SCOPE: A Comprehensive-Sequential Approach to Career Counseling

SCOPE is a comprehensive career-counseling program presently in operation at Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison, New Jersey. It consists of a basic program plus a cluster of supplemental, optional exercises. The basic program has a sequence of four career-planning phases, one of which applies to each undergraduate year. Efforts are made to process students systematically through the entire basic program. An individual checklist kept for each participating student provides an internal mechanism for program evaluation and modification. Early results suggest effectiveness and positive student reactions.     

A Model for Individual Career Counseling

The focus of the article is on a visual model for individual career counseling. The model takes into account psychological, social, and economic factors and describes decision making as a journey with four discernible stages.     

Integrating Personal and Career Counseling: A Challenge for Counselors

In recent years career counseling has often been viewed as separate and distinct from personal counseling, ignoring a long tradition in the career development field that has consistently recognized the importance of personality factors in the process of choosing and maintaining a career. This paper argues for the use of an eclectic career counseling model that embraces both personality and career development theories. The model requires the counselor to be able to move back and forth between the active and directive role of the career counselor and the facilitative and exploratory role of the personal counselor. A case is presented to demonstrate its application and implications for counseling and training are discussed.     

Strategies for Counseling Midcareer Changers: A Conceptual Framework

The authors describe a model designed to help counselors facilitate the midcareer change process. Problems of typical midcareer changers are portrayed using case studies. Intervention strategies are presented in a framework that includes emotional adaptation and cognitive decision making.     

Work Adjustment: A Neglected Area in Career Counseling

The author suggests that counselors should devote more attention to work adjustment problems and proposes a systems model for counselors to use in conceptualizing the development of work adjustment and work adjustment problems and in formulating strategies of intervention to address these problems.     

Career proactivity: Conceptual and theoretical reflections

This article adds several conceptual and theoretical reflections to the article “Career proactivity: A bibliometric literature review and a future research agenda” by Jiang et al. The authors conducted a timely and relevant study by analyzing and integrating literature on career proactivity from the domains of organizational and vocational behavior. Prior research has clearly demonstrated that these areas are still largely operating as separate “islands,” both conceptually and methodologically. As such, systematically analyzing the literature and synthesizing the many existing proactivity-related constructs are important steps forward in taking research on career proactivity to the next level. Though their bibliometric analysis confirms the gap between vocational psychology and OB research, there is also a hopeful message in the article, as several clusters showed considerable connections. Thus, it seems that scholars are starting to build bridges between the islands. Building on their analysis and future research suggestions, in this article, we further explore three specific considerations related to (1) conceptual issues, (2) theoretical issues, and (3) additions to their future research agenda.     

Restating A Client-Centered Approach to Career Counseling

Too often, career counseling is associated with objective test scores and rational decision making. The purpose of this article is to reiterate the importance of considering the client's developing self-concept in career counseling.     

A Case for Uncertainty in Career Counseling

This article suggests that an important aspect of the career decision-making process is the awareness that uncertainty (i.e., “1 don't know”) is normal, natural, and most likely unavoidable. The essential message of this article is that it is as useful, and even vocationally mature, to be both certain and uncertain about making a career decision.     

Career Counseling and Vocational Psychology in Portugal: A Political Perspective

In this article, we present an overview of the political context of vocational psychology and career counseling in Portugal. The essence of our position is that career counseling needs to encompass all the major tasks of personal and social development, beyond the traditional focus on primarily vocational/occupational goals. Given the importance of social and political factors that are apparent in an analysis of the Portuguese climate within career development, we propose that vocational psychology must go beyond a conceptualization of vocational behavior and intervention based on a person–environment fit model and must try to enhance strategies for the development of persons in a broader sense. We further propose that we need to provide career counseling not only at critical decision points, but throughout the life-span, and should not focus merely on occupational details, but on all matters of the development of the person as a whole. Finally, we suggest a perspective on career counseling and vocational psychology that is more responsive to our cultural and historical context and which is sensitive to the reality of a new political era in Portugal.     

People Caught in Changing Career Opportunities: A Counseling Process

The article describes a counseling process to assist people who are caught in career changes. The process acknowledges the effect of changing labor market opportunities on the career decision making process.     

Career Counseling With Couples

As an outgrowth of the developmental and systemic trends characterizing career counseling in recent years, the role of the family has been highlighted. Nonetheless, inadequate attention has been given to incorporating family members in the career counseling setting with adult clients. This article explores a career counseling paradigm that takes into account the couple dynamics active in the adult's career choice process. Unique elements of the conjoint model, such as couple career assessment, along with directions for further study, are offered.     

A Relational Approach to Career Counseling: Theoretical Integration and Practical Application

This article reviews the current status of career theory in practice and presents a theoretical overview of relational theory and its logical extension to the career domain. Despite the emergence of literature regarding the interconnectedness of career progress and the quality of relationships in one's life (e.g., D. L. Blustein, 2001; D. L. Blustein, M. S. Prezioso, & D. E. P. Schultheiss, 1995; D. E. P. Schultheiss, H. M. Kress, A. J. Manzi, & J. M. Glasscock, 2001), counseling practice is limited by the absence of a meaningful approach to intervene in clients' relational and career worlds. The relational career counseling approach moves counseling toward a contextually based relational perspective to facilitating career progress. This approach is illustrated with a case example.     

Combining Counseling and Career Services: Conflicts and Choices

This article describes some of the administrative issues in merging counseling and career services in institutions of higher education. Discussion focuses on the major kinds of problems that can be anticipated and the eventual choices that administrators must make.     

心理咨询中的期望：概念辨析及理论视角

心理咨询中的期望被视为今后心理咨询过程研究和结果研究的核心变量。文献研究发现,过去的研究缺乏理论指导,对心理咨询中的期望还没有形成系统的认识。本文从社会影响力模型、目标动机理论、人际期望效应模型、人际人格理论和社会认知论定义了五种不同的期望,给出了不同定义下期望的相关实证研究,区别了对心理咨询的期望和当事人的期望。为说明不同理论视角下期望的区别和联系,用“现实－幻想”、“情境－稳定”两组概念辨析了心理咨询中的期望的相关理论并提出了今后该领域的研究方向     

UCLA's Career Counseling Center: A Dialogue About a Unique Service

In this interview, two counseling psychologists describe aspects of a relatively unique career counseling service that has been validated by 40 years of success in the marketplace. Composed of 3 intensive individual interviews and 15 to 25 hours of educational and psychological testing, the service assists clients in identifying and beginning pursuit of suitable educational and occupational goals. The counselors describe how they organize and sift through test results to formulate recommendations for a client's unique career circumstances, why they accept responsibility for developing and presenting concrete recommendations, and what the changes in their clients' concerns suggest about the evolution of work in the United States. Their specificity and professionalism will help counselors understand the craft of career counseling.     

Constructive Development and Career Transition: Implications for Counseling

The ability to effectively manage career transition may be related to an individual's meaning-making framework, or constructive development. The implications of constructive developmental theory for career choice and implementation are explored. The interplay between career transition and developmental transformation is examined, and counseling strategies for assisting such transformation are proposed. Case illustrations are offered.