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Questionnaires on eight role-conflict categories (time management, relations with husband, household management, financial, child care, expectations for self, expectations of others, and guilt) were administered to 518 women. A role-conflict hierarchy was established, those areas centering around the woman's view of herself being the most stressful. Level of occupational status was found to be a significant variable in six of the categories. Professional women and housewives tended to give similar responses and to demonstrate the least amount of role conflict. Implications of this study for counselors were discussed. 相似文献
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This experiment assesses the impact of two exposure strategies on children's emotional and cognitive reactions to a frightening movie scene. Children from two grade levels (kindergarten and first vs. second through fourth) received a desensitization treatment in which modeled exposure to a live earthworm was factorially varied with exposure to graphic photographs of worms taken from a horror film. Children then viewed a frightening scene involving worms taken from this same film. Results indicated that exposure to photographs increased children's enjoyment of the movie segment and reduced fear reactions to the scene. In contrast, the live exposure strategy was effective in reducing fear reactions to the movie only among boys. However, live exposure did alter children's affective reactions to and judgments of worms themselves. The findings are discussed in terms of current theories of desensitization and information processing. 相似文献
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The articles appearing in HCR during the preceding nine years (from Fall 1974 through Summer 1983) have been indexed by authors' names as well as key words to indicate the primary content area(s) addressed in each article. One or two key words were usually selected from the title of the article. If the title did not seem to provide words that adequately described the primary subject matter, key words were selected from the abstract, the article itself, or, on rare occasions, words chosen by those compiling the index. 相似文献
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TREVOR R. HADLEY THEODORE JACOB JAKE MILLIONES JOELLE CAPLAN DOROTHY SPITZ 《Family process》1974,13(2):207-214
To assess the relation between family crisis and the onset of symptoms in family members, 90 families in an outpatient facility were studied to determine the elapsed time between the appearance of symptoms and two types of family crisis: addition of a family member and loss of a family member. For each type of crisis, results clearly indicated a significant and positive relationship between family developmental crises and symptom onset. At the same time, it was acknowledged that the strength of this relationship was only moderate, findings were correlational, and conclusions may not be applicable to other samples. 相似文献
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One approach to the placement of job applicants who need extra help is the use of a panel of experts to provide a link between the appraisal of the candidate and the needs of the labor market. This article reports applications of the panel approach in three different settings. 相似文献
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DOROTHY J. RUBENSTEIN 《创造性行为杂志》2000,34(1):1-17
Effects of print, television and content on children's creativity, and measures of possibility and curiosity were examined. Eight science TV programs were identified as low or high creative and eight illustrated booklets were developed to mirror the programs' content. Fifth and sixth on‐grade‐level‐readers were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: High Content TV, Low Content TV, High Content Print or Low Content Print. Students then completed the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, The Possibilities Index and The Children's Science Curiosity Scale. Low Content significantly outscored High Content on Visual Originality and High Content significantly outscored Low Content on measures of possibility and curiosity. Results suggest content has more effect on creativity and attitude than media. 相似文献
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Abstract In 2 studies, university students from the United States rated the importance of 43 behavior expectations about their cross‐sex friends, same‐sex friends and romantic partners. In Study 1, all 399 participants had a current romantic partner, whereas in Study 2, romantic partner status varied across the 165 participants. Participants always rated their expectations for romantic partners higher than for either type of friend, and expectations for behaviors promoting emotional closeness were always rated higher than expectations about behaviors promoting social companionship or relationship positivity. In Study 2, expectations for cross‐sex friends were rated lower and more similar to same‐sex friends when participants had a current romantic partner than when they did not. 相似文献
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CATHERINE AVENT DOROTHY SISTERSON BERYL FAWCETT ANTHONY WATTS AUDREY NEWSOME 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1983,61(8):476-479
This article gives a brief background on the history and recent developments in career counselling for young children, high school students, unemployed teenagers, and university undergraduates. 相似文献