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In several studies attributing positive health benefits to running, the benefits include reduced depression, fatigue, anger, and increased vigor. Until now, little research has focused on Masters track and field athletes. The present study reports on 587 men and women Masters who participated in a mailed survey measuring mood states using the Profile of Mood States. In comparison to other groups of athletes, these Masters tend to be less depressed, less angry, and less fatigued. Attribution to lifestyle and maturity with their sport is discussed. 相似文献
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Rutherford B. Porter 《Journal of School Psychology》1984,22(3):223-231
This report relates personal experiences as they influenced the emerging role of the school psychologist, especially in Pennsylvania and Indiana from 1930 to 1970. 相似文献
4.
Jan Reidar Stiegler Victoria Uleberg Vildalen Tora Heggem Sara Båfjord Ismaili Elisabeth Schanche 《Counselling and Psychotherapy Research》2023,23(2):349-358
Objective
How people relate to themselves when facing distress or failure influences general psychological well-being and vulnerability to psychological disorders. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of an emotionally evocative intervention on self-compassion.Methods
The data were retrieved from a larger study of Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) utilising a multiple baseline design comparing two treatment phases. The baseline phase consisted of 5, 7 or 9 therapy sessions where the therapist solely adhered to Rogerian relational conditions, as prescribed in EFT. A two-chair dialogue intervention was then added for five sessions. The sample consisted of 18 self-critical clients with clinically significant symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. The “Self-Compassion Scale” (SCS) was administered pre, mid and post therapy.Results
The baseline phase did not lead to significant changes in self-compassion. However, the addition of the two-chair dialogue was associated with a significant increase in self-compassion. This increase was due to reductions in the negative subscales, especially the isolation subscale.Conclusion
The emotionally evocative two-chair dialogue was associated with a significant change in self-to-self relating, compared to relational conditions alone. The two-chair dialogue, thus, seems to be a promising intervention for promoting healthier self-to-self relating. 相似文献5.
Gerald S. Blum Marcia L. Porter 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1972,24(4):431-438
This investigation continues the exploration of a largely neglected topic in the field of attention, levels of mental concentration, by ascertaining under optimal conditions the capacity for shifting quickly from one level to another. Previous research in our laboratory had applied a set of five post-hypnotically cued levels of concentration or “cognitive arousal”, covering a very wide range, to a variety of perceptual and cognitive tasks. In the present study two highly trained undergraduate hypnotic subjects, one male and one female, were given progressively shorter time durations in which to respond to the post-hypnotic cues before viewing tachisto-scopically flashed consonants under cue influence. The results indicate a striking capacity to shift degrees of cognitive arousal very rapidly to one extreme or the other, on the order of 100 ms or less. 相似文献
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J. Elisabeth Wells 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1972,24(3):242-252
Memory for visually presented verbal and pictorial material was compared using stimuli chosen to minimize non-essential differences between the two types of material. Experiment I required retention of a short list; verbal and pictorial stimuli were remembered equally well. Experiment II required recall of single items after 30 s of backwards counting; recall was much superior for pictorial stimuli. The type of task appeared to affect encoding, with verbal encoding reported to be predominant in Experiment I and visual encoding, or imagery, common in Experiment II. 相似文献
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Elisabeth Schürer-Necker 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1990,25(4):195-200
Walker and Tarte (1963) postulate that at short retention intervals high arousal paired-associates are reproduced more poorly
than low arousal items. Walker and colleagues believe that this hypothesis is confirmed by their paired-associate learning
studies. However, results of these paired-associate learning studies are position confounded artifacts. Better recall of low
arousal items at short-term retention is caused by the coincidence of the recency effect and low arousal at the end of the
trial. When these position effects are controlled there is no action decrement for the high arousal paired-associates. To
test this assumption, the Kleinsmith and Kaplan study (1963) was replicated and two other variations were conducted. In these
three studies with 76 subjects, which were tested at two minutes or 1 week, the action decrement occurs only when the two
position effects coincide. 相似文献