in life.” We suggest that their identification with this item is a reflection of the fact that humans are hopeful
by nature. 相似文献
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Augustine Osman Francisco X. Barrios Diane Haupt Kimberly King Joylene R. Osman Stacey Slavens 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1996,18(1):35-47
The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI) has been developed to assess specific symptoms of social phobia and agoraphobia. Although the SPAI was developed with both clinical and nonclinical populations, research with this measure is currently focused primarily on clinical samples. We examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the SPAI in adult community and college undergraduate samples. We found that single-sample and multisample confirmatory factor analyses provided support for extending use of the correlated two-factor SPAI subscales to our nonclinical samples. In addition, we found evidence for the internal consistency reliability of the SPAI subscales in both samples. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
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