Influences on Career Choice Among Psychology Undergraduate Students: Role of Social Agents

The study explored factors that mediate the choice of psychology as a major subject by undergraduate students. Participants were a convenience sample of 368 students from two higher education institutions in Southern Africa (males =186, females =182, mean age = 22.35 years, SD=2.84 years). Data were collected using a survey that investigated social agents that are considered important in students' career choices. The data were analysed to explore differences by family and peer influences. The findings suggest that the students in the sample regarded social influences important in their choice of psychology as a major subject.     

民国时期的留学生与中国现代心理学科的早期发展

1918年至1937年是中国现代心理学科早期发展时期,该文论述了留学生在中国现代心理学科产生和早期发展中的作用,认为,留学生群体特征启动中国现代心理学科发展,“教育救国”观推动中国现代心理学科发展,躬身实践带动了中国现代心理学科的发展。留学生在中国现代心理学科的产生与早期发展中起到观念更新者、理论传播者、实践耕耘者的作用。     

大学生职业成熟度结构及问卷编制

研究通过文献综述、开放式调查、专家咨询和样本预测的统计分析等提出了大学生职业成熟度的理论构想,以此为基础自编了大学生职业成熟度问卷,并对正式问卷调查结果进行了探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析,结果表明：大学生职业成熟度主要包括职业知识和职业态度两个维度;研究所构建的大学生职业成熟度理论结构比较合理,编制的大学生职业成熟度问卷是一个具有较好信度和效度的测量工具,可以为进一步研究提供依据与基础。     

亲社会行为与大学生心理健康教育

亲社会行为是有益于他人和社会的积极行为,本能论、习得论、情感论和认知论对其动机作了理论解释。知、情、意、行是相互作用的,亲社会行为给大学生心理健康教育提供了新的视角,可以通过亲社会行为的培养来促进大学生心理健康。     

Postgraduate Clinical Psychology Placements in Victoria: The Experience of Students and Supervisors

In a recent study conducted at Swinburne University of Technology, researchers examined the challenges involved in coordinating, undertaking, and supervising clinical psychology placements within Victoria. The aim of the investigation was to develop and improve strategies ensuring the sustainable provision of university‐based postgraduate psychology programmes. Results provide detailed information about the components involved in this multifaceted problem. Findings indicate that those involved in clinical placements within university training programmes in Victoria are experiencing major difficulties and that these difficulties raise serious concerns regarding the future provision of clinical placements within the postgraduate system. This article focuses on student and supervisor experiences and perspectives. Implications are discussed.     

中国大学生心理健康筛查量表的编制

编制适合我国大学生的心理健康筛查工具具有重要意义。本研究首先通过文献分析、实际调研及专家研讨的方式构建出量表的三个筛查级别,22个维度指标,并据此发展出具体项目。再通过对890名普通大学生和67名正在接受咨询的临床大学生样本进行预试,对另810名大学生进行正式测试,以及多轮专家评估来检验和修订项目,最终形成中国大学生心理健康筛查量表。结果表明,中国大学生心理健康筛查量表的模型结构合理,拟合良好;量表各项目区分度良好,信度和效度符合心理测量学要求;咨询求助和未求助大学生在量表以及各维度上的得分均有显著差异。因此,该量表可作为中国大学生心理健康筛查的测量工具。     

Dimensions of Acculturation and Work Hope in International Students

Work hope is an emerging and important factor in the career development process of international students. In this study, the authors focused on the work hope of international students and examined its relation to dimensions of acculturation (i.e., dominant society immersion, ethnic identity, ethnic society immersion, individualism, and collectivism). A total of 340 international students completed an online survey. Results of a correlation analysis revealed associations in the expected directions. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that horizontal collectivism, horizontal individualism, and vertical collectivism had a significant and unique contribution in explaining work hope. Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.     

Community Psychology and Community Mental Health: A Call for Reengagement

Community psychology is rooted in community mental health research and practice and has made important contributions to this field. Yet, in the decades since its inception, community psychology has reduced its focus on promoting mental health, well‐being, and liberation of individuals with serious mental illnesses. This special issue endeavors to highlight current efforts in community mental health from our field and related disciplines and point to future directions for reengagement in this area. The issue includes 12 articles authored by diverse stakeholder groups. Following a review of the state of community mental health scholarship in the field's two primary journals since 1973, the remaining articles center on four thematic areas: (a) the community experience of individuals with serious mental illness; (b) the utility of a participatory and cross‐cultural lens in our engagement with community mental health; (c) Housing First implementation, evaluation, and dissemination; and (d) emerging or under‐examined topics. In reflection, we conclude with a series of challenges for community psychologists involved in future, transformative, movements in community mental health.     

