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1.
Craeynest M Crombez G De Houwer J Deforche B Tanghe A De Bourdeaudhuij I 《Behaviour research and therapy》2005,43(9):1111-1120
This study investigated differences in the explicit and implicit attitudes towards food and physical activities between children with obesity (n=38) and a matched control group (n=38). The implicit attitude was assessed using the Extrinsic Affective Simon Task (EAST; J. Exp. Psychol. (50) (2003) 77), a modified version of the Implicit Association Test (IAT; J. Personality Social Psychol. (74) (1999) 1464). It was expected that both groups would report a positive explicit attitude towards healthy food and intense physical activities, and a negative explicit attitude towards unhealthy food and sedentary activities. Of particular interest was the hypothesis that children with obesity would have a more positive implicit attitude towards unhealthy food and sedentary activities than the control group. Results revealed no differences between groups in the explicit attitude towards food and physical activity. Children and adolescents with obesity had a more pronounced positive implicit attitude towards food in general. The relevance of these findings in terms of prevention, treatment and further research is discussed. 相似文献
2.
Rudi Vermote Patrick Luyten Yannic Verhaest Bart Vandeneede Hans Vertommen Benedicte Lowyck 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2015,96(3):817-843
This study presents a model of psychic change in personality disorders focusing on three dimensions: felt safety, mentalization and self‐object relations. Based upon this model a hospitalization‐based therapy program was created. Four scales to measure these three dimensions on the Object Relation Interview are discussed: the Felt Safety Scale, the Reflective Functioning Scale and the Bion Grid Scale and the Differentiation‐Relatedness Scale. A naturalistic symptom outcome study of the program showed a large effect on both symptoms and personality functioning. Furthermore, trajectory based on pre‐treatment patient characteristics (i.e., anaclitic versus introjective personality styles). Importantly, we also found a relation between symptomatic and personality change and change in felt safety and object relations. At 5‐year follow‐up, patients showed sustained improvement in symptomatic distress and further improvement in terms of personality and interpersonal functioning. 相似文献
3.
Benedicte Spoelders 《Islam & Christian-Muslim Relations》1998,9(3):295-305
This paper discusses socio‐economic development as a Western cultural construction. It first surveys various theories that deconstruct development and women in development, and then elaborates on the stereotypes and dilemmas of the feminist development enterprise in the Middle East. Attention is further given to local co‐operation with or resistance to Northern development ideas and practices. The paper ends with an attempt to think beyond the post‐colonial power relations between secular imperialism and Islamist resistance, arguing that this dichotomy results from ‘Western‐centric’ perspectives. 相似文献
4.
Schellenberg EG Bigand E Poulin-Charronnat B Garnier C Stevens C 《Developmental science》2005,8(6):551-566
Three experiments examined children's knowledge of harmony in Western music. The children heard a series of chords followed by a final, target chord. In Experiment 1, French 6- and 11-year-olds judged whether the target was sung with the vowel /i/ or /u/. In Experiment 2, Australian 8- and 11-year-olds judged whether the target was played on a piano or a trumpet. In Experiment 3, Canadian 8- and 11-year-olds judged whether the target sounded good (i.e. consonant) or bad (dissonant). The target was either the most stable chord in the established musical key (i.e. the tonic, based on do, the first note of the scale) or a less stable chord. Performance was faster (Experiments 1, 2 and 3) and more accurate (Experiment 3) when the target was the tonic chord. The findings confirm that children have implicit knowledge of syntactic functions that typify Western harmony. 相似文献
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6.
