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Michael Dummett 《Inquiry (Oslo, Norway)》2013,56(1-4):455-468
H. Sluga (Inquiry, Vol. 18 [1975], No. 4) has criticized me for representing Frege as a realist. He holds that, for Frege, abstract objects were not real: this rests on a mistranslation and a neglect of Frege's contextual principle. The latter has two aspects: as a thesis about sense, and as one about reference. It is only under the latter aspect that there is any tension between it and realism: Frege's later silence about the principle is due, not to his realism, but to his assimilating sentences to proper names. Contrary to what Sluga thinks, the conception of the Bedeutung of a name as its bearer is an indispensable ingredient of Frege's notion of Bedeutung, as also is the fact that it is in the stronger of two possible senses that Frege held that Sinn determines Bedeutung. The contextual principle is not to be understood as meaning that thoughts are not, in general, complex; Frege's idea that the sense of a sentence is compounded out of the senses of its component words is an essential component of his theory of sense. Frege's realism was not the most important ingredient in his philosophy: but the attempt to interpret him otherwise than as a realist leads only to misunderstanding and confusion. 相似文献
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Bradley T. Erford Chelsea Gunther Kelly Duncan Gerta Bardhoshi Beth Dummett Jennifer Kraft Katie Deferio Michelle Falco Margaret Ross 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2016,94(1):13-30
This meta‐analysis of 152 published posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) clinical trials from 1990 to 2012 concluded that counseling generally produced a small to large effect of treatment across all comparison conditions at termination (d+ = 0.30 to 0.89). These gains were maintained at longest follow‐up (d+ = 0.58 to 0.86) for the wait‐list, treatment‐as‐usual, and single‐group comparisons, but not for the follow‐up placebo comparison (d+ = 0.15), probably because of the low power (j = 3 placebo studies). Clinical trial findings were synthesized using a random‐effects model. No effects of publication bias or moderating variables were evident. No difference was found between trauma‐focused and non‐trauma‐focused approaches. Implications for counseling practice and future PTSD outcome research are addressed. 相似文献
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It is not a fundamental human right to live wherever one would most like to be. We have to ask when a state should admit people
not its citizens wishing to enter and settle within its territory. To exclude someone from entry to a country where he wishes
to settle infringes his liberty. When anybody's liberty is infringed or curtailed the onus of proof lies upon those who claim
a right to infringe or curtail it, other things being equal. This paper argues that there are two reasonable grounds for refusing
entry to would-be immigrants. First, in order to avoid genuine overpopulation; and second, to protect vulnerable cultures
being submerged by large numbers of people of a more robust culture. Neither of these restrictions applies in the case of
Britain and the paper concludes by demanding an immediate liberalisation of immigration laws and immediate public recognition
by government of the benefits of immigration and determined discouragement of xenophobic propaganda against it.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Michael Dummett 《Inquiry (Oslo, Norway)》2013,56(4):439-448
The short fragment of Frege's Nachlass which bears the above title, given to it by the editors, is in fact a sequence of connected comments by him on the Introduction to Lotze's Logik, or, more exactly, a response by him to that Introduction. It is thus very probably the earliest piece of writing from Frege's pen on the philosophy of logic surviving to us, and, when it is read in this light, the motivation for its author's puzzling selection of remarks and the turns of phrase he employs become intelligible. We see here an early attempt by Frege to attain clarity about a topic that was to preoccupy him throughout his entire philosophical career, the nature of thoughts. 相似文献
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Choosing Assessment Instruments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screening and Outcome Research
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Gerta Bardhoshi Bradley T. Erford Kelly Duncan Beth Dummett Michelle Falco Katie Deferio Jennifer Kraft 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2016,94(2):184-194
Effect‐size results from Erford et al.'s ( 2016 ) meta‐analysis for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were used to compare 6 instruments' usefulness in measuring counseling treatment outcomes. Effect‐size comparisons indicated equivalent overall effect sizes using the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale, the Impact of Event Scale–Revised, the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale, the PTSD Checklist, and the Structured Interview for PTSD. The Mississippi Scale for Combat‐Related PTSD yielded significantly more conservative (i.e., lower) effect‐size comparisons. 相似文献
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Michael Dummett 《Synthese》1974,27(3-4):351-397