贵州省高师本科大学生学业自我效能感与心理健康水平的研究

运用大学生学业自我效能感量表和SCL-90症状自评量表对高师本科大学生进行调查,探讨其学业自我效能感与心理健康水平的关系。结果表明：1、在学习能力自我效能感上,大一至大四学生无年级、性别、专业的显著差异;在学习行为自我效能感上,大三、大四差异显著;2、大四与其他各年级学生在自评症状各因子上存在极显著差异,男女生在自评症状的强迫和偏执两因子上存在显著差异;3、学业自我效能感高的学生与学业自我效能感低的学生在人际关系敏感、抑郁因子上差异显著;4、自我效能感与心理健康水平存在较高相关。     

追踪现代科学心理学发展的十个线索

追踪现代科学心理学的发展可以有十个线索：文化的线索、国别的线索、时间的线索、组织的线索、人物的线索、事件的线索、器物的线索、思想的线索、学说的线索、学科的线索。这是理解和把握现代科学心理学产生、演变、发展和趋势的重要内容。     

Spirituality,Culture and Mental Health: Prospects and Risks for Contemporary Psychology of Religion

This paper asks whether: (1) psychology of religion is doing what it is supposed to do, (2) the contemporary psychological attention to religion and spirituality is perhaps of a transgressive nature, and (3) conceptualizations of spirituality in psychological publications are biased. It makes a plea for phenomenologically well-informed research on real forms of religion and spirituality, from a perspective that is as broad as psychology at present has become, with due regard for both the cultural make-up of the phenomena and the unavoidable limits of psychologists' professional competence.     

Psychology Internships in the Treatment of Severe Mental Illness: Implications for Training in Academic Medical Centers

Despite an increasing focus over the past 2 decades by federal and state governments on the care of persons with severe mental illness, psychologists remain underrepresented among behavioral health professionals working with this population. Within the discipline there is growing concern about the need to adequately train, recruit, and retain psychologists in this specialty. This is a particular concern in academic medical settings where the overall severity of illness among those receiving psychiatric services continues to increase. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to intensively examine the experience of predoctoral interns engaged in treating individuals with severe mental illness in an academic medical center in order to identify the professional developmental experiences and training needs of those learning to care for this population. This analysis, conducted with semistructured interviews at four points during the internship year, yielded a series of recommendations for improving internship training and recruiting psychologists to this specialty.     

South African Adolescents' Career Development through the Lens of the Systems Theory Framework: An Exploratory Study

Adolescent career development has predominantly been studied in the context of middle class Eurocentric cultures and there have been calls for greater attention to the career development of non-dominant and disadvantaged groups. Further, there have been calls to explore career development in terms of its context and process. In this regard, the need for research measures and approaches sensitive to adolescents and particular cultures has been recognised. This is particularly the case in South African career psychology. The present study used a qualitative career assessment instrument, My System of Career Influences, to explore influences on the career development of disadvantaged South African adolescents living in a children's home. Consistent with previous international and national studies, parents were shown to be an important influence. Unlike previous studies, the influence of working overseas was also identified as an important influence. The MSCI was shown to be effective in providing insight into both the context and process of career development and as a research instrument that may be used with adolescents. Recommendations for future research are made.     

我国中小学生心理健康服务从业人员及工作状况调查

该研究的目的是考察我国中小学生心理健康服务从业人员及专业工作的基本情况,并比较其地区差异,分析存在的问题。调查包括来自重庆、甘肃、辽宁、福建、湖北以及西藏等6个省市自治区的596名被试。研究采用自编问卷调查中小学生心理健康从业队伍情况及其专业工作情况。结果发现各地区之间发展确实存在不均衡的状况,辽宁、福建等东部发达地区从业人员专业化水平相对较高;西藏、甘肃等地区则相对较为落后,特别体现在人员结构不合理、职称待遇偏低、缺少专业培训等方面。     

2020 Reflections from a Mid-Career Academic Psychologist: Select Tips for Prospective Graduate Psychology Students

Abstract

This paper provides some personal and academic reflections from a mid-career academic psychologist. In doing so, several select tips and suggestions are offered to prospective graduate psychology students, in particular. This paper strikes to encourage such students to seriously and thoughtfully consider why they wish to attend graduate school and some of the realistic possible negative consequences of doing so. Several select additional suggestions are noted for those students who ultimately decide to attend graduate school with a particular emphasis on the value and importance of forging a productive and collegial relationship with one’s graduate mentor.     

Predictors of Mental Health Among College Students in Guam: Implications for Counseling

The authors investigated sociodemographic predictors of the mental health status of college students (N = 308) in Guam. Results indicated prevalence rates of 17.8%, 40.2%, and 25.6% for moderate or more severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Psychological distress was found to be predicted by gender, ethnicity, living arrangement, and academic level. Comparisons with college students in the U.S. mainland and Hong Kong were also examined. Implications for counseling services and strategies are discussed.     

Physical and Psychological Health Predict Adherence to an Online Mindfulness Program for College Students

We examined predictors of students' adherence to a 10-session online mindfulness program. Undergraduates naive to meditation (N = 169) were recruited from an introductory psychology subject pool. Students completed assessments examining physical and psychological health and were asked to complete a 10-session online mindfulness activity. More than half (53%) of the sample was fully adherent to the program. Better physical health and lower levels of anxiety predicted adherence. We present recommendations for increasing adherence in the clinical use of mindfulness with college students.     

中国中小学生综合幸福感量表的编制研究

幸福是人类社会的终极目标和共同追求。幸福社会基础在民生,关键靠教育,重心在培养学生的幸福感。本研究以中国特色世界视野的马克思主义幸福观为理论基础,在综合借鉴国内外相关研究成果基础上,通过对5029名中小学生的测量,编制了中国文化背景下的中小学生综合幸福感量表。量表由道德幸福感、心理幸福感、学业幸福感、健康幸福感和社会幸福感五大分量表构成,包括17个因子,共113个项目,力争科学、系统、全面反映中小学生的幸福感水平。研究结果表明,该量表具有良好的信效度,可用于测评中国中小学生的综合幸福感发展状况