Jennifer Connolly Kyla Baird Valeriya Bravo Benedicte Lovald Debra Pepler Wendy Craig 《European Journal of Developmental Psychology》2015,12(5):549-564
Objective: Developmental theory suggests romantic relationships present unique demands when adolescents transition from the interaction patterns of same-sex friendships to cross-gender interactions. A possible response is to incorporate behaviours of the other gender: girls adopting aggressive strategies and boys adopting affiliative ones. The goal of this study is to explore this hypothesis by comparing conflict resolution among romantic couples and same-sex best friends. Method: Observational methods were employed with 37 female best friends, 22 male best friends and 37 romantic couples. Of the romantic couples, 35 also were observed with a best friend. Affiliative and aggressive behaviours were tabulated during two conflict tasks. Results: Female best friends were more affiliative than male best friends and romantic partners; these latter dyads were more aggressive than the female best friends. Within group comparisons indicated that boys and girls decreased their affiliative behaviours, especially verbal humour, and increased their aggressive behaviours, especially teasing, when observed with the romantic partner compared to the best friend. Decomposing the romantic dyad, girlfriends displayed relatively more aggressive behaviours than their boyfriends, and boyfriends exhibited more affiliative behaviours. Conclusions: Findings shed light on gendered shifts in patterns of interaction as adolescents transition from same-sex friendships to romantic relationships. 相似文献
7.
Skirbekk B Hansen BH Oerbeck B Kristensen H 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(4):513-525
The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD), and anxiety disorders (AnxDs). One hundred and forty-one children (90 males, 51 females) aged 7–13 years
were assigned to four groups, i.e., referred children with comorbid AnxDs and ADHD (n = 25), ADHD (n = 39), AnxDs (n = 41), and nonreferred controls (n = 36). Furthermore we explored the association between SCT and several neurocognitive measures (reaction time, verbal memory,
and spatial memory). Diagnoses were established using Kiddie-SADS P/L. SCT was assessed using a 17-item mother-reported questionnaire.
SCT correlated significantly with inattentiveness, regardless of the subtype of ADHD. Furthermore, we found significant differences
in the levels of SCT among the four groups, with the highest SCT scores observed in the comorbid group. SCT correlated with
variability in spatial memory; in contrast, there was no correlation between SCT and reaction time. 相似文献
8.
Benedicte Mouton Laurie Loop Marie Stievenart Isabelle Roskam 《Child & family behavior therapy》2013,35(2):115-147
AbstractThis meta-analytic review evaluates 35 parenting programs to analyze their effectiveness at reducing young children’s externalizing behavior (EB). It looks at whether behavioral or cognitive orientation, informant or duration of these programs moderate their effect on such young children. It confirms that parenting interventions are effective at decreasing young children’s EB but no moderation effect was found for specific orientation or duration, only for the informant. This illustrates the current difficulty in comparing programs on the basis of their theoretical background, which prevents the understanding of which are the most efficient parenting variables and change processes to manipulate. 相似文献
9.
Benedicte Carlsen 《British Journal of Guidance & Counselling》2003,31(3):289-303
Professionals are involved in self-help groups in a variety of roles as advising experts, facilitators and even as group leaders. A few studies focus on attitudes toward professional involvement, but very little is known about the nature of this collaboration. The study follows a collaborative support group project between a team of health professionals at a regional hospital in Norway and a Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients' group. It is arguably an advantage for professionals to decide upon the aim of a joint intervention in dialogue with the participants, but simply asking the participants what their aims are does not guarantee actual agreement. As this case study demonstrates, participants may have reason to conceal their objectives. 相似文献
10.
Benedicte Lowyck Patrick Luyten Koen Demyttenaere Jozef Corveleyn 《Journal of Family Therapy》2008,30(1):78-95
This article aims to investigate the role of romantic attachment versus the personality dimensions related to self‐definition and relatedness for relationship satisfaction. Self‐report instruments measuring romantic attachment, self‐criticism and dependency, severity of depression, negative life events and relationship satisfaction were administrated to 266 community adults. As expected, results showed that secure romantic attachment was positively and insecure romantic attachment was negatively associated with relationship satisfaction, and this was the case even when controlling for self‐criticism and dependency, severity of depression and negative life events. Implications of these findings for couple therapy are discussed. 相似文献